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中国国际投资头寸表 2023-10-17/jiangxi/2023/1017/2316.html
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中国国际收支货物和服务贸易数据（更新至2023年8月） 2023-10-19/jiangxi/2023/1019/2318.html
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日前，国家外汇管理局公布了2023年9月份银行结售汇和银行代客涉外收付款数据。国家外汇管理局副局长、新闻发言人王春英就近期外汇收支形势回答了记者提问。 问：今年第三季度我国外汇市场运行情况如何？ 答：今年第三季度，外部环境复杂多变，我国经济保持恢复向好态势，外汇市场表现出较强韧性，主要体现在以下几个方面： 第一，人民币汇率在全球货币中表现稳健。三季度以来，美元利率持续上升，美元汇率再度走强，非美货币普遍贬值。我国稳经济政策持续发力并逐步显效，人民币对美元汇率略有贬值，对欧元、英镑、日元等主要货币有所升值。截至10月19日，中国外汇交易中心公布的人民币对一篮子货币指数（CFETS）较二季度末上涨3.0%。 第二，市场预期总体平稳，外汇交易保持理性。外汇期权市场的风险逆转指标近期依然维持相对低位，说明人民币汇率预期基本稳定。从市场调研情况看，银行、企业等机构普遍认为人民币汇率没有长期贬值的基础。境内主体外汇交易总体理性，结售汇意愿较为平稳。第三季度，结汇率（客户向银行卖出外汇与客户涉外外汇收入之比）为66.4%，售汇率（客户从银行购买外汇与客户涉外外汇支出之比）为68.9%，与上半年相比变化不大。 第三，货物贸易继续发挥稳定跨境资金流动的主导作用。今年以来我国对外贸易平稳运行，近期出口企稳回升态势明显。按人民币计价，8、9月份出口环比连续两个月增长，消费电子等传统优势产品出口企稳向好，新能源汽车、锂电池、光伏电池等“新三样”出口保持两位数增长，我国对传统市场出口明显改善的同时对新兴市场出口增长提速。在此背景下，第三季度我国货物贸易项下跨境资金净流入规模保持稳定，与第二季度基本持平，总体延续近两年高位运行态势。 总的来看，当前我国外汇市场延续预期稳定、交易理性的基本格局。10月份以来，随着我国跨境资金流动中的季节性等短期影响因素减弱，跨境资金呈现净流入。我国外汇市场对外部环境变化的适应性与可承受力明显增强，跨境资金流动短期调整未改变长期均衡的发展态势，这些都是市场成熟度提升和韧性增强的积极表现。 问：您如何看待未来我国外汇市场和跨境资金流动趋势？ 答：当前，国内基本面的积极因素不断积累，各方面发展优势没有变而且在持续提升，随着主要发达经济体货币政策紧缩接近终点，未来我国外汇市场平稳运行、跨境资金均衡流动的基础更加稳固。 首先，我国经济保持回升向好的发展态势，内部基本面的支撑作用将进一步巩固。前三季度，国内生产总值（GDP）同比增长5.2%，尤其是随着稳经济政策“组合拳”接续发力，三季度GDP两年平均增速比二季度加快1.1个百分点。消费、就业、物价、外贸、制造业景气度、高技术产业投资等多领域、多指标均出现积极变化，经济回升向好态势更趋明显。未来，随着宏观调控政策效果不断显现，经济高质量发展的有利因素将持续积累，对我国外汇市场的支撑作用将进一步增强，也有利于吸引跨境资金流入。 其次，我国外汇市场交易主体行为更加成熟和理性，有助于跨境资金流动保持平稳。近年来，随着人民币汇率市场化形成机制不断完善，外汇市场深度和广度进一步拓展，人民币跨境使用明显增多；企业汇率风险管理意识和能力持续增强，境内企业等主体的汇率预期和交易行为保持总体理性。这都成为维护市场稳定的内在积极因素，未来也将继续发挥重要作用。 第三，主要发达经济体货币政策紧缩接近终点，外部环境的有关影响将出现转变。2023年以来，美联储、欧央行等货币政策紧缩效果逐步显现，加息步伐放缓，市场普遍认为主要发达经济体央行本轮加息周期已接近尾声。未来，美欧通胀将继续缓慢降温，政策关注焦点可能从“加不加息”向“降不降息”过渡，对国际金融市场的外溢影响也将逐步发生转变。 下一步，国家外汇局将坚持统筹发展与安全，稳步推进外汇领域改革开放，保持外汇管理政策的连续性和稳定性，持续提升跨境贸易和投融资自由化便利化水平；同时，积极防范化解跨境资金流动风险，切实维护外汇市场平稳运行。 问：多年来，经常账户在稳定我国国际收支和外汇市场中一直发挥着积极作用，对于未来我国经常账户发展趋势，您有何判断？ 答：预计今年我国经常账户仍将保持合理规模顺差，继续体现对外贸易发展韧性以及涉外经济稳健性。上半年，我国经常账户顺差1463亿美元，与同期GDP之比为1.7%，继续处于合理均衡区间。初步统计，7-8月我国经常账户顺差550亿美元左右，预计第三季度经常账户顺差仍将保持一定规模。其中，货物贸易顺差处于历史同期较高水平；服务贸易稳步恢复，跨境旅行以及相关支出有序增加，目前仍低于疫情前水平。展望第四季度，我国出口有望得到结构性因素和周期性因素的共同支撑，货物贸易以及经常账户将延续合理顺差格局。一方面，我国产业链供应链仍具相对优势，产业升级对出口产品竞争力的提升作用逐步显现，新的贸易增长点不断涌现，未来仍会发挥稳出口、优结构的积极作用；另一方面，在国际市场年底消费增多、补库存需求上升等因素推动下，第四季度出口趋稳向好势头将继续巩固。 从中长期看，我国经常账户有基础有条件保持基本平衡。决定经常账户中长期发展趋势的是一国经济结构和制造业水平。首先，经常账户反映了国内储蓄和投资的关系，储蓄率高于投资率则经常账户为顺差。当前我国储蓄率在全球处于较高水平，未来储蓄率和投资率有望继续保持合理规模的正向缺口，推动经常账户顺差维持均衡水平。其次，我国制造大国地位稳固，制造业规模持续位居全球首位，产业链条完备齐全、技术工人充足等相对优势明显，将继续对出口起到促进作用；同时，我国制造业转型升级稳步推进，技术密集型产品创新取得重大进展，前三季度高技术产业投资同比增长11.4%，高质量发展不仅有助于优化出口结构、培育新的贸易增长点，也有助于降低对国外产品依赖度，支撑货物贸易顺差格局。再次，制造业与服务业融合发展，将增加服务贸易出口收入，促进服务贸易高质量均衡发展，进一步夯实我国经常账户在中长期保持合理均衡的基础。 2023-10-24/yunnan/2023/1024/1137.html
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国家外汇管理局统计数据显示，2023年9月，银行结汇12705亿元人民币，售汇13669亿元人民币。2023年1-9月，银行累计结汇117061亿元人民币，累计售汇119683亿元人民币。 按美元计值，2023年9月，银行结汇1769亿美元，售汇1903亿美元。2023年1-9月，银行累计结汇16703亿美元，累计售汇17071亿美元。 2023年9月，银行代客涉外收入36234亿元人民币，对外付款40105亿元人民币。2023年1-9月，银行代客累计涉外收入322179亿元人民币，累计对外付款326835亿元人民币。 按美元计值，2023年9月，银行代客涉外收入5044亿美元，对外付款5583亿美元。2023年1-9月，银行代客累计涉外收入45933亿美元，累计对外付款46564亿美元。 附：名词解释和相关说明 国际收支是指我国居民与非居民间发生的一切经济交易。 银行结售汇是指银行为客户及其自身办理的结汇和售汇业务，包括远期结售汇履约和期权行权数据，不包括银行间外汇市场交易数据。银行结售汇统计时点为人民币与外汇兑换行为发生时。其中，结汇是指外汇所有者将外汇卖给银行，售汇是指银行将外汇卖给外汇使用者。结售汇差额是结汇与售汇的轧差数。 远期结售汇签约是指银行与客户协商签订远期结汇（售汇）合同，约定将来办理结汇（售汇）的外汇币种、金额、汇率和期限；到期外汇收入（支出）发生时，即按照远期结汇（售汇）合同订明的币种、金额、汇率办理结汇（售汇）。 远期结售汇平仓是指客户因真实需求背景发生变更、无法履行资金交割义务，对原交易反向平盘，了结部分或全部远期头寸的行为。 远期结售汇展期是指客户因真实需求背景发生变更，调整原交易交割时间的行为。 本期末远期结售汇累计未到期额是指银行与客户签订的远期结汇和售汇合同在本期末仍未到期的余额；差额是指未到期远期结汇和售汇余额之差。 未到期期权Delta净敞口是指银行对客户办理的期权业务在本期末累计未到期合约所隐含的即期汇率风险敞口。 银行代客涉外收付款是指境内非银行居民机构和个人（统称非银行部门）通过境内银行与非居民机构和个人之间发生的收付款，不包括现钞收付和银行自身涉外收付款。具体包括：非银行部门和非居民之间通过境内银行发生的跨境收付款（包括外汇和人民币），以及非银行部门和非居民之间通过境内银行发生的境内收付款（暂不包括境内居民个人与境内非居民个人之间发生的人民币收付款），统计时点为客户在境内银行办理涉外收付款时。其中，银行代客涉外收入是指非银行部门通过境内银行从非居民收入的款项，银行代客对外支出是指非银行部门通过境内银行向非居民支付的款项。 2023-10-24/yunnan/2023/1024/1136.html
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国家外汇管理局各省、自治区、直辖市、计划单列市分局，全国性中资银行： 为进一步规范信息系统代码标准化工作，明确特殊机构代码、金融机构代码、金融机构标识码的赋码业务线上办理操作规程，提高外汇管理和统计分析水平，国家外汇管理局修订了《国家外汇管理局信息系统代码标准管理规定》。现予印发，请遵照执行。 各省级分局收到本通知后，应及时通知辖内分支机构、城市商业银行、农村商业银行、外商独资银行、中外合资银行、外国银行分行以及农村合作金融机构遵照执行。各全国性中资银行应及时通知所辖分支机构遵照执行。执行中如遇问题，请及时向国家外汇管理局科技司反馈。 特此通知。 附件：《国家外汇管理局信息系统代码标准管理规定》 国家外汇管理局 2023年9月22日 2023-10-16/jiangxi/2023/1016/2315.html
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国家外汇管理局统计数据显示，截至2023年9月末，我国外汇储备规模为31151亿美元，较8月末下降450亿美元，降幅为1.42%。 2023年9月，受主要经济体货币政策及预期、宏观经济数据等因素影响，美元指数上涨，全球金融资产价格总体下跌。汇率折算和资产价格变化等因素综合作用，当月外汇储备规模下降。我国经济总体回升向好，高质量发展扎实推进，有利于外汇储备规模继续保持基本稳定。 2023-10-24/yunnan/2023/1024/1135.html
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2023年8月，我国国际收支货物和服务贸易进出口规模40160亿元。其中，货物贸易出口19280亿元，进口15434亿元，顺差3846亿元；服务贸易出口1871亿元，进口3575亿元，逆差1705亿元。服务贸易主要项目为：运输服务进出口规模1609亿元，旅行服务进出口规模1524亿元，其他商业服务进出口规模921亿元，电信、计算机和信息服务进出口规模574亿元。 按美元计值，2023年8月，我国国际收支货物和服务贸易出口2949亿美元，进口2650亿美元，顺差299亿美元。（完） 中国国际收支货物和服务贸易数据 2023年8月 项目 按人民币计值 （亿元） 按美元计值 （亿美元） 货物和服务贸易差额 2142 299 贷方 21151 2949 借方 -19009 -2650 1.货物贸易差额 3846 536 贷方 19280 2688 借方 -15434 -2152 2.服务贸易差额 -1705 -238 贷方 1871 261 借方 -3575 -498 2.1加工服务差额 65 9 贷方 70 10 借方 -5 -1 2.2维护和维修服务差额 33 5 贷方 67 9 借方 -34 -5 2.3运输差额 -539 -75 贷方 535 75 借方 -1074 -150 2.4旅行差额 -1342 -187 贷方 91 13 借方 -1433 -200 2.5建设差额 12 2 贷方 63 9 借方 -51 -7 2.6保险和养老金服务差额 -48 -7 贷方 17 2 借方 -65 -9 2.7金融服务差额 -8 -1 贷方 23 3 借方 -31 -4 2.8知识产权使用费差额 -188 -26 贷方 63 9 借方 -250 -35 2.9电信、计算机和信息服务差额 124 17 贷方 349 49 借方 -225 -31 2.10其他商业服务差额 235 33 贷方 578 81 借方 -343 -48 2.11个人、文化和娱乐服务差额 -18 -3 贷方 8 1 借方 -26 -4 2.12别处未提及的政府货物和服务差额 -31 -4 贷方 7 1 借方 -38 -5 注： 1. 本表所称国际收支货物和服务贸易与国际收支平衡表中的货物和服务口径一致，是指居民与非居民之间发生的交易。月度数据为初步数据，可能与国际收支平衡表中的季度数据不一致。 2. 国际收支货物和服务贸易数据按美元编制，当月人民币计值数据由美元数据按月均人民币对美元中间价折算得到。 3. 本表计数采用四舍五入原则。 指标解释： 国际收支货物和服务贸易：是指居民与非居民之间发生的货物贸易和服务贸易进出口，与国际收支平衡表的口径相同。 1．货物贸易: 指经济所有权在我国居民与非居民之间发生转移的货物进出口。贷方记录货物出口，借方记录货物进口。货物账户数据主要来源于海关进出口统计，但与海关统计存在以下主要区别：一是国际收支中的货物只记录所有权发生了转移的货物（如一般贸易、进料加工贸易等贸易方式的货物），所有权未发生转移的货物（如来料加工或出料加工贸易）不纳入货物统计，而纳入服务贸易统计；二是计价方面，国际收支统计要求进出口货值均按离岸价格记录，海关出口货值为离岸价格，但进口货值为到岸价格，因此国际收支统计从海关进口货值中调出国际运保费支出，并纳入服务贸易统计；三是补充了海关未统计的转手买卖下的货物净出口数据。 2．服务贸易：包括加工服务，维护和维修服务，运输，旅行，建设，保险和养老金服务，金融服务，知识产权使用费，电信、计算机和信息服务，其他商业服务，个人、文化和娱乐服务以及别处未提及的政府服务。贷方记录我国提供的服务，即服务出口；借方记录我国接受的服务，即服务进口。 2.1加工服务：又称“对他人拥有的实物投入的制造服务”，指货物的所有权没有在所有者和加工方之间发生转移，加工方仅提供加工、装配、包装等服务，并从货物所有者处收取加工服务费用。贷方记录我国居民为非居民拥有的实物提供的加工服务。借方记录我国居民接受非居民的加工服务。 2.2维护和维修服务：指居民或非居民向对方所拥有的货物和设备（如船舶、飞机及其他运输工具）提供的维修和保养工作。贷方记录我国居民向非居民提供的维护和维修服务。借方记录我国居民接受的非居民维护和维修服务。 2.3运输：指将人和物体从一地点运送至另一地点的过程以及相关辅助和附属服务，以及邮政和邮递服务。贷方记录居民向非居民提供的国际运输、邮政快递等服务。借方记录居民接受的非居民国际运输、邮政快递等服务。 2.4旅行：指旅行者在其作为非居民的经济体旅行期间消费的物品和购买的服务。贷方记录我国居民向在我国境内停留不足一年的非居民以及停留期限不限的非居民留学人员和就医人员提供的货物和服务。借方记录我国居民境外旅行、留学或就医期间购买的非居民货物和服务。 2.5建设服务：指建筑形式的固定资产的建立、翻修、维修或扩建，工程性质的土地改良、道路、桥梁和水坝等工程建筑，相关的安装、组装、油漆、管道施工、拆迁和工程管理等，以及场地准备、测量和爆破等专项服务。贷方记录我国居民在经济领土之外提供的建设服务。借方记录我国居民在我国经济领土内接受的非居民建设服务。 2.6保险和养老金服务：指各种保险服务，以及同保险交易有关的代理商的佣金。贷方记录我国居民向非居民提供的人寿保险和年金、非人寿保险、再保险、标准化担保服务以及相关辅助服务。借方记录我国居民接受非居民的人寿保险和年金、非人寿保险、再保险、标准化担保服务以及相关辅助服务。 2.7金融服务：指金融中介和辅助服务，但不包括保险和养老金服务项目所涉及的服务。贷方记录我国居民向非居民提供的金融中介和辅助服务。借方记录我国居民接受非居民的金融中介和辅助服务。 2.8知识产权使用费：指居民和非居民之间经许可使用无形的、非生产/非金融资产和专有权以及经特许安排使用已问世的原作或原型的行为。贷方记录我国居民向非居民提供的知识产权相关服务。借方记录我国居民使用的非居民知识产权服务。 2.9电信、计算机和信息服务：指居民和非居民之间的通信服务以及与计算机数据和新闻有关的服务交易，但不包括以电话、计算机和互联网为媒介交付的商业服务。贷方记录本国居民向非居民提供的电信服务、计算机服务和信息服务。借方记录本国居民接受非居民提供的电信服务、计算机服务和信息服务。 2.10其他商业服务: 指居民和非居民之间其他类型的服务，包括研发服务，专业和管理咨询服务，技术、贸易相关等服务。贷方记录我国居民向非居民提供的其他商业服务。借方记录我国居民接受的非居民其他商业服务。 2.11个人、文化娱乐服务:指居民和非居民之间与个人、文化和娱乐有关的服务交易，包括视听和相关服务（电影、收音机、电视节目和音乐录制品），其他个人、文化娱乐服务（健康、教育等）。贷方记录我国居民向非居民提供的相关服务。借方记录我国居民接受的非居民相关服务。 2.12别处未提及的政府货物和服务：指在其他货物和服务类别中未包括的政府和国际组织提供和购买的各项货物和服务。贷方记录我国居民向非居民提供的别处未涵盖的货物和服务。借方记录我国居民向非居民购买的别处未涵盖的货物和服务。 2023-09-28/safe/2023/0928/23257.html
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In August 2023, the export and import of China’s international trade in goods and services totalled RMB 4016.0 billion. Of this, the export of goods recorded RMB 1928.0 billion and the import recorded RMB 1543.4 billion, resulting in a surplus of RMB 384.6 billion. The export of services recorded RMB 187.1 billion and the import recorded RMB 357.5 billion, resulting in a deficit of RMB 170.5 billion. In terms of the major items, the export and import of transport, travel, other business services, telecommunications, computer and information services registered RMB 160.9 billion, RMB 152.4 billion, RMB 92.1 billion and RMB 57.4 billion respectively. In the US dollar terms, in August 2023, the export and import of China’s international trade in goods and services were USD 294.9 billion and USD 265.0 billion respectively, with a surplus of USD 29.9 billion. (End) International Trade in Goods and Servicesof China August 2023 Item In 100 million of RMB In 100 million of USD Goods and services 2142 299 Credit 21151 2949 Debit -19009 -2650 1. Goods 3846 536 Credit 19280 2688 Debit -15434 -2152 2. Services -1705 -238 Credit 1871 261 Debit -3575 -498 2.1Manufacturing services on physical inputs owned by others 65 9 Credit 70 10 Debit -5 -1 2.2Maintenance and repair services n.i.e 33 5 Credit 67 9 Debit -34 -5 2.3Transport -539 -75 Credit 535 75 Debit -1074 -150 2.4Travel -1342 -187 Credit 91 13 Debit -1433 -200 2.5Construction 12 2 Credit 63 9 Debit -51 -7 2.6Insurance and pension services -48 -7 Credit 17 2 Debit -65 -9 2.7Financial services -8 -1 Credit 23 3 Debit -31 -4 2.8Charges for the use of intellectual property -188 -26 Credit 63 9 Debit -250 -35 2.9Telecommunications, computer and information services 124 17 Credit 349 49 Debit -225 -31 2.10Other business services 235 33 Credit 578 81 Debit -343 -48 2.11Personal, cultural, and recreational services -18 -3 Credit 8 1 Debit -26 -4 2.12Government goods and services n.i.e -31 -4 Credit 7 1 Debit -38 -5 Notes: 1. The international trade in goods and services in this table refers to the transactions between residents and non-residents, based on the same standard as that for BOP statement. The monthly data are preliminary and may be inconsistent with the quarterly data in the BOP statement. 2. The data on international trade in goods and services are prepared in USD, and the RMB data for the current month is derived by converting the USD data at the monthly average central parity rate of the RMB against the USD. 3. This table employs rounded-off numbers. Definition of Indicators: The International Trade in Goods and Services: refers to the trade in goods and services between residents and non-residents, which is based on the same standard as that for the BOP statement. 1. Goods: refers to transactions in goods whereby the economic ownership is transferred between the Chinese residents and non-residents. The credit side records export of goods, while the debit side records import of goods. The data of goods account are mainly from the customs statistics of imports and exports, but differ from the statistics of the customs mainly in the following aspects: first, the goods in the BOP statement only reflect the goods whose ownership has been transferred (e.g. goods under the trade modes such as general trade and processing trade with imported materials), while the goods whose ownership is not transferred (e.g. manufacturing services with supplied materials or with exported materials) are included in the statistics of trade in services instead of the statistics of trade in goods; second, as required by the BOP statistics, the goods imported and exported are valued on the FOB basis, but as required by the customs, the goods exported are valued on the FOB basis, whereas goods imported are on the CIF basis. Therefore, for the purpose of the BOP statistics, the international transport and insurance premiums are taken out from the value of imported goods and included in the trade in services; and third, the data on net export of goods in merchanting which are not included in the customs statistics are supplemented. 2. Services: includes manufacturing services on physical inputs owned by others, maintenance and repair services n.i.e, transport, travel, construction, insurance and pension services, financial services, charges for the use of intellectual property, telecommunications, computer and information services, other business services, personal, cultural and recreational services, and government goods and services n.i.e. The credit side records services supplied, while the debit side records services received. 2.1 Manufacturing services on physical owned by others: processoronly provides processing, assembly, packaging and other services and charges service fee from the owner, while the ownership of the goods is not transferred between the owner and the processor. The credit side records the manufacturing services supplied by the Chinese residents on physical inputs owned by non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.2 Maintenance and repair services: refer to the maintenance and repair services supplied by residents to non-residents or vice versa on goods and equipment (such as vessel, aircraft, and other transportation facility) owned by the receiving party. The credit side records the maintenance and repair services supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.3 Transport: refers to the process of transporting people and goods from one place to another, and the relevant supporting and auxiliary services, as well as postal and delivery services. The credit side records the international transport, postal and delivery services supplied by residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.4 Travel: refers to goods consumed and services purchased by travelers in various economies as non-residents. The credit side records the goods and services provided by the Chinese residents to non-residents who have stayed in China for less than one year, as well as non-residents studying abroad and seeking medical treatment for indefinite period of stay. The debit side records the goods and services purchased by the Chinese residents when traveling, studying or seeking medical services abroad from non-residents. 2.5 Construction services: refer to the establishment, renovation, maintenance or expansion of fixed assets in the form of buildings, land improvement, roads, bridges and dams and other engineering buildings of engineering nature, relevant installation, assembly, painting, pipeline construction, demolition and project management, as well as site preparation, measurement and blasting and other special services. The credit side records the construction services provided by the Chinese residents outside the economic territory. The debit side records the construction services received by the Chinese residents in the Chinese economic territory from non-residents. 2.6 Insurance and pension services: refers to various insurance services and commission to agents related with insurance transaction. The credit side records the life insurance and annuity, non-life insurance, reinsurance, standardized guarantee services and relevant supporting services supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.7 Financial services: refer to financial intermediation and supporting services, excluding those covered byinsurance and pension services. The credit side records the financial intermediation and supporting services supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.8 Charges for the use of intellectual property: refer to licensed use of intangible, non-productive/non-financial assets and exclusive rights between residents and non-residents and the licensed use of existing original works or prototypes. The credit side records the intellectual property-related services supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.9 Telecommunications, computer and information services: refer to communications services between residents and non-residents and transactions of services related to computer data and news, excluding commercial services delivered via telephone, computer and Internet. The credit side records the telecommunications, computer and information services supplied by residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.10 Other business services: refer to other types of services between residents and non-residents, including research and development services, professional and management consulting services, technical and trade-related services. The credit side records theother business services supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.11 Personal, cultural and recreational services: refer to transactions of personal, cultural and recreational services between residents and non-residents, including audio visual and related services (films, radio,television programs and music recordings) and other personal, cultural and recreational services (health, education, etc.). The credit side records therelated services supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.12 Government goods and services n.i.e: refer to various goods and services provided and purchased by governments and international organizations not included in other categories of goods and services. The credit side records the goods and services not included elsewhere and supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2023-09-28/en/2023/0928/2124.html
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As at the end of June 2023, China recorded RMB 17.5862 trillion in outstanding external debt denominated in both domestic and foreign currencies(equivalent to USD 2433.8 billion, excluding those of Hong Kong SAR, Macao SAR, and Taiwan Province of China, the same below). In terms of maturity structure, the outstanding medium-and long-term external debt was RMB 7665 billion (equivalent to USD1060.8 billion), accounting for 44 percent; while the outstanding short-term external debt was RMB 9921.2 billion (equivalent to USD 1373 billion), taking up 56 percent, of which 36 percent was trade-related credit. In terms of institutional sectors, the outstanding debt of general government totaled RMB 2914.4 billion (equivalent to USD 403.3 billion), accounting for 17 percent;the outstanding debt of the central bank totaled RMB 574.9 billion(equivalent to USD 79.6 billion), accounting for 3 percent;the outstanding debt of banks totaled RMB 7562.2 billion (equivalent to USD 1046.6 billion), accounting for 43 percent;the outstanding debt of other sectors (including inter-company lending under direct investments) totaled RMB 6534.7 billion (equivalent to USD 904.3 billion), accounting for 37 percent. In terms of debt instruments, the balance of loans was RMB 2907.5 billion (equivalent to USD 402.4 billion), accounting for 16 percent;the outstanding trade credit and prepayment was RMB 2688.7 billion (equivalent to USD 372.1 billion), accounting for 15 percent;the outstanding currency and deposits was RMB 3835.9 billion (equivalent to USD 530.9 billion), accounting for 22 percent;the outstanding debt securities was RMB 4906 billion (equivalent to USD 679 billion), accounting for 28 percent;the Special Drawing Rights (SDR) allocation amounted to RMB 348 billion(equivalent to USD 48.1 billion), accounting for 2 percent; the balance of inter-company lending under direct investments totaled RMB 2223.8 billion(equivalent to USD 307.7 billion), accounting for 13 percent;and the balance of other debt liabilities was RMB 676.3 billion (equivalent to USD 93.6 billion), accounting for 4 percent. With respect to currency structures, the outstanding external debt in domestic currency totaled RMB 7809.6 billion (equivalent to USD 1080.8 billion), accounting for 44 percent;the outstanding external debt in foreign currencies (including SDR allocation) totaled RMB 9776.6 billion (equivalent to USD 1353 billion), accounting for 56 percent. In the outstanding registered external debt in foreign currencies, the USD debt accounted for 85 percent, the Euro debt accounted for 7 percent, the HKD debt accounted for 4 percent, the JPY debt accounted for 2 percent, the SDR and other foreign currency-denominated external debt accounted for 2 percent. Since all major external debt indicators were within the internationally recognized thresholds, China’s external debt risk is under control. Appendix Definition of terms and interpretations External debt classification by maturity structure. There are two methods to classify the external debt by maturity structure. One is on the basis of the contractual maturity, i.e. it is classified as medium- and long-term external debt if the contractual maturity is over one year, and classified as short-term external debt if the contractual maturity is one year or less;the other is on the basis of the remaining maturity, i.e., on the basis of the contractual maturity classification method above, the medium- and long-term external debt due within one year is classified as short-term external debt. In this news release, external debt is divided into medium- and long-term external debt and short-term external debt based on the contractual maturity. Trade-related credit is a broad concept. In addition to trade credit and advances, it also involves other kinds of credit provided for trade activities. According to its definition,trade-related credit includes trade credit and advances, bank trade financing, trade related bills, and so forth. In particular, trade credit and advances refer to external liability arising from directly extending credit between the seller and buyer of goods transactions,specifically transactions between residents in the Chinese Mainland and overseas non-residents (including non-residents in Hong Kong SAR, Macao SAR,and Taiwan Province of China), i.e., the debt incurred due to the difference between the time of payment and the time of the goods ownership transfer, which include credit directly provided by the supplier (e.g., the overseas exporter)for goods and services, and prepayments made by buyers (e.g., overseas importers) for goods, services, and work that is in progress (or work to be undertaken). Bank trade financing refers to trade related loans that offered by a third party (e.g., banks) to exporters or importers, for instance, loans extended by foreign financial institutions or export credit agencies to buyers. Annexed table：China’s Gross External Debt Position by Sector, End of June 2023 End of June 2023 End of June 2023 （Unit:100 million RMB） （Unit:100 million US dollars） General Government 29144 4033 Short-term 1630 226 Currency and deposits 0 0 Debt securities 1630 226 Loans 0 0 Trade credit and advances 0 0 Other debt liabilities 0 0 Long-term 27513 3808 Special drawing rights (allocations) 0 0 Currency and deposits 0 0 Debt securities 23575 3263 Loans 3938 545 Trade credit and advances 0 0 Other debt liabilities 0 0 Central Bank 5749 796 Short-term 1975 273 Currency and deposits 1159 160 Debt securities 816 113 Loans 0 0 Trade credit and advances 0 0 Other debt liabilities 0 0 Long-term 3774 522 Special drawing rights (allocations) 3480 482 Currency and deposits 0 0 Debt securities 0 0 Loans 0 0 Trade credit and advances 0 0 Other debt liabilities 294 41 Other Depository Corporations 75622 10466 Short-term 60030 8308 Currency and deposits 37186 5146 Debt securities 5083 703 Loans 16389 2268 Trade credit and advances 0 0 Other debt liabilities 1371 190 Long-term 15593 2158 Currency and deposits 0 0 Debt securities 11841 1639 Loans 3666 507 Trade credit and advances 0 0 Other debt liabilities 85 12 Other Sectors 43109 5966 Short-term 30495 4220 Currency and deposits 14 2 Debt securities 121 17 Loans 1750 242 Trade credit and advances 26417 3656 Other debt liabilities 2193 304 Long-term 12614 1746 Currency and deposits 0 0 Debt securities 5994 829 Loans 3331 461 Trade credit and advances 471 65 Other debt liabilities 2819 390 Direct Investment: Intercompany Lending 22238 3078 Debt liabilities of direct investment enterprises to direct investors 12004 1661 Debt liabilities of direct investors to direct investment enterprises 1301 180 Debt liabilities to fellow enterprises 8933 1236 Gross External Debt Position 175862 24338 Notes: 1. The short-term and long-term herein are broken down by contractual (original) maturity. 2. The data in this table have been rounded off. 2023-09-28/en/2023/0922/2116.html
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截至2023年6月末，我国全口径（含本外币）外债余额为175862亿元人民币（等值24338亿美元，不包括中国香港特区、中国澳门特区和中国台湾地区对外负债，下同）。 从期限结构看，中长期外债余额为76650亿元人民币（等值10608亿美元），占44%；短期外债余额为99212亿元人民币（等值13730亿美元），占56%。短期外债余额中，与贸易有关的信贷占36%。 从机构部门看，广义政府外债余额为29144亿元人民币（等值4033亿美元），占17%；中央银行外债余额为5749亿元人民币（等值796亿美元），占3%；银行外债余额为75622亿元人民币（等值10466亿美元），占43%；其他部门（含关联公司间贷款）外债余额为65347亿元人民币（等值9043亿美元），占37%。 从债务工具看，贷款余额为29075亿元人民币（等值4024亿美元），占16%；贸易信贷与预付款余额为26887亿元人民币（等值3721亿美元），占15%；货币与存款余额为38359亿元人民币（等值5309亿美元），占22%；债务证券余额为49060亿元人民币（等值6790亿美元），占28%；特别提款权（SDR）分配为3480亿元人民币（等值481亿美元），占2%；关联公司间贷款债务余额为22238亿元人民币（等值3077亿美元），占13%；其他债务负债余额为6763亿元人民币（等值936亿美元），占4%。 从币种结构看，本币外债余额为78096亿元人民币（等值10808亿美元），占44%；外币外债余额（含SDR分配）为97766亿元人民币（等值13530亿美元），占56%。在外币登记外债余额中，美元债务占85%，欧元债务占7%，港币债务占4%，日元债务占2%，特别提款权和其他外币外债合计占比为2%。 我国外债主要指标均在国际公认的安全线以内，外债风险总体可控。 附 名词解释及相关说明 关于外债期限结构分类。按照期限结构对外债进行分类，有两种分类方法。一是按照签约期限划分，即合同期限在一年以上的外债为中长期外债，合同期限在一年或一年以下的外债为短期外债；二是按照剩余期限划分，即在签约期限划分的基础上，将未来一年内到期的中长期外债纳入到短期外债中。本新闻稿按签约期限划分中长期外债和短期外债。 与贸易有关的信贷是一个较广义的概念，除贸易信贷与预付款外，它还包括为贸易活动提供的其他信贷。从定义上看，与贸易有关的信贷包括贸易信贷与预付款、银行贸易融资、与贸易有关的短期票据等。其中，贸易信贷与预付款是指发生在中国大陆居民与境外（含港、澳、台地区）非居民之间，由货物交易的卖方和买方之间直接提供信贷而产生对外负债，即由于商品的资金支付时间与货物所有权发生转移的时间不同而形成的债务。具体包括供应商（如境外出口商）为商品交易和服务直接提供信贷，以及购买者（如境外进口商）为商品和服务以及进行中（或准备承担）的工作预先付款；银行贸易融资是指第三方（如银行）向出口商或进口商提供的与贸易有关的贷款，如外国金融机构或出口信贷机构向买方提供的贷款。 附表：中国2023年6月末按部门划分的外债总额头寸 2023年6月末 2023年6月末 （亿元人民币） （亿美元） 广义政府 29144 4033 短期 1630 226 货币与存款 0 0 债务证券 1630 226 贷款 0 0 贸易信贷与预付款 0 0 其他债务负债 0 0 长期 27513 3808 SDR分配 0 0 货币与存款 0 0 债务证券 23575 3263 贷款 3938 545 贸易信贷与预付款 0 0 其他债务负债 0 0 中央银行 5749 796 短期 1975 273 货币与存款 1159 160 债务证券 816 113 贷款 0 0 贸易信贷与预付款 0 0 其他债务负债 0 0 长期 3774 522 SDR分配 3480 482 货币与存款 0 0 债务证券 0 0 贷款 0 0 贸易信贷与预付款 0 0 其他债务负债 294 41 其他接受存款公司 75622 10466 短期 60030 8308 货币与存款 37186 5146 债务证券 5083 703 贷款 16389 2268 贸易信贷与预付款 0 0 其他债务负债 1371 190 长期 15593 2158 货币与存款 0 0 债务证券 11841 1639 贷款 3666 507 贸易信贷与预付款 0 0 其他债务负债 85 12 其他部门 43109 5966 短期 30495 4220 货币与存款 14 2 债务证券 121 17 贷款 1750 242 贸易信贷与预付款 26417 3656 其他债务负债 2193 304 长期 12614 1746 货币与存款 0 0 债务证券 5994 829 贷款 3331 461 贸易信贷与预付款 471 65 其他债务负债 2819 390 直接投资：公司间贷款 22238 3078 直接投资企业对直接投资者的债务负债 12004 1661 直接投资者对直接投资企业的债务负债 1301 180 对关联企业的债务负债 8933 1236 外债总额头寸 175862 24338 注：1. 本表按签约期限划分长期、短期外债。 2. 本表统计采用四舍五入法。 2023-09-28/safe/2023/0922/23221.html