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近日，国家外汇管理局江西省分局国际收支处（外汇综合处）主要负责同志带队前往上饶市开展外汇业务专题调研。 调研组一行在国家外汇管理局上饶市中心支局组织召开了银行外汇业务调研座谈会，详细了解相关银行的企业汇率风险管理服务、跨境金融服务平台推广运用等工作开展情况，并认真听取参会银行的意见建议。调研期间，调研组一行还先后前往江西艾芬达暖通科技股份有限公司、晶科能源股份有限公司开展走访调研，实地参观企业生产车间，仔细听取企业生产经营情况介绍，并就当前外需形势、汇率避险、跨境金融服务平台应用等内容与企业进行了深入交流。 2023-04-04/jiangxi/2023/0406/2180.html
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近日，外汇局汉中市中心支局副局长韩荣胜一行赴陕西汉江药业有限公司开展调研。 座谈会上，调研组听取了企业主要负责人、财务部门、外贸部门主管领导对企业2022年外贸业务发展情况的汇报，详细询问了企业外贸进出口国别变化、汇率避险业务开展情况、企业在银行办理业务过程中遇到的问题以及企业融资情况等，并向企业传达了近年来国家外汇管理局贸易便利化政策和地方政府出台的稳外贸稳外资政策精神及措施，引导企业强化上下游产业合作，不断提高企业产品定价能力，积极扩大跨境人民币业务结算量，积极使用汇率衍生产品，进一步规避汇率风险。 外汇局汉中市中心支局外汇管理科、人民银行汉中市中心支行科技科等部门负责人参加调研活动。各职能部门结合部门职责，向企业宣讲了相关金融政策，鼓励企业依法合规经营，做大做强对外贸易，实现企业经营发展目标，服务地方涉外经济健康有序发展。 2023-04-10/shaanxi/2023/0410/1521.html
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国家外汇管理局统计数据显示，2023年2月，中国外汇市场（不含外币对市场，下同）总计成交20.64万亿元人民币（等值3.02万亿美元）。其中，银行对客户市场成交2.90万亿元人民币（等值0.42万亿美元），银行间市场成交17.74万亿元人民币（等值2.60万亿美元）；即期市场累计成交7.44万亿元人民币（等值1.09万亿美元），衍生品市场累计成交13.19万亿元人民币（等值1.93万亿美元）。 2023年1-2月，中国外汇市场累计成交34.93万亿元人民币（等值5.12万亿美元）。 2023-04-10/shaanxi/2023/0410/1519.html
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问：银行按照支付结汇原则为企业办理结汇业务时，是否需要审核上一笔结汇资金使用的真实性和合规性？ 答：是。根据《国家外汇管理局关于改革外商投资企业外汇资本金结汇管理方式的通知》（汇发〔2015〕19号），银行按照支付结汇原则为企业办理每一笔结汇业务时，均应审核企业上一笔结汇（包括意愿结汇和支付结汇）资金使用的真实性与合规性。 2023-04-10/tianjin/2023/0410/2151.html
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《境外机构投资者投资中国债券市场资金管理规定》政策问答（一） 2023-04-10/shaanxi/2023/0410/1518.html
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2022年中国国际收支报告 2023-04-03/jiangxi/2023/0403/2181.html
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As at the end of 2022,China recorded RMB 17.0825 trillion in outstanding external debt denominated in both domestic and foreign currencies (equivalent to USD 2452.8 billion, excluding those of Hong Kong SAR, Macao SAR, and Taiwan Province of China, the same below). In terms of maturity structure, the outstanding medium-and long-term external debt was RMB 7764.1billion (equivalent to USD 1114.8 billion),accounting for 45 percent; while the outstanding short-term external debt was RMB 9318.4 billion (equivalent to USD 1338 billion),taking up 55 percent, of which 38 percent was trade-related credit. In terms of institutional sectors, the outstanding debt of general government totaled RMB 3038.5 billion(equivalent to USD 436.3 billion), accounting for 18 percent；the outstanding debt of the central bank totaled RMB 567.3 billion(equivalent to USD 81.5 billion), accounting for 3 percent；the outstanding debt of banks totaled RMB 7036.7 billion (equivalent to USD 1010.4 billion), accounting for 41 percent；the outstanding debt of other sectors (including inter-company lending under direct investments) totaled RMB 6440 billion(equivalent to USD 924.7 billion), accounting for 38 percent. In terms of debt instruments, the balance of loans was RMB 2768.7 billion (equivalent to USD 397.5 billion), accounting for 16 percent;the outstanding trade credits and advances was RMB 2664.6 billion (equivalent to USD 382.6 billion), accounting for 16 percent;the outstanding currency and deposits was RMB 3556.4 billion (equivalent to USD 510.6 billion), accounting for 21 percent;the outstanding debt securities was RMB 5094.5 billion (equivalent to USD 731.5 billion), accounting for 30 percent;the Special Drawing Rights (SDR) allocation amounted to RMB 335.6 billion (equivalent to USD 48.2 billion), accounting for 2 percent; the balance of inter-company lending under direct investments totaled RMB 2149.4 billion (equivalent to USD 308.6 billion),accounting for 12 percent;and the balance of other debt liabilities was RMB 513.3 billion (equivalent to USD 73.7 billion), accounting for 3 percent. With respect to currency structures, the outstanding external debt in domestic currency totaled RMB 7628 billion (equivalent to USD 1095.3 billion), accounting for 45 percent;the outstanding external debt in foreign currencies (including SDR allocation) totaled RMB 9454.5 billion (equivalent to USD 1357.5 billion), accounting for 55 percent. In the outstanding registered external debt in foreign currencies, the USD debt accounted for 85 percent, the Euro debt accounted for 7 percent, the HKD debt accounted for 4 percent, the JPY debt accounted for 1 percent, the SDR and other foreign currency-denominated external debt accounted for 3 percent. As at the end of 2022，the liability ratio was 13.6 percent, the debt ratio was 66 percent, the debt servicing ratio was 10.5 percent, and the ratio of short-term external debt to foreign exchange reserves was 42.8 percent. China’s major external debt indicators were all within the internationally recognized thresholds, indicating that the external debt risk is controllable. Appendix Definition of terms and interpretations External debt classification by maturity structure. There are two methods to classify the external debt by maturity structure. One is on the basis of the contractual maturity, i.e. it is classified as medium- and long-term external debt if the contractual maturity is over one year, and classified as short-term external debt if the contractual maturity is one year or less;the other is on the basis of the remaining maturity, i.e., on the basis of the contractual maturity classification method above, the medium- and long-term external debt due within one year is classified as short-term external debt. In this news release, external debt is divided into medium- and long-term external debt and short-term external debt based on the contractual maturity. Trade-related credit is a broad concept. In addition to trade credit and advances, it also involves other kinds of credit provided for trade activities. According to its definition,trade-related credit includes trade credit and advances, bank trade financing, trade related bills, and so forth. In particular, trade credit and advances refer to external liability arising from directly extending credit between the seller and buyer of goods transactions,specifically transactions between residents in the Chinese Mainland and overseas non-residents (including non-residents in Hong Kong SAR, Macao SAR,and Taiwan Province of China), i.e., the debt incurred due to the difference between the time of payment and the time of the goods ownership transfer, which include credit directly provided by the supplier (e.g., the overseas exporter)for goods and services, and prepayments made by buyers (e.g., overseas importers) for goods, services, and work that is in progress (or work to be undertaken). Bank trade financing refers to trade related loans that offered by a third party (e.g., banks) to exporters or importers, for instance, loans extended by foreign financial institutions or export credit agencies to buyers. Liability ratio refers to the ratio of outstanding external debt as of the end of the year to the GDP for the year. Debt ratio refers to the ratio of the outstanding external debt as of the end of the year to the export revenue from trade in goods and services for the year. Debt servicing ratio refers to the ratio of the repayment of the principal and payment of interest on external debt for the year (the sum of the repayment of the principal and payment of interest on medium- and long-term external debt and the payment of the interest of short-term external debt) to the export revenue from trade in goods and services for the year. The internationally recognized thresholds for external debt risk indicators - liability ratio, debt ratio, debt servicing ratio and ratio of short-term external debt to foreign exchange reserves are 20 percent,100 percent, 20 percent and 100 percent respectively. Annexed table：China’s Gross External Debt Position by Sector, End of 2022 End of 2022 End of 2022 （Unit:100 million RMB） （Unit:100 million US dollars） General Government 30385 4363 Short-term 2470 355 Currency and deposits 0 0 Debt securities 2470 355 Loans 0 0 Trade credit and advances 0 0 Other debt liabilities 0 0 Long-term 27914 4008 Special drawing rights (allocations) 0 0 Currency and deposits 0 0 Debt securities 24176 3471 Loans 3738 537 Trade credit and advances 0 0 Other debt liabilities 0 0 Central Bank 5673 815 Short-term 2043 293 Currency and deposits 1315 189 Debt securities 728 105 Loans 0 0 Trade credit and advances 0 0 Other debt liabilities 0 0 Long-term 3631 521 Special drawing rights (allocations) 3356 482 Currency and deposits 0 0 Debt securities 0 0 Loans 0 0 Trade credit and advances 0 0 Other debt liabilities 275 39 Other Depository Corporations 70367 10104 Short-term 53880 7736 Currency and deposits 34235 4916 Debt securities 4565 656 Loans 14653 2104 Trade credit and advances 0 0 Other debt liabilities 426 61 Long-term 16488 2367 Currency and deposits 0 0 Debt securities 12529 1799 Loans 3881 557 Trade credit and advances 0 0 Other debt liabilities 78 11 Other Sectors 42906 6161 Short-term 29723 4268 Currency and deposits 14 2 Debt securities 115 16 Loans 1795 258 Trade credit and advances 26180 3759 Other debt liabilities 1619 232 Long-term 13183 1893 Currency and deposits 0 0 Debt securities 6362 913 Loans 3620 520 Trade credit and advances 466 67 Other debt liabilities 2735 393 Direct Investment: Intercompany Lending 21494 3086 Debt liabilities of direct investment enterprises to direct investors 11878 1705 Debt liabilities of direct investors to direct investment enterprises 1292 185 Debt liabilities to fellow enterprises 8325 1195 Gross External Debt Position 170825 24528 Notes: 1. The short-term and long-term herein are broken down by contractual (original) maturity. 2. The data in this table have been rounded off. 2023-03-31/en/2023/0330/2061.html
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截至2022年末，我国全口径（含本外币）外债余额为170825亿元人民币（等值24528亿美元，不包括中国香港特区、中国澳门特区和中国台湾地区对外负债，下同）。 从期限结构看，中长期外债余额为77641亿元人民币（等值11148亿美元），占45%；短期外债余额为93184亿元人民币（等值13380亿美元），占55%。短期外债余额中，与贸易有关的信贷占38%。 从机构部门看，广义政府外债余额为30385亿元人民币（等值4363亿美元），占18%；中央银行外债余额为5673亿元人民币（等值815亿美元），占3%；银行外债余额为70367亿元人民币（等值10104亿美元），占41%；其他部门（含关联公司间贷款）外债余额为64400亿元人民币（等值9247亿美元），占38%。 从债务工具看，贷款余额为27687亿元人民币（等值3975亿美元），占16%；贸易信贷与预付款余额为26646亿元人民币（等值3826亿美元），占16%；货币与存款余额为35564亿元人民币（等值5106亿美元），占21%；债务证券余额为50945亿元人民币（等值7315亿美元），占30%；特别提款权（SDR）分配为3356亿元人民币（等值482亿美元），占2%；关联公司间贷款债务余额为21494亿元人民币（等值3086亿美元），占12%；其他债务负债余额为5133亿元人民币（等值737亿美元），占3%。 从币种结构看，本币外债余额为76280亿元人民币（等值10953亿美元），占45%；外币外债余额（含SDR分配）为94545亿元人民币（等值13575亿美元），占55%。在外币登记外债余额中，美元债务占85%，欧元债务占7%，港币债务占4%，日元债务占1%，特别提款权和其他外币外债合计占比为3%。 2022年末，我国外债负债率为13.6%，债务率为66%，偿债率为10.5%，短期外债与外汇储备的比例为42.8%，上述指标均在国际公认的安全线以内，我国外债风险总体可控。 附 名词解释及相关说明 关于外债期限结构分类。按照期限结构对外债进行分类，有两种分类方法。一是按照签约期限划分，即合同期限在一年以上的外债为中长期外债，合同期限在一年或一年以下的外债为短期外债；二是按照剩余期限划分，即在签约期限划分的基础上，将未来一年内到期的中长期外债纳入到短期外债中。本新闻稿按签约期限划分中长期外债和短期外债。 与贸易有关的信贷是一个较广义的概念，除贸易信贷与预付款外，它还包括为贸易活动提供的其他信贷。从定义上看，与贸易有关的信贷包括贸易信贷与预付款、银行贸易融资、与贸易有关的短期票据等。其中，贸易信贷与预付款是指发生在中国大陆居民与境外（含港、澳、台地区）非居民之间，由货物交易的卖方和买方之间直接提供信贷而产生对外负债，即由于商品的资金支付时间与货物所有权发生转移的时间不同而形成的债务。具体包括供应商（如境外出口商）为商品交易和服务直接提供信贷，以及购买者（如境外进口商）为商品和服务以及进行中（或准备承担）的工作预先付款；银行贸易融资是指第三方（如银行）向出口商或进口商提供的与贸易有关的贷款，如外国金融机构或出口信贷机构向买方提供的贷款。 负债率即外债余额与当年国内生产总值之比。债务率即外债余额与当年国际收支统计口径的货物与服务贸易出口收入之比。偿债率即中长期外债还本付息与短期外债付息额之和与当年国际收支统计口径的货物与服务贸易出口收入之比。负债率、债务率、偿债率、短期外债与外汇储备的比例等外债风险指标的国际公认安全线分别为20%、100%、20%和100%。 附表：中国2022年末按部门划分的外债总额头寸 2022年末 2022年末 （亿元人民币） （亿美元） 广义政府 30385 4363 短期 2470 355 货币与存款 0 0 债务证券 2470 355 贷款 0 0 贸易信贷与预付款 0 0 其他债务负债 0 0 长期 27914 4008 SDR分配 0 0 货币与存款 0 0 债务证券 24176 3471 贷款 3738 537 贸易信贷与预付款 0 0 其他债务负债 0 0 中央银行 5673 815 短期 2043 293 货币与存款 1315 189 债务证券 728 105 贷款 0 0 贸易信贷与预付款 0 0 其他债务负债 0 0 长期 3631 521 SDR分配 3356 482 货币与存款 0 0 债务证券 0 0 贷款 0 0 贸易信贷与预付款 0 0 其他债务负债 275 39 其他接受存款公司 70367 10104 短期 53880 7736 货币与存款 34235 4916 债务证券 4565 656 贷款 14653 2104 贸易信贷与预付款 0 0 其他债务负债 426 61 长期 16488 2367 货币与存款 0 0 债务证券 12529 1799 贷款 3881 557 贸易信贷与预付款 0 0 其他债务负债 78 11 其他部门 42906 6161 短期 29723 4268 货币与存款 14 2 债务证券 115 16 贷款 1795 258 贸易信贷与预付款 26180 3759 其他债务负债 1619 232 长期 13183 1893 货币与存款 0 0 债务证券 6362 913 贷款 3620 520 贸易信贷与预付款 466 67 其他债务负债 2735 393 直接投资：公司间贷款 21494 3086 直接投资企业对直接投资者的债务负债 11878 1705 直接投资者对直接投资企业的债务负债 1292 185 对关联企业的债务负债 8325 1195 外债总额头寸 170825 24528 注：1. 本表按签约期限划分长期、短期外债。 2. 本表统计采用四舍五入法。 2023-03-31/safe/2023/0330/22534.html
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日前，国家外汇管理局公布了2022年末中国外债数据。国家外汇管理局副局长、新闻发言人王春英就相关问题回答了记者提问。 问：请问2022年四季度我国外债情况如何？ 答：2022年四季度，我国外债规模小幅下降，结构保持基本稳定。截至2022年末，我国全口径（含本外币）外债余额为24528亿美元，较2022年9月末减少287亿美元，降幅1.2%。从币种结构看，本币外债占比45%，较2022年9月末上升1个百分点；从期限结构看，中长期外债占比45%，与2022年9月末持平。 问：如何看待当前我国外债形势？ 答：我国外债规模保持基本稳定。2022年以来，受美联储加息、全球通胀高位运行以及疫情等多重因素影响，我国外债规模有所下降。截至2022年末，我国全口径外债余额较2021年末减少2938亿美元，降幅10.7%。其中，汇率折算因素造成外债余额下降1046亿美元，对外债余额下降贡献度为36%。随着我国疫情防控较快平稳转段，经济运行企稳回升，2022年四季度外债降幅较2022年二、三季度大幅收窄。 我国外债风险总体可控。2022年末，我国外债负债率（外债余额与国内生产总值之比）为13.6%，债务率（外债余额与贸易出口收入之比）为66%，偿债率（外债还本付息额与贸易出口收入之比）为10.5%，短期外债与外汇储备的比例为42.8%。上述指标均在国际公认的安全线（分别为20%、100%、20%和100%）以内，我国外债风险总体可控。 预计我国外债规模将继续保持基本稳定。展望2023年，我国经济韧性强、潜力大、活力足、长期向好的基本面不会改变，随着我国经济运行持续整体好转，外债规模保持基本稳定的基础依然牢固。下一步，外汇局将继续推进跨境投融资便利化，服务实体经济高质量发展。 2023-03-31/safe/2023/0330/22532.html
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2023年3月27日，国家外汇管理局玉溪市中心支局指导中国银行玉溪市分行成功为辖内某企业办理了全省首单中小企业险保单融资业务，标志着跨境金融服务平台出口信保保单融资应用场景在云南顺利落地。该场景实现了政银保企各方数据共享，融资业务全程线上办理，申请手续简化，放款审核时间缩短至几分钟，切实提升中小微外贸企业融资便利度。 2023-03-31/yunnan/2023/0331/1064.html