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2022-12-30http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2022-12/29/content_5734143.htm
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2022-12-30http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2022-12/29/content_5734054.htm
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“在家就把业务办好了，确实方便多了！”湖北省鄂州市某货运代理有限公司负责人说。该公司是经营国际货物运输代理业务的小微企业，外汇资金入账频率高，需财务人员多次往返银行办理。外汇局鄂州市中心支局指导工行鄂州分行对照《银行外汇服务和尽职审查“两个责任”清单》中的贸易收支便利化政策，为企业开通网上银行结汇功能，帮助企业足不出户完成结汇业务操作，使多笔业务办理时间由原来2至3天缩短至几分钟，真正实现了“线上办、不跑路”。 今年以来，外汇局鄂州市中心支局围绕“服务实体、深化改革、防范风险”三大目标，实施“服务小微明责尽责”工程，印发《银行外汇服务和尽职审查“两个责任”清单》，引导辖内银行机构正确处理好促便利、防风险关系，提升中小微企业外汇服务便利化水平，支持鄂州市涉外经济高质量发展。截至10月末，该市实现外贸进出口35.6亿元，同比增长79%，增速连续多月稳居全省第二。 建清单：聚焦银行主责主业 2022年初，外汇局鄂州市中心支局聚焦外汇业务条线，逐项编制“外汇服务责任清单”和“外汇业务尽职审查责任清单”，明确具体内容、标准和要求，让“两个责任”清单成为银行办理外汇业务的“活字典”,在压实银行服务和尽职审查职责同时，解决银行不会为、不愿为和不擅为的问题。该局通过地方新媒体平台、新闻媒介宣传和走访推广等方式提升“两个责任”清单知晓度，引导银行准确把握便利化和展业审核职责边界，真正为涉外中小微企业提供优质便利的服务。 当地某银行国际业务部门负责人介绍，因外汇业务专业性强、业务分类细、政策更新快，基层网点人员对外汇业务普遍存在不会营销、不愿营销等问题。“两个责任”清单的推出，为银行做好外汇服务，规避业务风险提供了遵循，让银行可以更好地主动服务、积极作为，服务外向型经济发展。 促便利：用好用足便利化政策 “外汇服务责任清单”主要是结合近年来外汇便利化相关政策要求，将银行各类外汇服务的内容、标准和要求予以明确和细化，促进跨境贸易和投融资便利化。 该市某服装企业向中行鄂州分行申请办理一笔36万美元外汇入账业务，受疫情影响无法到柜台办理，该行结合“服务责任清单”相关要求，通过电子单证在线审核合同、发票等资料，为企业解决了资金回笼的燃眉之急。某科技公司在建行鄂州分行办理外汇入账手续时，该行审查发现企业名录信息未登记，结合“服务责任清单”相关要求，积极协助企业准备相关资料并在网上做好登记后，迅速为其办理了资金入账手续。 据外汇局鄂州市中心支局相关负责人介绍，服务责任清单的推出，对银行如何提高服务效率、改进服务质量提供了明确的操作指引。自“服务责任清单”推出实施以来，辖内银行外汇服务的意识和能力明显提升。该局也结合“纾解中小微外贸企业融资难融资贵问题专项行动”，引导辖内银行同步针对性解决中小微外贸企业“融资难”问题。截至10月末，全市新获融资外贸企业累计达66家，新获本币融资金额17.09亿元、外币融资金额22万美元，融资企业家数、融资额均较同期有明显上升。 防风险：全面压实尽职审查职责 在持续推动便利化政策落地同时，外汇局鄂州市中心支局也高度重视辖区外汇风险监管工作，牢牢守住外汇领域不发生系统性风险底线。该局及时制定“外汇业务尽职审查责任清单”，要求银行切实按照了解客户、了解业务、尽职审查等展业“三原则”要求，履行好外汇业务真实性审核职责，防范外汇业务风险。 “审查责任清单”实施以来，鄂州市银行机构自律管理、风险管控的意识显著增强。某锯业生产企业在中行鄂州分行办理一笔预收汇业务，该行按照“审查责任清单”要求进行审查，发现该企业为B类企业且已超预收额度，故告知该企业须先到外汇局办理登记后才能办理，避免了企业超额收汇的风险。某超硬材料公司向工行鄂州分行提交一笔2.45万美元信用证申请，该行一致性审查时发现货运提单中收货人与信用证不一致，经与企业沟通在客户对提单修改确认后银行才予以受理，有效防范企业贸易背景虚构风险。 目前，“两个责任”清单落实工作在鄂州市各银行中全面铺开，已累计为辖内涉外主体办理涉外收支业务1138笔，金额4622.9万美元。后期，外汇局鄂州市中心支局也将适时对清单内容进行动态更新，加大对银行责任落实的跟踪督导，有效服务小微企业发展。（金融时报 2022-12-13） 2022-12-30/hubei/2022/1223/1990.html
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见附件。 附件1：各种货币对美元折算率（2022年12月30日） 2022-12-30/safe/2022/1230/22189.html
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中国银行业对外金融资产和负债（2022年9月末） 2022-12-30/hubei/2022/1230/1989.html
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12月7日，外汇局怒江州中心支局联合泸水市商务局、泸水市外事办、农业银行怒江分行、富滇银行怒江分行召开片马口岸跨境贸易结算工作座谈会，回应了企业代表关心的国际收支统计申报、跨境资金业务办理、境外机构境内结算账户使用等问题，并就进一步规范片马口岸跨境结算业务、优化营商环境等内容进行了沟通交流。 2022-12-26/yunnan/2022/1226/1009.html
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2022-12-30http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2022-12/30/content_5734168.htm
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2022年11月，我国国际收支货物和服务贸易进出口规模39804亿元，同比下降3%。其中，货物贸易出口19425亿元，进口15914亿元，顺差3511亿元；服务贸易出口1890亿元，进口2575亿元，逆差685亿元。服务贸易主要项目为：运输服务进出口规模1688亿元，其他商业服务进出口规模889亿元，旅行服务进出口规模681亿元，电信、计算机和信息服务进出口规模504亿元。 按美元计值，2022年11月，我国国际收支货物和服务贸易出口2976亿美元，进口2581亿美元，顺差395亿美元。（完） 中国国际收支货物和服务贸易数据 2022年11月 项目 按人民币计值 （亿元） 按美元计值 （亿美元） 货物和服务贸易差额 2826 395 贷方 21315 2976 借方 -18489 -2581 1.货物贸易差额 3511 490 贷方 19425 2712 借方 -15914 -2222 2.服务贸易差额 -685 -96 贷方 1890 264 借方 -2575 -360 2.1加工服务差额 76 11 贷方 80 11 借方 -4 -1 2.2维护和维修服务差额 28 4 贷方 56 8 借方 -29 -4 2.3运输差额 -334 -47 贷方 677 94 借方 -1011 -141 2.4旅行差额 -561 -78 贷方 60 8 借方 -621 -87 2.5建设差额 52 7 贷方 88 12 借方 -36 -5 2.6保险和养老金服务差额 -60 -8 贷方 10 1 借方 -70 -10 2.7金融服务差额 9 1 贷方 28 4 借方 -20 -3 2.8知识产权使用费差额 -164 -23 贷方 39 5 借方 -203 -28 2.9电信、计算机和信息服务差额 63 9 贷方 284 40 借方 -220 -31 2.10其他商业服务差额 223 31 贷方 556 78 借方 -333 -46 2.11个人、文化和娱乐服务差额 -13 -2 贷方 4 1 借方 -18 -3 2.12别处未提及的政府货物和服务差额 -3 0 贷方 7 1 借方 -11 -1 注： 1. 本表所称国际收支货物和服务贸易与国际收支平衡表中的货物和服务口径一致，是指居民与非居民之间发生的交易。月度数据为初步数据，可能与国际收支平衡表中的季度数据不一致。 2. 国际收支货物和服务贸易数据按美元编制，当月人民币计值数据由美元数据按月均人民币对美元中间价折算得到。 3. 本表计数采用四舍五入原则。 指标解释： 国际收支货物和服务贸易：是指居民与非居民之间发生的货物贸易和服务贸易进出口，与国际收支平衡表的口径相同。 1．货物贸易: 指经济所有权在我国居民与非居民之间发生转移的货物进出口。贷方记录货物出口，借方记录货物进口。货物账户数据主要来源于海关进出口统计，但与海关统计存在以下主要区别：一是国际收支中的货物只记录所有权发生了转移的货物（如一般贸易、进料加工贸易等贸易方式的货物），所有权未发生转移的货物（如来料加工或出料加工贸易）不纳入货物统计，而纳入服务贸易统计；二是计价方面，国际收支统计要求进出口货值均按离岸价格记录，海关出口货值为离岸价格，但进口货值为到岸价格，因此国际收支统计从海关进口货值中调出国际运保费支出，并纳入服务贸易统计；三是补充了海关未统计的转手买卖下的货物净出口数据。 2．服务贸易：包括加工服务，维护和维修服务，运输，旅行，建设，保险和养老金服务，金融服务，知识产权使用费，电信、计算机和信息服务，其他商业服务，个人、文化和娱乐服务以及别处未提及的政府服务。贷方记录我国提供的服务，即服务出口；借方记录我国接受的服务，即服务进口。 2.1加工服务：又称“对他人拥有的实物投入的制造服务”，指货物的所有权没有在所有者和加工方之间发生转移，加工方仅提供加工、装配、包装等服务，并从货物所有者处收取加工服务费用。贷方记录我国居民为非居民拥有的实物提供的加工服务。借方记录我国居民接受非居民的加工服务。 2.2维护和维修服务：指居民或非居民向对方所拥有的货物和设备（如船舶、飞机及其他运输工具）提供的维修和保养工作。贷方记录我国居民向非居民提供的维护和维修服务。借方记录我国居民接受的非居民维护和维修服务。 2.3运输：指将人和物体从一地点运送至另一地点的过程以及相关辅助和附属服务，以及邮政和邮递服务。贷方记录居民向非居民提供的国际运输、邮政快递等服务。借方记录居民接受的非居民国际运输、邮政快递等服务。 2.4旅行：指旅行者在其作为非居民的经济体旅行期间消费的物品和购买的服务。贷方记录我国居民向在我国境内停留不足一年的非居民以及停留期限不限的非居民留学人员和就医人员提供的货物和服务。借方记录我国居民境外旅行、留学或就医期间购买的非居民货物和服务。 2.5建设服务：指建筑形式的固定资产的建立、翻修、维修或扩建，工程性质的土地改良、道路、桥梁和水坝等工程建筑，相关的安装、组装、油漆、管道施工、拆迁和工程管理等，以及场地准备、测量和爆破等专项服务。贷方记录我国居民在经济领土之外提供的建设服务。借方记录我国居民在我国经济领土内接受的非居民建设服务。 2.6保险和养老金服务：指各种保险服务，以及同保险交易有关的代理商的佣金。贷方记录我国居民向非居民提供的人寿保险和年金、非人寿保险、再保险、标准化担保服务以及相关辅助服务。借方记录我国居民接受非居民的人寿保险和年金、非人寿保险、再保险、标准化担保服务以及相关辅助服务。 2.7金融服务：指金融中介和辅助服务，但不包括保险和养老金服务项目所涉及的服务。贷方记录我国居民向非居民提供的金融中介和辅助服务。借方记录我国居民接受非居民的金融中介和辅助服务。 2.8知识产权使用费：指居民和非居民之间经许可使用无形的、非生产/非金融资产和专有权以及经特许安排使用已问世的原作或原型的行为。贷方记录我国居民向非居民提供的知识产权相关服务。借方记录我国居民使用的非居民知识产权服务。 2.9电信、计算机和信息服务：指居民和非居民之间的通信服务以及与计算机数据和新闻有关的服务交易，但不包括以电话、计算机和互联网为媒介交付的商业服务。贷方记录本国居民向非居民提供的电信服务、计算机服务和信息服务。借方记录本国居民接受非居民提供的电信服务、计算机服务和信息服务。 2.10其他商业服务: 指居民和非居民之间其他类型的服务，包括研发服务，专业和管理咨询服务，技术、贸易相关等服务。贷方记录我国居民向非居民提供的其他商业服务。借方记录我国居民接受的非居民其他商业服务。 2.11个人、文化娱乐服务:指居民和非居民之间与个人、文化和娱乐有关的服务交易，包括视听和相关服务（电影、收音机、电视节目和音乐录制品），其他个人、文化娱乐服务（健康、教育等）。贷方记录我国居民向非居民提供的相关服务。借方记录我国居民接受的非居民相关服务。 2.12别处未提及的政府货物和服务：指在其他货物和服务类别中未包括的政府和国际组织提供和购买的各项货物和服务。贷方记录我国居民向非居民提供的别处未涵盖的货物和服务。借方记录我国居民向非居民购买的别处未涵盖的货物和服务。 2022-12-30/safe/2022/1230/22195.html
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In November 2022, the export and import of China’s international trade in goods and services totalled RMB 3980.4 billion, down 3 percent over the same time last year. Of this, the export of goods recorded RMB 1942.5 billion and the import recorded RMB 1591.4 billion, resulting in a surplus of RMB 351.1 billion. The export of services recorded RMB 189.0 billion and the import recorded RMB 257.5 billion, resulting in a deficit of RMB 68.5 billion. In terms of the major items, the export and import of transport, other business services, travel and telecommunications, computer and information services registered RMB 168.8 billion, RMB 88.9 billion, RMB 68.1 billion and RMB 50.4 billion respectively. In the US dollar terms, in November 2022, the export and import of China’s international trade in goods and services were USD 297.6 billion and USD 258.1 billion respectively, with a surplus of USD 39.5 billion.(End) International Trade in Goods and Services of China November 2022 Item In 100 million of RMB In 100 million of USD Goods and services 2826 395 Credit 21315 2976 Debit -18489 -2581 1. Goods 3511 490 Credit 19425 2712 Debit -15914 -2222 2. Services -685 -96 Credit 1890 264 Debit -2575 -360 2.1 Manufacturing services on physical inputs owned by others 76 11 Credit 80 11 Debit -4 -1 2.2 Maintenance and repair services n.i.e 28 4 Credit 56 8 Debit -29 -4 2.3 Transport -334 -47 Credit 677 94 Debit -1011 -141 2.4 Travel -561 -78 Credit 60 8 Debit -621 -87 2.5 Construction 52 7 Credit 88 12 Debit -36 -5 2.6 Insurance and pension services -60 -8 Credit 10 1 Debit -70 -10 2.7 Financial services 9 1 Credit 28 4 Debit -20 -3 2.8 Charges for the use of intellectual property -164 -23 Credit 39 5 Debit -203 -28 2.9 Telecommunications, computer and information services 63 9 Credit 284 40 Debit -220 -31 2.10 Other business services 223 31 Credit 556 78 Debit -333 -46 2.11 Personal, cultural, and recreational services -13 -2 Credit 4 1 Debit -18 -3 2.12 Government goods and services n.i.e -3 0 Credit 7 1 Debit -11 -1 Notes: 1. The trade in goods and services in this table refers to the transactions between residents and non-residents, based on the same standard as that for BOP statement. The monthly data are preliminary and may be inconsistent with the quarterly data in the BOP statement. 2. The data on international trade in goods and services are prepared in USD, and the RMB data for the current month is derived by converting the USD data at the monthly average central parity rate of the RMB against the USD. 3. This table employs rounded-off numbers. Definition of Indicators: Goods and Services: refers to the trade in goods and services between residents and non-residents, which is based on the same standard as that for the BOP statement. 1. Goods: refers to transactions in goods whereby the economic ownership is transferred between the Chinese residents and non-residents. The credit side records export of goods, while the debit side records import of goods. The data of goods account are mainly from the customs statistics of imports and exports, but differ from the statistics of the customs mainly in the following aspects: first, the goods in the BOP statement only reflect the goods whose ownership has been transferred (e.g. goods under the trade modes such as general trade and processing trade with imported materials), while the goods whose ownership is not transferred (e.g. manufacturing services with supplied materials or with exported materials) are included in the statistics of trade in services instead of the statistics of trade in goods; second, as required by the BOP statistics, the goods imported and exported are valued on the FOB basis, but as required by the customs, the goods exported are valued on the FOB basis, whereas goods imported are on the CIF basis. Therefore, for the purpose of the BOP statistics, the international transport and insurance premiums are taken out from the value of imported goods and included in the trade in services; and third, the data on net export of goods in merchanting which are not included in the customs statistics are supplemented. 2. Services: includes manufacturing services on physical inputs owned by others, maintenance and repair services n.i.e, transport, travel, construction, insurance and pension services, financial services, charges for the use of intellectual property, telecommunications, computer and information services, other business services, personal, cultural and recreational services, and government goods and services n.i.e. The credit side records services supplied, while the debit side records services received. 2.1 Manufacturing services on physical owned by others: processor only provides processing, assembly, packaging and other services and charges service fee from the owner, while the ownership of the goods is not transferred between the owner and the processor. The credit side records the manufacturing services supplied by the Chinese residents on physical inputs owned by non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.2 Maintenance and repair services: refer to the maintenance and repair services supplied by residents to non-residents or vice versa on goods and equipment (such as vessel, aircraft, and other transportation facility) owned by the receiving party. The credit side records the maintenance and repair services supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.3 Transport: refers to the process of transporting people and goods from one place to another, and the relevant supporting and auxiliary services, as well as postal and delivery services. The credit side records the international transport, postal and delivery services supplied by residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.4 Travel: refers to goods consumed and services purchased by travelers in various economies as non-residents. The credit side records the goods and services provided by the Chinese residents to non-residents who have stayed in China for less than one year, as well as non-residents studying abroad and seeking medical treatment for indefinite period of stay. The debit side records the goods and services purchased by the Chinese residents when traveling, studying or seeking medical services abroad from non-residents. 2.5 Construction services: refer to the establishment, renovation, maintenance or expansion of fixed assets in the form of buildings, land improvement, roads, bridges and dams and other engineering buildings of engineering nature, relevant installation, assembly, painting, pipeline construction, demolition and project management,as well as site preparation, measurement and blasting and other special services. The credit side records the construction services provided by the Chinese residents outside the economic territory. The debit side records the construction services received by the Chinese residents in the Chinese economic territory from non-residents. 2.6 Insurance and pension services: refers to various insurance services and commission to agents related with insurance transaction. The credit side records the life insurance and annuity, non-lifeinsurance, reinsurance, standardized guarantee services and relevant supporting services supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.7 Financial services: refer to financial intermediation and supporting services, excluding those covered by insurance and pension services. The credit side records the financial intermediation and supporting services supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.8 Charges for the use of intellectual property: refer to licensed use of intangible, non-productive/non-financial assets and exclusive rights between residents and non-residents and the licensed use of existing original works or prototypes. The credit side records the intellectual property-related services supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.9 Telecommunications, computer and information services: refer tocommunications services between residents and non-residents and transactions of services related to computer data and news, excluding commercial services delivered via telephone, computer and Internet. The credit side records the telecommunications, computer and information services supplied by residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.10 Other business services: refer to other types of services between residents and non-residents, including research and development services, professional and management consulting services, technical and trade-related services. The credit side records the other business services supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.11 Personal, cultural and recreational services: refer to transactions of personal, cultural and recreational services between residents and non-residents, including audiovisual and related services (films, radio, television programs and music recordings) and other personal, cultural and recreational services (health, education, etc.). The credit side records the related services supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.12 Government goods and services n.i.e: refer to various goods and services provided and purchased by governments and international organizations not included in other categories of goods and services. The credit side records the goods and services not included elsewhere and supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2022-12-30/en/2022/1230/2033.html
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国家外汇管理局统计数据显示，2022年11月，中国外汇市场（不含外币对市场，下同）总计成交19.80万亿元人民币（等值2.76万亿美元）。其中，银行对客户市场成交2.94万亿元人民币（等值0.41万亿美元），银行间市场成交16.86万亿元人民币（等值2.35万亿美元）；即期市场累计成交7.90万亿元人民币（等值1.10万亿美元），衍生品市场累计成交11.90万亿元人民币（等值1.66万亿美元）。 2022年1-11月，中国外汇市场累计成交215.41万亿元人民币（等值32.20万亿美元）。 2022-12-30/safe/2022/1230/22188.html