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In September 2019, China’s international trade in goods and services recorded receipts of RMB 1668.9 billion and payments of RMB 1493.6 billion based on statistics of balance of payments (BOP), registering a surplus of RMB 175.3 billion. Specifically, trade in goods registered receipts of RMB 1529.2 billion,payments of RMB 1199.2 billion, recording a surplus of RMB 330 billion; trade in services recorded receipts of RMB 139.7 billion,payments of RMB 294.4 billion, resulting in a deficit of RMB 154.7 billion. In the US dollar terms, in September 2019, China's BOP-based receipts and payments of international trade in goods and services were USD 235.8 billion and USD 211 billion respectively, registering a surplus of USD 24.8 billion. Specifically, the receipts and payments from trade in goods were USD 216 billion and USD 169.4 billion respectively, resulting in a surplus of USD 46.6 billion. Trade in services registered receipts and payments of USD 19.7 billion and USD 41.6 billion respectively, recording a deficit of USD 21.9 billion. (End) International Trade in Goods and Services of China (Based on the BOP statistics) September 2019 Item In 100 million of RMB In 100 million of USD Goods and services 1,753 248 Credit 16,689 2358 Debit -14,936 -2110 1. Goods 3,300 466 Credit 15,292 2160 Debit -11,992 -1694 2. Services -1,547 -219 Credit 1,397 197 Debit -2,944 -416 2.1 Manufacturing services on physical inputs owned by others 94 13 Credit 96 14 Debit -3 0 2.2 Maintenance and repair services n.i.e 5 1 Credit 35 5 Debit -30 -4 2.3 Transport -375 -53 Credit 275 39 Debit -650 -92 2.4 Travel -1,206 -170 Credit 214 30 Debit -1,420 -201 2.5 Construction 20 3 Credit 65 9 Debit -45 -6 2.6 Insurance and pension services -23 -3 Credit 23 3 Debit -46 -7 2.7 Financial services 5 1 Credit 19 3 Debit -14 -2 2.8 Charges for the use of intellectual property -150 -21 Credit 41 6 Debit -191 -27 2.9 Telecommunications, computer and information services 44 6 Credit 216 30 Debit -172 -24 2.10 Other business services 87 12 Credit 399 56 Debit -312 -44 2.11 Personal, cultural, and recreational services -30 -4 Credit 4 1 Debit -34 -5 2.12Government goods and services n.i.e -18 -3 Credit 9 1 Debit -26 -4 Notes: 1. The trade in goods and services in this table refers to the transactions between residents and non-residents, based on the same standard as that for BOP statement. The monthly data are preliminary and may be inconsistent with the quarterly data in the BOP statement. 2. The data on international trade in goods and services are prepared in USD, and the RMB data for the current month is derived by converting the USD data at the monthly average central parity rate of the RMB against the USD. 3. This table employs rounded-off numbers. Definition ofIndicators: Goods and Services: refers to the trade in goods and services between residents and non-residents, which is based on the same standard as that for the BOP statement. 1. Goods:refers to transactions in goods whereby the economic ownership is transferred between the Chinese residents and non-residents. The credit side records export of goods, while the debit side records import of goods. The data of goods account are mainly from the customs statistics of imports and exports, but differ from the statistics of the customs mainly in the following aspects:first, the goods in the BOP statement only reflect the goods whose ownership has been transferred (e.g. goods under the trade modes such as general tradeand processing trade with imported materials), while the goods whose ownershipis not transferred (e.g. manufacturing services with supplied materials or with exported materials) are included in the statistics of tradein services instead of the statistics of trade in goods; second, as required by the BOP statistics, the goods imported and exported are valued on the FOB basis, but as required by the customs, the goods exported are valued on the FOB basis, whereas goods imported are on the CIF basis. Therefore, for the purpose of the BOP statistics, the international transport and insurance premiums are taken out from the value of imported goods and included in the trade inservices; and third, the data on net export of goods in merchanting which are not included in the customs statistics are supplemented. 2. Services:includes manufacturing services on physical inputs owned by others,maintenance and repair services n.i.e, transport, travel,construction, insurance and pension services, financial services, charges forthe use of intellectual property, telecommunications, computer and information services, other business services, personal, cultural and recreational services, and government goods and services n.i.e. The credit side records services supplied, while the debit side records services received. 2.1 Manufacturing services on physical owned by others: processor only provides processing, assembly, packaging and other services and charges service fee from the owner, while the ownership of the goods is not transferred between the owner and the processor. The credit side recordsthe manufacturing services supplied by the Chinese residents on physical inputs owned by non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.2 Maintenance and repair services: referto the maintenance and repair services supplied by residents to non-residentsor vice versa on goods and equipment (such as vessel, aircraft, and other transportation facility) owned by the receiving party. The credit side records the maintenance and repair services supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, andvice versa for debit side. 2.3 Transport:refers to the process of transporting people and goods from one place to another, and the relevant supporting and auxiliary services, as well as postal and delivery services. The credit side records the international transport,postal and delivery services supplied by residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.4 Travel:refers to goods consumed and services purchased by travelers in various economies as non-residents. The credit side records the goods and services provided by the Chinese residents to non-residents who have stayed in China forless than one year, as well as non-residents studying abroad and seeking medical treatment for indefinite period of stay. The debit side records the goods and services purchased by the Chinese residents when traveling, studyingor seeking medical services abroad from non-residents. 2.5 Construction services:refer to the establishment, renovation, maintenance or expansion of fixed assets in the form of buildings, land improvement, roads, bridges and dams and other engineering buildings of engineering nature, relevant installation, assembly,painting, pipeline construction, demolition and project management, as well as site preparation, measurement and blasting and other special services. The credit side records the construction services provided by the Chinese residents outside the economic territory. The debit side records the construction services received by the Chinese residents in the Chinese economic territory from non-residents. 2.6 Insuranceand pension services: refers to various insurance services and commission to agents related with insurance transaction. The credit side records the life insurance and annuity, non-lifeinsurance, reinsurance, standardized guarantee services and relevant supporting services supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debitside. 2.7 Financialservices: refer to financial intermediation and supporting services, excluding those covered by insurance and pension services. The credit side records the financial intermediation and supporting services supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.8 Chargesfor the use of intellectual property:refer to licensed use of intangible, non-productive / non-financialassets and exclusive rights between residents and non-residents and the licenseduse of existing original works or prototypes. The credit side records theintellectual property-related services supplied by the Chinese residents tonon-residents, andvice versa for debit side. 2.9 Telecommunications, computer andinformation services: refer to communications services between residents and non-residents and transactions of services related to computer data and news, excluding commercial services delivered via telephone, computer and Internet. The credit side records the telecommunications, computer and information services supplied by residents tonon-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.10 Other business services: refer to other types of services between residents and non-residents, including researchand development services, professional and management consulting services,technical and trade-related services. The credit side records the other business services supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.11 Personal,cultural and recreational services: referto transactions of personal, cultural and recreational services between residents and non-residents, including audiovisual and related services (films,radio, television programs and music recordings) and other personal, culturaland recreational services (health, education, etc.). The credit side records the related services supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debitside. 2.12Government goods and services n.i.e:refer to various goods and services provided and purchased by governments and international organizations not included in other categories of goods and services. The credit side records the goods and services not included elsewhere and supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2019-10-31/en/2019/1031/1585.html
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As at end of June 2019, China recorded RMB 13.7357 trillion in outstanding external debt denominated in both domestic and foreign currencies (equivalent to USD 1.998 trillion, excluding those of Hong Kong SAR, Macao SAR, and Taiwan Province, the same below). With respect to the term structure, the outstanding medium-and long-term external debt was RMB 5.3873 trillion (USD 783.6 billion), accounting for 39%; while the outstanding short-term external debt hit RMB 8.3484 trillion (USD 1.2144 trillion), taking up 61%, including 42% trade-related credit. In terms of institutions and sectors, the outstanding debt of government totaled RMB 1.649 trillion (USD 239.8 billion), accounting for 12%; the outstanding debt of the central bank totaled RMB 228 billion (USD 33.2 billion), accounting for 2%; the outstanding debt of banks totaled RMB 6.4175 trillion (USD 933.5 billion), taking up 47%; the outstanding debt of other sectors totaled RMB 3.9438 trillion (USD 573.7 billion), taking up 28%; the outstanding debt of inter-company lending under direct investments totaled RMB 1.4974 trillion (USD 217.8 billion), taking up 11%. In terms of debt instruments, the outstanding of loans was RMB 3.246 trillion (USD 472.2 billion), accounting for 23.5%; the outstanding of trade credit and prepayment was RMB 2.3807 trillion (USD 346.3 billion), accounting for 17%; the outstanding of currency and deposits was RMB 3.03 trillion (USD 440.7 billion), accounting for 22%; the outstanding of debt securities was RMB 3.2658 trillion (USD 475.1 billion), accounting for 24%; the Special Drawing Rights (SDR) allocation amounted to RMB 66.8 billion (USD 9.7 billion), accounting for 0.5%. The outstanding debt of inter-company lending under direct investments totaled RMB 1.4974 trillion (USD 217.8 billion), accounting for 11%; and the outstanding of other debt liabilities was RMB 249 billion (USD 36.2 billion), making up 2%. With respect to currency structures, the outstanding external debt in domestic currency totaled RMB 4.6620 trillion (USD 678.1 billion), accounting for 34%; the outstanding external debt in foreign currencies (including SDR allocation) totaled RMB 9.0737 trillion (USD 1.3199 trillion), accounting for 66%. In the total outstanding registered external debt in foreign currencies, the USD debt accounted for 83%, the Euro debt accounted for 8%, the HKD debt accounted for 5%, the JPY debt accounted for 2%, the SDR and other foreign currency-denominated external debt accounted for 2%. China’s major external debt metrics were all within the internationally recognized thresholds, indicating that the external debt risk is controllable on the whole. Appendix Definition of terms and interpretations External debt classification by term structure. There are two methods to classify the external debt by term structure. One is on the basis of the contract term, i.e. it is classified as medium- and long-term external debt if the contract term is over one year, and classified as short-term external debt if the contract term is one year or less; the other is on the basis of the remaining term, i.e., on the basis of the contract term classification method above, the medium- and long-term external debt due within one year is classified as short-term external debt. In this news release, external debt is divided into medium- and long-term external debt and short-term external debt based on the contract term. Trade-related credit is a broad concept. In addition to trade credit and prepayment, it also involves other kinds of credit provided for trade activities. As it is defined, trade-related credit includes trade credit and prepayment, bank trade financing, short-term notes related to trade, and so forth. In particular, trade credit and prepayment refer to external liability arising from directly extending credit between the seller and buyer of goods transactions, specifically transactions between residents in the Chinese Mainland and overseas non-residents (including non-residents in Hong Kong SAR, Macao SAR, and Taiwan Province), i.e., the debt incurred due to the difference between the time of payment and the time of the goods ownership transfer, which include credit directly provided by the supplier (e.g., the overseas exporter) for goods and services, and advance payments made by buyers (e.g., overseas importers) for goods, services, and on-going business (or business to be undertaken). Bank trade financing refers to trade related loans that offered by a third party (e.g., banks) to exporters or importers, for instance, loans extended by foreign financial institutions or export credit agencies to buyers. 2019-09-27/en/2019/0927/1588.html
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In accordance with the Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Foreign Exchange Administration and the Announcement No. 8 [2013] of the People's Bank of China, this is to notify relevant issues regarding further facilitating investments by foreign institutional investors in domestic interbank bond markets. I. The same foreign institutional investor may, based on its own investment management need, conduct two-way non-trading transfers between the inter-bank bonds in its bonds account invested through the Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor (QFII) program or the RMB Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor (RQFII) program (collectively known as QFII/RQFII) and those in the bonds account invested directly in the inter-bank bonds market. (1) Foreign institutional investors shall apply to China Central Depository & Clearing Co., Ltd. or Shanghai Clearing House (collectively known as depositary, custodian and settlement institutions) via their domestic QFII/RQFII custodian banks or settlement agents for direct investments for non-trading transfers of the bonds they have bought from domestic interbank bond markets. For the required materials and relevant processes, please follow the business guidelines released by the depositary, custodian and settlement institutions. (2) Subsequent transactions and exchanges after the transfer shall follow relevant management requirements of subsequent channels. (3) The depositary, custodian and settlement institutions shall regularly report non-trading transfers to the People's Bank of China. II. Funds in the same foreign institutional investor's QFII/RQFII custodian account and those in its direct investment account could be transferred in two ways directly within China. (1) The foreign institutional investor shall apply to its domestic QFII/RQFII custodian bank for transferring the fund from QFII/RQFII custody account to its direct investment account, or apply to its settlement agents for direct investment for transferring the fund from its direct investment account to its QFII/RQFII custody account. (2) Upon completion of the fund transfer between QFII/RQFII and direct investment channels, subsequent transactions and exchanges shall follow relevant management requirements of subsequent channels. III. In accordance with this circular and their own responsibilities, domestic custodian banks and settlement agents shall provide services relating to non-trading transfers and fund transfers, data reporting and monitoring with regard to the bonds bought by foreign institutional investors. The domestic custodian banks and settlement agents shall report the fund transfers by foreign institutional investors to the RMB cross-border receipts and payments information management system, in accordance with the Management Measures for the RMB Cross-border Receipts and Payments Information Management System (Yinfa No. 126 [2017]), and the Circular of the General office of the People's Bank of China on Refining the Interbank Business Data Reporting Processes in the RMB Cross-border Receipts and Payments Information Management System (Yinbanfa No. 118 [2017]). IV. Investments in domestic inter-bank bonds market made by the same foreign institutional investor through the QFII/RQFII and direct divestment channels will be filed only once with the People's Bank of China Shanghai Head Office via the investor's domestic QFII/RQFII custodian bank or settlement agent for direct investment. V. Foreign central banks, international financial organizations, sovereign wealth funds shall also follow this circular for such non-trading transfers and domestic fund transfers for bonds between QFII/RQFII and direct investment channels. VI. If a foreign institutional investor opens an account under the name of the products it manages, the products shall be the same non-legal-person products. VII. This circular will become effective as of November 15, 2019. In case of any inconsistency between existing regulations and this circular, this circular shall prevail. The People's Bank of China, State Administration of Foreign Exchange September 30, 2019 2019-10-16/en/2019/1030/1584.html
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China's External Portfolio Investment Assets (by Country or Region) at the End of 2018 2019-05-31/en/2019/0531/1580.html
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To implement the decisions and arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council to expand opening-up and create a new landscape in all-around opening-up, the People's Bank of China (PBC) and the State Administration of Foreign Exchange (SAFE) have been steadily pressing ahead with the orderly opening-up of interbank bond markets in recent years. Foreign institutional investors now can invest in China's interbank bond markets directly or through the QFII program, the RQFII program and Bond Connect. To further facilitate investments by foreign institutions and respond to high-level opening-up requirements, the PBC and the SAFE have developed the Circular on Further Facilitating Investments by Foreign Institutional Investors in Interbank Bond Markets. According to the circular, non-trading transfers will be allowed between bonds invested directly and bonds invested through the QFII or RQFII program by the same foreign investor, with direct transfers also allowed between corresponding capital accounts. Such investments by the same foreign investor through the above channels need to be filed only once. Furthermore, with approval from the State Council, the PBC and the SAFE have recently removed the restrictions on pilot countries and regions for the RQFII program, as well as on the quotas for QFIIs/RQFIIs. This shows that policies for foreign institutional investors on investing interbank markets through different channels are converged in principle. These reform initiatives have further facilitated investments by foreign institutional investors and help boost the liberalization of China's financial markets in width and depth, and in turn fuel RMB internationalization. Next, the PBC and the SAFE will continue to introduce new initiatives for optimized management in accordance with the requirements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council to support the high-level opening-up of financial markets. (The end) 2019-10-16/en/2019/1030/1583.html
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The State Administration of Foreign Exchange (SAFE) releases data on China's external portfolio investment assets (by country/region) at the end of 2018. The statistics show that China's external portfolio investment assets (excluding reserve assets) amounted to USD 498 billion by the end of 2018, including USD 270 billion in equity investments and USD 227.9 billion in bond investments. The top 5 recipients of Chinese investments were Hong Kong,the US, Cayman Islands, the British Virgin Islands and the UK, with the amount being USD 154.2 billion, USD 132 billion, USD 42.9 billion, USD 37 billion and USD 15.9 billion respectively. (End) 2019-05-31/en/2019/0531/1581.html
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List of Banks Engaging in Spot Foreign Exchange Settlement and Sales 2019-10-31/en/2019/1031/1586.html
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In the fourth quarter of 2019, China's current account registered a surplus of RMB 282.0 billion, including a surplus of RMB 864.0 billion under trade in goods, a deficit of RMB 419.6 billion under trade in services, a deficit of RMB 180.6 billion under primary income and a surplus of RMB 18.3 billion under secondary income. In the capital and financial accounts, foreign direct investment recorded a surplus of RMB 204.2 billion. In 2019,China's current account registered a surplus of RMB 1224.2 billion, including a surplus of RMB 3197.0 billion under trade in goods, a deficit of RMB 1802.7 billion under trade in services, a deficit of RMB 240.7 billion under primary income and a surplus of RMB 70.5 billion under secondary income. In the capital and financial accounts, foreign direct investment recorded a surplus of RMB 406.5 billion. In the US dollar terms, in the fourth quarter of 2019, China's current account registered a surplus of USD 40.1 billion, including a surplus of USD 122.9 billion under trade in goods, a deficit of USD 59.7 billion under trade in services, a deficit of USD 25.7 billion under primary income and a surplus of USD 2.6 billion under secondary income. In the capital and financial accounts, foreign direct investment recorded a surplus of USD 29.0 billion. In the US dollar terms, in 2019, China's current account registered a surplus of USD 177.5 billion, including a surplus of USD 462.8 billion under trade in goods, a deficit of USD 261.4 billion under trade in services, a deficit of USD 34.0 billion under primary income and a surplus of USD 10.2 billion under secondary income. In the capital and financial accounts, foreign direct investment recorded a surplus of USD 59.1 billion. In SDR terms, in the fourth quarter of 2019, China's current account registered a surplus of SDR 29.2 billion, including a surplus of SDR 89.4 billion under trade in goods, and a deficit of SDR 43.4 billion under trade in services. In the capital and financial accounts, foreign direct investment recorded a surplus of SDR 21.1 billion. In SDR terms, in 2019, China's current account registered a surplus of SDR 92.7 billion,including a surplus of SDR 239.5 billion under trade in goods, and a deficit of SDR 136.5 billion under trade in services. In the capital and financial accounts, foreign direct investment recorded a surplus of SDR 46.4 billion. (End) China's Balance of Payments ( Preliminary Data) Unit: RMB 100 million Item Line No. Q4 2019 2019 1. Current account 1 2,820 12,242 Credit 2 53,655 202,561 Debit 3 -50,835 -190,320 1. A Goods and Services 4 4,444 13,943 Credit 5 49,984 184,573 Debit 6 -45,540 -170,629 1.A.a Goods 7 8,640 31,970 Credit 8 45,358 167,727 Debit 9 -36,718 -135,757 1.A.b Services 10 -4,196 -18,027 Credit 11 4,626 16,846 Debit 12 -8,823 -34,873 1.A.b.1 Processing services 13 269 1,059 Credit 14 277 1,085 Debit 15 -8 -26 1.A.b.2 Maintenance and Repair Services 16 96 443 Credit 17 169 700 Debit 18 -73 -256 1.A.b.3 Transport 19 -1,040 -4,073 Credit 20 873 3,185 Debit 21 -1,913 -7,258 1.A.b.4 Travel 22 -3,597 -15,085 Credit 23 688 2,474 Debit 24 -4,286 -17,559 1.A.b.5 Construction 25 114 352 Credit 26 286 995 Debit 27 -172 -643 1.A.b.6 Insurance and Pension Services 28 -113 -434 Credit 29 114 332 Debit 30 -226 -766 1.A.b.7 Financial Services 31 37 102 Credit 32 83 267 Debit 33 -47 -165 1.A.b.8 Charges for the Use of Intellectual Property 34 -460 -1,914 Credit 35 113 455 Debit 36 -573 -2,369 1.A.b.9 Telecommunications, Computer, and Information Services 37 196 551 Credit 38 679 2,411 Debit 39 -483 -1,859 1.A.b.10 Other Business Services 40 368 1,338 Credit 41 1,299 4,773 Debit 42 -931 -3,435 1.A.b.11 Personal, Cultural, and Recreational Services 43 -62 -222 Credit 44 16 59 Debit 45 -78 -281 1.A.b.12 Government Goods and Services n.i.e 46 -6 -144 Credit 47 27 109 Debit 48 -33 -254 1.B Primary Income 49 -1,806 -2,407 Credit 50 3,215 16,205 Debit 51 -5,021 -18,612 1.C Secondary Income 52 183 705 Credit 53 456 1,784 Debit 54 -273 -1,079 2. Capital and Financial Accounts (Including Net Errors and Omissions for the Quarter) 55 -2,820 -590 2.1 Capital Account 56 0 -23 Credit 57 4 15 Debit 58 -4 -38 2.2. Financial Account (Including Net Errors and Omissions for the Quarter) 59 -2,820 -567 2.2.1 Financial Account (Excluding Reserve Assets, But Including Net Errors and Omissions for the Quarter) 60 -3,260 -1,929 Including: 2.2.1.1 Direct Investment 61 2,042 4,065 2.2.1.1.1 Assets 62 -1,975 -6,734 2.2.1.1.2 Liabilities 63 4,018 10,799 2.2.2 Reserve Assets 64 440 1,362 2.2.2.1 Monetary gold 65 0 0 2.2.2.2 Special drawing rights 66 -13 -34 2.2.2.3 Reserve position in the IMF 67 6 -1 2.2.2.4 Foreign exchange reserves 68 447 1,397 2.2.2.5 Other reserves 69 0 0 3. Net Errors and Omissions 70 / -11,651 Note:1. The table is compiled according to BPM6. 2."Credit" is presented as positive value while "debit" as negative value, and the balance is the sum of the"Credit" and the "Debit". All items herein refer to balances, unless marked with "Credit" or "Debit". 3. The RMB denominated BOP statement is converted from the USD denominated BOP statement for the quarter using the quarterly average central parity rate of RMB against USD. 4.The preliminary data for 2019 is the sum of the formal data of the BOP from Q1 to Q3 2019 and the preliminary data for Q42019. 5.This table employs rounded-off numbers. China's Balance of Payments ( Preliminary Data) Unit:USD100 million Item Line No. Q4 2019 2019 1. Current account 1 401 1,775 Credit 2 7,631 29,356 Debit 3 -7,230 -27,581 1. A Goods and Services 4 632 2,013 Credit 5 7,109 26,743 Debit 6 -6,477 -24,730 1.A.a Goods 7 1,229 4,628 Credit 8 6,451 24,301 Debit 9 -5,222 -19,673 1.A.b Services 10 -597 -2,614 Credit 11 658 2,442 Debit 12 -1,255 -5,056 1.A.b.1 Processing services 13 38 154 Credit 14 39 157 Debit 15 -1 -4 1.A.b.2 Maintenance and Repair Services 16 14 65 Credit 17 24 102 Debit 18 -10 -37 1.A.b.3 Transport 19 -148 -590 Credit 20 124 462 Debit 21 -272 -1,052 1.A.b.4 Travel 22 -512 -2,189 Credit 23 98 358 Debit 24 -609 -2,547 1.A.b.5 Construction 25 16 51 Credit 26 41 144 Debit 27 -24 -93 1.A.b.6 Insurance and Pension Services 28 -16 -63 Credit 29 16 48 Debit 30 -32 -111 1.A.b.7 Financial Services 31 5 15 Credit 32 12 39 Debit 33 -7 -24 1.A.b.8 Charges for the Use of Intellectual Property 34 -65 -278 Credit 35 16 66 Debit 36 -82 -344 1.A.b.9 Telecommunications, Computer, and Information Services 37 28 80 Credit 38 97 349 Debit 39 -69 -269 1.A.b.10 Other Business Services 40 52 194 Credit 41 185 692 Debit 42 -132 -498 1.A.b.11 Personal, Cultural, and Recreational Services 43 -9 -32 Credit 44 2 9 Debit 45 -11 -41 1.A.b.12 Government Goods and Services n.i.e 46 -1 -21 Credit 47 4 16 Debit 48 -5 -37 1.B Primary Income 49 -257 -340 Credit 50 457 2,355 Debit 51 -714 -2,695 1.C Secondary Income 52 26 102 Credit 53 65 259 Debit 54 -39 -156 2. Capital and Financial Accounts (Including Net Errors and Omissions for the Quarter) 55 -401 -69 2.1 Capital Account 56 0 -3 Credit 57 1 2 Debit 58 -1 -5 2.2. Financial Account (Including Net Errors and Omissions for the Quarter) 59 -401 -66 2.2.1 Financial Account (Excluding Reserve Assets, But Including Net Errors and Omissions for the Quarter) 60 -464 -259 Including: 2.2.1.1 Direct Investment 61 290 591 2.2.1.1.1 Assets 62 -281 -976 2.2.1.1.2 Liabilities 63 571 1,567 2.2.2 Reserve Assets 64 63 193 2.2.2.1 Monetary gold 65 0 0 2.2.2.2 Special drawing rights 66 -2 -5 2.2.2.3 Reserve position in the IMF 67 1 0 2.2.2.4 Foreign exchange reserves 68 64 198 2.2.2.5 Other reserves 69 0 0 3. Net Errors and Omissions 70 / -1,706 Note:1. The table is compiled according to BPM6. 2."Credit" is presented as positive value while "debit" as negative value, and the balance is the sum of the"Credit" and the "Debit". All items herein refer to balances, unless marked with "Credit" or "Debit". 3.The preliminary amount for 2019 is the sum of the formal data of the BOP from Q1 to Q3 2019 and the preliminary data for Q4 2019. 4.This table employs rounded-off numbers. China's Balance of Payments ( Preliminary Data) Unit: SDR 100 million Item Line No. Q4 2019 2019 1. Current account 1 292 927 Credit 2 5,549 15,707 Debit 3 -5,257 -14,780 1. A Goods and Services 4 460 1,030 Credit 5 5,169 14,306 Debit 6 -4,710 -13,276 1.A.a Goods 7 894 2,395 Credit 8 4,691 12,974 Debit 9 -3,797 -10,579 1.A.b Services 10 -434 -1,365 Credit 11 478 1,332 Debit 12 -912 -2,697 1.A.b.1 Processing services 13 28 84 Credit 14 29 86 Debit 15 -1 -2 1.A.b.2 Maintenance and Repair Services 16 10 42 Credit 17 18 61 Debit 18 -8 -19 1.A.b.3 Transport 19 -108 -306 Credit 20 90 250 Debit 21 -198 -555 1.A.b.4 Travel 22 -372 -1,167 Credit 23 71 195 Debit 24 -443 -1,362 1.A.b.5 Construction 25 12 30 Credit 26 30 80 Debit 27 -18 -50 1.A.b.6 Insurance and Pension Services 28 -12 -35 Credit 29 12 26 Debit 30 -23 -62 1.A.b.7 Financial Services 31 4 9 Credit 32 9 22 Debit 33 -5 -13 1.A.b.8 Charges for the Use of Intellectual Property 34 -48 -149 Credit 35 12 36 Debit 36 -59 -186 1.A.b.9 Telecommunications, Computer, and Information Services 37 20 43 Credit 38 70 186 Debit 39 -50 -144 1.A.b.10 Other Business Services 40 38 109 Credit 41 134 376 Debit 42 -96 -267 1.A.b.11 Personal, Cultural, and Recreational Services 43 -6 -17 Credit 44 2 5 Debit 45 -8 -22 1.A.b.12 Government Goods and Services n.i.e 46 -1 -7 Credit 47 3 9 Debit 48 -3 -16 1.B Primary Income 49 -187 -161 Credit 50 332 1,261 Debit 51 -519 -1,421 1.C Secondary Income 52 19 58 Credit 53 47 140 Debit 54 -28 -82 2. Capital and Financial Accounts (Including Net Errors and Omissions for the Quarter) 55 -292 18 2.1 Capital Account 56 0 -1 Credit 57 0 1 Debit 58 0 -2 2.2. Financial Account (Including Net Errors and Omissions for the Quarter) 59 -292 18 2.2.1 Financial Account (Excluding Reserve Assets, But Including Net Errors and Omissions for the Quarter) 60 -337 -10 Including: 2.2.1.1 Direct Investment 61 211 464 2.2.1.1.1 Assets 62 -204 -541 2.2.1.1.2 Liabilities 63 415 1,005 2.2.2 Reserve Assets 64 45 29 2.2.2.1 Monetary gold 65 0 0 2.2.2.2 Special drawing rights 66 -1 -2 2.2.2.3 Reserve position in the IMF 67 1 2 2.2.2.4 Foreign exchange reserves 68 46 28 2.2.2.5 Other reserves 69 0 0 3. Net Errors and Omissions 70 / -945 Notes:1. The table is compiled according to BPM6. 2."Credit" is presented as positive value while "debit" as negative value, and the balance is the sum of the"Credit" and the "Debit". All items herein refer to balances, unless marked with "Credit" or "Debit". 3.The SDR denominated quarterly BOP statement is converted from the USD denominated BOPstatement for the quarter using the quarterly average exchange rate of SDR against USD. 4.The preliminary datafor 2019 is the sum of the formal data of the BOP from Q1 to Q3 2019 and the preliminary data for Q42019. 5.This table employs rounded-off numbers. 2020-02-14/en/2020/0214/1629.html
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In December 2019, China’s international trade in goods and services recorded receipts of RMB 1812.7 billion and payments of RMB 1614 billion based on statistics of balance of payments (BOP), registering a surplus of RMB 198.7 billion. Specifically, trade in goods registered receipts of RMB 1630.3 billion, payments of RMB 1285.4 billion, recording a surplus of RMB 345 billion; trade in services recorded receipts of RMB 182.4 billion, payments of RMB 328.6 billion, resulting in a deficit of RMB 146.3 billion. In the US dollar terms, in December 2019, China's BOP-based receipts and payments of international trade in goods and services were USD 258.5 billion and USD 230.2 billion respectively, registering a surplus of USD 28.3 billion. Specifically, the receipts and payments from trade in goods were USD 232.5billion and USD 183.3billion respectively, resulting in a surplus of USD 49.2 billion.Trade in services registered receipts and payments of USD 26 billion and USD 46.9 billion respectively, recording a deficit of USD 20.9 billion. (End) InternationalTrade in Goods and Services of China (Based on the BOP statistics) December2019 Item In 100 million of RMB In 100 million of USD Goods and services 1,987 283 Credit 18,127 2,585 Debit -16,140 -2,302 1. Goods 3,450 492 Credit 16,303 2,325 Debit -12,854 -1,833 2. Services -1,463 -209 Credit 1,824 260 Debit -3,286 -469 2.1Manufacturing services on physical inputs owned by others 104 15 Credit 107 15 Debit -3 -0 2.2Maintenance and repair services n.i.e 39 6 Credit 79 11 Debit -39 -6 2.3Transport -367 -52 Credit 325 46 Debit -692 -99 2.4Travel -1,318 -188 Credit 209 30 Debit -1,527 -218 2.5Construction 67 10 Credit 134 19 Debit -67 -10 2.6Insurance and pension services -27 -4 Credit 55 8 Debit -82 -12 2.7Financial services 20 3 Credit 43 6 Debit -23 -3 2.8Charges for the use of intellectual property -179 -26 Credit 45 6 Debit -224 -32 2.9Telecommunications, computer and information services 100 14 Credit 294 42 Debit -194 -28 2.10Other business services 119 17 Credit 516 74 Debit -397 -57 2.11Personal, cultural, and recreational services -24 -3 Credit 7 1 Debit -31 -4 2.12Government goods and services n.i.e 2 0 Credit 10 1 Debit -8 -1 Notes: 1. The trade in goods and services in this table refers to the transactions between residents and non-residents, based on the same standard as that for BOP statement. The monthly data are preliminary and may be inconsistent with the quarterly data in the BOP statement. 2. The data on international trade in goods and services are prepared in USD, and the RMB data for the current month is derived by converting the USD data at the monthly average central parity rate of the RMB against the USD. 3. This table employs rounded-off numbers. Definition of Indicators: Goods and Services: refers to the trade in goods and services between residents and non-residents, which is based on the same standard as that for the BOP statement. 1. Goods: refers to transactions in goods whereby the economic ownership is transferred between the Chinese residents and non-residents. The credit side records export of goods, while the debit side records import of goods. The data of goods account are mainly from the customs statistics of imports and exports, but differ from the statistics of the customs mainly in the following aspects: first, the goods in the BOP statement only reflect the goods whose ownership has been transferred (e.g. goods under the trade modes such as general trade and processing trade with imported materials), while the goods whose ownership is not transferred (e.g. manufacturing services with supplied materials or with exported materials) are included in the statistics of trade in services instead of the statistics of trade in goods; second, as required by the BOP statistics, the goods imported and exported are valued on the FOB basis, but as required by the customs, the goods exported are valued on the FOB basis, whereas goods imported are on the CIF basis. Therefore, for the purpose of the BOP statistics, the international transport and insurance premiums are taken out from the value of imported goods and included in the trade inservices; and third, the data on net export of goods in merchanting which are not included in the customs statistics are supplemented. 2. Services: includes manufacturing services on physical inputs owned by others, maintenance and repair services n.i.e, transport, travel,construction, insurance and pension services, financial services, charges for the use of intellectual property, telecommunications, computer and information services, other business services, personal, cultural and recreationalservices, and government goods and services n.i.e. The credit side records services supplied, while the debit side records services received. 2.1 Manufacturing services on physical owned by others: processor only provides processing, assembly, packaging and other services and chargesservice fee from the owner, while the ownership of the goods is not transferred between the owner and the processor. The credit side recordsthe manufacturingservices supplied by the Chinese residents on physical inputs owned by non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.2 Maintenance and repair services: refer to the maintenance and repair services supplied by residents to non-residentsor vice versa on goods and equipment (such as vessel, aircraft, and other transportation facility) owned by the receiving party. The credit side records the maintenance and repair services supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.3 Transport: refers to the process of transporting people and goods from one place toanother, and the relevant supporting and auxiliary services, as well as postaland delivery services. The credit side records the international transport, postal and delivery services supplied by residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debitside. 2.4 Travel:refers to goods consumed and services purchased by travelers in various economies as non-residents. The credit side records the goods and services provided by the Chinese residents to non-residents who have stayed in China for less than one year, as well as non-residents studying abroad and seeking medical treatment for indefinite period of stay. The debit side records the goods and services purchased by the Chinese residents when traveling, studying or seeking medical services abroad from non-residents. 2.5 Construction services: refer to the establishment, renovation, maintenance or expansion of fixed assets in the form of buildings, land improvement, roads, bridges and dams and other engineering buildings of engineering nature, relevant installation, assembly, painting, pipeline construction, demolition and project management,as well as site preparation, measurement and blasting and other specialservices. The credit side records the construction services provided by the Chinese residents outside the economic territory. The debit side records the construction services received by the Chinese residents in the Chinese economic territory from non-residents. 2.6 Insurance and pension services: refers tovarious insurance services and commission to agents related with insurancetransaction. The credit side records the life insurance and annuity, non-life insurance, reinsurance, standardized guarantee services and relevant supporting services supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debitside. 2.7 Financial services: refer to financial intermediation and supporting services, excluding those covered by insurance and pension services. The credit side records the financial intermediation and supportingservices supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.8 Charges for the use of intellectual property: refer to licensed use of intangible, non-productive/non-financial assets and exclusive rights between residents and non-residents and the licensed use of existing original works or prototypes. The credit side records the intellectual property-related services supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.9 Telecommunications, computer andinformation services: refer to communications services between residents and non-residents and transactions of services related to computer data and news, excluding commercial services delivered via telephone, computer and Internet. The credit side records the telecommunications, computer and information services supplied by residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.10 Other business services: refer to other types of services between residents and non-residents, including research and development services, professional and management consulting services, technical and trade-related services. The credit side records the other business services supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.11 Personal, cultural and recreational services: referto transactions of personal, cultural and recreational services between residents and non-residents, including audiovisual and related services (films, radio, television programs and music recordings) and other personal, cultural and recreational services (health, education, etc.). The credit side records the related services supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debitside. 2.12Government goods and services n.i.e: refer to various goods and services provided and purchased by governments and international organizations not included in other categories of goods andservices. The credit side records the goods and services not included elsewhere and supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2020-02-03/en/2020/0203/1627.html
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The National Foreign Exchange Administration Working Conference was held in Beijing recently. Based on the guiding principles of the Party's 19th National Congress, the second, third and fourth plenary sessions of its 19th Central Committee and the Central Economic Working Conference, the work done in foreign exchange administration for 2019 was reviewed, the current situation of foreign exchange markets was analyzed, and the tasks in foreign exchange administration for 2020 were studied and arranged. Pan Gongsheng, Secretary of the CPC Leadership and Administrator of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange (SAFE) delivered a report on foreign exchange administration. The meeting pointed out that, in the face of increasing risks and challenges in and outside China in 2019, foreign exchange authorities, guided by Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and following the decisions and arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, the unified leadership and deployment of Financial Stability and Development Committee and the instructions of the Party Committee of the People's Bank of China (PBC), deepened foreign exchange reform and opening up, supported the growth of the real economy, guarded against risks arising from cross-border capital flows, ensured the basic equilibrium of the balance of payments and safeguarded the national economic and financial security. First, upholding the Party's political work, we were committed to strengthening Party building. Based on Secretary General Xi Jinping's instructions and requirements, and the decisions and arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, we held activities about keeping in mind our Party's founding mission, kept up efforts to clean up undesirable work styles and tightened discipline to build professional teams of high-quality officials. Second, we deepened reform and opening up in foreign exchange administration, pushed forward with reforms that delegate power, improve regulation, and upgrade services to serve the high-quality growth of the real economy. Approved by the State Council executive meeting, we launched 12 initiatives for foreign trade and investment facilitation. We provided support for the development of new trade formats, and trading and investing activities along the Belt and Road route. We boosted the liberalization of the capital account, removed the investment quota restrictions on qualified foreign investors, facilitated investments in China's interbank bond markets by foreign institutional investors, carried out a pilot program on foreign exchange settlements and sales by securities companies. We also launched the cross-border financial blockchain service platform. Third, we guarded against risks associated with cross-border capital flows and effectively ensured the stability of foreign exchange markets. Following the macro-prudential administration policy, we adjusted cross-border capital flows against business cycles and based on market changes, and cracked down on underground banks and other violations. Fourth, we improved the operations and management of foreign exchange reserves, enabling steady rise of such reserves. Despite the complex circumstances, we successfully ensured the security and flows of foreign exchange reserve assets and the preservation and growth of their value. The meeting stressed that the year 2020 is the last year for building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and of the 13th Five-year Plan period. Foreign exchange authorities, guided by Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, should implement the guiding principles of the Party's 19th National Congress and the second, third and fourth plenary sessions of its 19th Central Committee, and the decisions and arrangements of the Central Economic Working Conference. We should further understand the need to maintain political integrity, think in big-picture terms, follow the leadership core, and keep in alignment. We should strengthen their confidence in the path, theory, system, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics. We should resolutely uphold General Secretary Xi Jinping's core position on the Party Central Committee and in the Party as a whole, and resolutely uphold the Party Central Committee's authority and its centralized, unified leadership. Adhering to the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and following the requirements of "Four Cardinal Principles" and "Six Stabilities", we need to improve the foreign exchange administration systems and mechanisms that meet the requirements for state governance capability modernization, converting the systemic advantages from the Party's leadership in economic tasks into governance effectiveness, so as to strive for the victory of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and of the 13th Five-year Plan. The meeting also identified the priorities of foreign exchange administration in 2020. First, we will further exercise full and rigorous self-discipline among Party members and embed the Party's leadership in all aspects and stages of foreign exchange administration. Putting the Party's political work first, we will deepen knowledge by innovating theories, implement the decisions and arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, solidify the impact of themed education programs and build professional teams of high-quality officials with loyalty, integrity and a strong sense of responsibility. By performing the "Two Responsibilities", we will build ourselves into role model organs that the CPC Central Committee find trustworthy and the general public are satisfied with. Second, we will adapt to the requirements of state governance capability modernization, and refine the two-pronged administration framework of "macro prudence + micro monitoring" for foreign exchange markets to ensure the balance of payments will be in basic equilibrium. Macro prudence is intended to maintain stability in foreign exchange markets and prevent systematic financial risks. Micro monitoring is to ensure orderly foreign exchange markets by focusing on authenticity verification, behavioral monitoring and micro-prudential regulation of players and their behaviors in foreign exchange markets. Third, we will deepen foreign exchange reform and opening up to serve the new patterns of opening up on all fronts. We will implement the 12 facilitation initiatives adopted by the State Council executive meeting. We will push forward with the liberalization of the capital account, and support connectivity and two-way opening up in the financial market to boost liberalization, facilitation and high-quality growth of trade and investment. We will underpin the development of new trade formats, propelling the construction of the cross-border financial blockchain service platform. We will press ahead with reforms that delegate power, improve regulation, and upgrade services, and support pilot reforms of foreign exchange administration, such as pilot free trade zones, Hainan free trade port, and the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, to build open and competitive foreign exchange markets. Fourth, we will fend off external shocks and risks to ensure economic and financial security in China. We will deep dive on the impacts of external shocks on China's trade and investment, balance of payments structure, and cross-border capital flows and enrich the policy toolkits. We will spread the financial neutrality concept to enterprises. We will refine the laws and regulations for foreign exchange wholesale markets, building and improving off-site regulation and on-site inspection mechanisms for the wholesales markets. We will crack down on violations in foreign exchange markets to ensure the consistency, stability and foreseeableness of enforcement standards across business cycles, and maintain orderly foreign exchange markets. We will also advance the construction of digital and secure platforms for foreign exchange administration. Fifth, we will intensify the operations and management of foreign exchange reserves for further modernization. We will prudently boost diversified use of foreign exchange reserves to serve the high-quality development of the Belt and Road and ensure the security and flows of foreign exchange reserve assets and the preservation and growth of their value. Attendees include members of the Party Leadership, chief accountant and chief economist of the SAFE, as well as leaders of the branches (foreign exchange administrative departments), departments and units of the SAFE. 2020-01-05/en/2020/0105/1631.html