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跨境移动支付及数字人民币跨境业务国际收支统计申报政策问答 2025-03-20/hebei/2025/0320/2351.html
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As at the end of 2024, China recorded RMB 17.3947 trillion in outstanding external debt denominated in both domestic and foreign currencies (equivalent to USD 2419.8 billion,excluding those of Hong Kong SAR, Macao SAR, and Taiwan Province of China, the same below). In terms of maturity structure, the outstanding medium-and long-term external debt was RMB 7642.0 billion (equivalent to USD 1063.1 billion), accounting for 44 percent; while the outstanding short-term external debt was RMB 9752.7 billion (equivalent to USD 1356.7 billion), taking up 56 percent,of which 36 percent was trade-related credit. In terms of institutional sectors, the outstanding debt of general government totaled RMB 2924.7 billion (equivalent to USD 406.9 billion), accounting for 17percent; the outstanding debt of the central bank totaled RMB 785.4 billion (equivalent to USD 109.2 billion), accounting for 5 percent; the outstanding debt of banks totaled RMB 7342.3 billion (equivalent to USD 1021.4 billion), accounting for 42 percent; the outstanding debt of other sectors (including inter-company lending under direct investments) totaled RMB 6342.3 billion (equivalent to USD 882.3 billion), accounting for 36 percent. In terms of debt instruments, the balance of loans was RMB 2420.3 billion (equivalent to USD 336.7 billion), accounting for 14 percent; the outstanding trade credits and advances was RMB 2880.4 billion (equivalent to USD 400.7 billion), accounting for 17 percent; the outstanding currency and deposits was RMB 3124.0 billion (equivalent to USD 434.6 billion), accounting for 18 percent; the outstanding debt securities was RMB 6010.4 billion (equivalent to USD 836.1 billion), accounting for 34 percent; the Special Drawing Rights (SDR) allocation amounted to RMB 339.4 billion (equivalent to USD 47.2billion), accounting for 2 percent; the balance of inter-company lending under direct investments totaled RMB 1764.6 billion (equivalent to USD 245.5 billion), accounting for 10 percent; and the balance of other debt liabilities was RMB 855.6 billion (equivalent to USD 119.0 billion), accounting for 5 percent. With respect to currency structures, the outstanding external debt in domestic currency totaled RMB 8713.6 billion (equivalent to USD 1212.2 billion), accounting for 50 percent; the outstanding external debt in foreign currencies (including SDR allocation) totaled RMB 8681.1 billion (equivalent to USD 1207.6 billion), accounting for 50 percent. In the outstanding registered external debt in foreign currencies, the USD debt accounted for 80 percent, the Euro debt accounted for 8 percent, the JPY debt accounted for 5 percent, the HKD debt accounted for 4 percent，the SDR and other foreign currency-denominated external debt accounted for 3 percent. As at the end of 2024，the liability ratio was 12.8 percent, the debt ratio was 63.8 percent, the debt servicing ratio was 6.5 percent, and the ratio of short-term external debt toforeign exchange reserves was 42.4 percent. China's major external debt indicators were all within the internationally recognized thresholds, indicating that the external debt risk is controllable. Appendix Definitionof terms and interpretations External debt classificationby maturity structure. There are two methods to classify the external debt by maturity structure. Oneis on the basis of the contractual maturity, i.e. it is classified as medium- and long-term external debt if the contractual maturity is over one year, and classified as short-term external debt if the contractual maturity is one year or less; the other is on the basis of the remaining maturity, i.e., on the basis of the contractual maturity classification method above, the medium- and long-term external debt due within one year is classified as short-term external debt. In this news release, external debt is divided into medium- and long-term external debt and short-term external debt based on the contractual maturity. Trade-related credit is a broad concept. In addition to trade credit and advances, it also involves other kinds of credit provided for trade activities. According to its definition, trade-related credit includes trade credit and advances, bank trade financing, trade related bills, and so forth. In particular, trade credit and advances refer to external liability arising from directly extending credit between the seller and buyer of goods transactions, specifically transactions between residents in the Chinese Mainland and overseas non-residents (including non-residents in Hong Kong SAR, Macao SAR,and Taiwan Province of China), i.e., the debt incurred due to the difference between the time of payment and the time of the goods ownership transfer, which include credit directly provided by the supplier (e.g., the overseas exporter) for goods and services, and prepayments made by buyers (e.g., overseas importers) for goods, services, and work that is in progress (or work to be undertaken). Bank trade financing refers to trade related loans that offered by a third party (e.g., banks) to exporters or importers, for instance, loans extended by foreign financial institutions or export credit agencies to buyers. Liability ratio refers to the ratio of outstanding external debt as of the end of the year to the GDP for the year. Debt ratio refers to the ratio of the outstanding external debt as of the end of the year to the export revenue from trade in goods and services for the year. Debt servicing ratio refers to the ratio of the repayment of the principal and payment of interest on external debt for the year (the sum of the repayment of the principal and payment of interest on medium- and long-term external debt and the payment of the interest of short-term external debt) to the export revenue from trade in goods and services for the year. The internationally recognized thresholds for external debt risk indicators - liability ratio, debt ratio, debt servicing ratio and ratio of short-term external debt to foreign exchange reserves are 20 percent,100 percent, 20 percent and 100 percent respectively. Annexed table：China’s Gross External Debt Position by Sector, End of 2024 End of 2024 End of 2024 （Unit:100 million RMB） （Unit:100 million US dollars） General Government 29247 4069 Short-term 1149 160 Currency and deposits 0 0 Debt securities 1149 160 Loans 0 0 Trade credit and advances 0 0 Other debt liabilities 0 0 Long-term 28098 3909 Special drawing rights (allocations) 0 0 Currency and deposits 0 0 Debt securities 24290 3379 Loans 3808 530 Trade credit and advances 0 0 Other debt liabilities 0 0 Central Bank 7854 1092 Short-term 2796 389 Currency and deposits 1396 194 Debt securities 1400 195 Loans 0 0 Trade credit and advances 0 0 Other debt liabilities 0 0 Long-term 5058 703 Special drawing rights (allocations) 3394 472 Currency and deposits 0 0 Debt securities 0 0 Loans 0 0 Trade credit and advances 0 0 Other debt liabilities 1663 231 Other Depository Corporations 73423 10214 Short-term 57154 7951 Currency and deposits 29835 4150 Debt securities 13071 1818 Loans 13470 1874 Trade credit and advances 0 0 Other debt liabilities 779 109 Long-term 16269 2263 Currency and deposits 0 0 Debt securities 12808 1782 Loans 3381 470 Trade credit and advances 0 0 Other debt liabilities 80 11 Other Sectors 45777 6368 Short-term 32772 4559 Currency and deposits 10 1 Debt securities 207 29 Loans 1079 150 Trade credit and advances 28300 3937 Other debt liabilities 3177 442 Long-term 13005 1809 Currency and deposits 0 0 Debt securities 7179 999 Loans 2466 343 Trade credit and advances 504 70 Other debt liabilities 2856 397 Direct Investment: Intercompany Lending 17646 2455 Debt liabilities of direct investment enterprises to direct investors 9228 1284 Debt liabilities of direct investors to direct investment enterprises 1531 213 Debt liabilities to fellow enterprises 6887 958 Gross External Debt Position 173947 24198 Notes: 1. The short-term and long-term herein are broken down by contractual (original) maturity. 2. The data in this table have been rounded off. 2025-03-28/en/2025/0328/2297.html
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3月12日，国家外汇管理局党组书记、局长朱鹤新主持召开党组（扩大）会议，传达学习习近平总书记在全国两会期间重要讲话精神和全国两会精神，研究部署贯彻落实工作。国家外汇管理局党组成员出席会议。 会议认为，习近平总书记在全国两会期间发表重要讲话，就发展新质生产力、推动科技创新和产业创新、强化教育对科技和人才支撑作用、推进强军建设等作出重要论述。习近平总书记的重要讲话高屋建瓴、思想深邃、内涵丰富、催人奋进，具有很强的政治性、思想性、针对性、指导性，为做好外汇管理工作指明了前进方向、提供了根本遵循。外汇管理系统要把思想和行动统一到习近平总书记重要讲话精神上来，深刻领悟“两个确立”的决定性意义，坚决做到“两个维护”，以实际行动当好贯彻党中央决策部署的执行者、行动派、实干家。 会议强调，要深入学习贯彻习近平总书记重要讲话精神，认真落实《政府工作报告》明确的重点工作，以更加强烈的担当、更加积极的作为，扎实做好今年各项工作。一是推动外汇领域深层次改革和高水平开放。以支持科技创新为重点，继续做好金融“五篇大文章”。积极稳外贸稳外资，推动贸易便利化政策优化扩围，提升贸易新业态外汇业务便利化水平，推进外商直接投资外汇管理改革，完善跨国公司资金池政策。以银行外汇展业改革为抓手，不断提升跨境贸易和投融资便利化水平。二是防范外部风险冲击。完善跨境资金流动监测预警体系，加强外汇市场逆周期调节和预期管理，保持人民币汇率在合理均衡水平上基本稳定，维护国际收支基本平衡。三是构建更加完备有效的外汇监管体系。加强非现场监管能力建设，充分运用科技手段提升监管效能，严厉打击外汇领域违法违规活动，维护外汇市场健康秩序。四是推进外汇储备经营管理高质量发展，保障外汇储备资产安全、流动和保值增值。五是纵深推进全面从严治党。从严从实抓好巡视整改，扎实开展深入贯彻中央八项规定精神学习教育，坚定不移推进党风廉政建设和反腐败斗争，建设高素质专业化干部人才队伍。 会议要求，要按照《国务院2025年重点工作分工方案》，细化措施加快落实，与各种不确定因素抢时间，紧抓快干、靠前发力。要高质量做好全国两会建议提案办理工作，主动加强与人大代表、政协委员沟通，坚持同题共答、同向发力，进一步破解难题、凝聚共识。 国家外汇管理局总会计师，驻人民银行纪检监察组负责同志，局机关各部门、各事业单位主要负责同志列席会议。 2025-03-20/gansu/2025/0320/2135.html
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日前，国家外汇管理局公布了2025年2月银行代客涉外收付款和结售汇数据。国家外汇管理局副局长、新闻发言人李斌就2025年2月外汇收支形势回答了记者提问。 问：2025年2月我国外汇收支形势有何变化？ 答：2月外汇市场运行平稳，跨境资金呈现净流入。2月企业、个人等非银行部门跨境收支顺差290亿美元。从主要渠道看，一是我国外贸平稳发展，货物贸易项下跨境资金净流入648亿美元，继续处于历史同期较高水平。二是国内经济回升向好和科技发展提振市场信心，2月外资净增持境内债券和股票合计达127亿美元。三是服务贸易、投资收益资金流出处于季节性低位。2月银行结售汇差额趋向基本均衡，衡量企业、个人购汇意愿的购汇率明显回落，市场预期和交易保持理性有序，境内外汇供求总体平衡。 展望未来，我国外汇市场将继续保持平稳运行。一是我国扎实推进高质量发展，实施更加积极有为的宏观政策，大力提振消费，积极扩大有效投资，因地制宜发展新质生产力，稳定预期、激发活力，将推动经济持续回升向好。二是高水平对外开放稳步推进，稳定外贸发展，鼓励外商投资，有助于促进跨境资金均衡流动。三是我国外汇市场更加成熟、富有韧性，“宏观审慎+微观监管”两位一体管理框架不断完善，防范化解外部冲击的能力进一步提升。 2025-03-20/gansu/2025/0320/2138.html
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为贯彻落实党的二十届三中全会和中央经济工作会议精神，提升金融稳外贸稳外资服务质效，日前，中国人民银行、国家外汇管理局决定，在天津、河北、内蒙古、黑龙江、安徽、福建、山东、湖北、湖南、广西、重庆、四川、贵州、云南、新疆、厦门等省市进一步扩大跨国公司本外币一体化资金池业务试点，便利跨国公司企业跨境资金统筹使用。 内容主要包括：一是允许跨国公司根据宏观审慎原则自行决定外债和境外放款的集中比例；二是允许跨国公司通过国内资金主账户办理境外成员企业本外币集中收付业务；三是进一步便利跨国公司以人民币开展跨境收支业务；四是不涉及外债和境外放款额度的资本项目变更等业务可以由银行直接办理。 下一步，中国人民银行、国家外汇管理局将加力推进外汇领域制度型开放，加快推动跨国公司跨境资金管理政策提质扩面，不断提升跨境贸易和投融资便利化水平，更好服务实体经济高质量发展。 2025-03-20/gansu/2025/0320/2134.html
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国家外汇管理局统计数据显示，截至2025年2月末，我国外汇储备规模为32272亿美元，较1月末上升182亿美元，升幅为0.57%。 2025年2月，受主要经济体宏观政策和经济数据、主要央行货币政策预期等因素影响，美元指数下跌，全球金融资产价格涨跌互现。汇率折算和资产价格变化等因素综合作用，当月外汇储备规模上升。我国经济基础稳、优势多、韧性强、潜能大，有利于外汇储备规模保持基本稳定。 2025-03-20/gansu/2025/0320/2133.html
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