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In October 2019, China’s international trade in goods and services recorded receipts of RMB 1617.7 billion and payments of RMB 1415.8 billion based on statistics of balance of payments (BOP), registering a surplus of RMB 201.9 billion. Specifically, trade in goods registered receipts of RMB 1484.6 billion,payments of RMB 1156.1 billion, recording a surplus of RMB 328.6 billion; trade in services recorded receipts of RMB 133.1 billion,payments of RMB 259.8 billion, resulting in a deficit of RMB 126.7 billion. In the US dollar terms, in October 2019, China's BOP-based receipts and payments of international trade in goods and services were USD 228.8 billion and USD 200.3 billion respectively, registering a surplus of USD 28.6 billion. Specifically, the receipts and payments from trade in goods were USD 210 billion and USD 163.5 billion respectively, resulting in a surplus of USD 46.5 billion. Trade in services registered receipts and payments of USD 18.8 billion and USD 36.7 billion respectively, recording a deficit of USD 17.9 billion. (End) International Trade in Goods and Services of China (Based on the BOP statistics) October2019 Item In 100 million of RMB In 100 million of USD Goods and services 2,019 286 Credit 16,177 2288 Debit -14,158 -2003 1. Goods 3,286 465 Credit 14,846 2100 Debit -11,561 -1635 2. Services -1,267 -179 Credit 1,331 188 Debit -2,598 -367 2.1 Manufacturing services on physical inputs owned by others 86 12 Credit 88 12 Debit -2 0 2.2 Maintenance and repair services n.i.e 33 5 Credit 48 7 Debit -15 -2 2.3 Transport -327 -46 Credit 252 36 Debit -579 -82 2.4 Travel -1,071 -151 Credit 218 31 Debit -1,289 -182 2.5 Construction 24 3 Credit 72 10 Debit -48 -7 2.6 Insurance and pension services -44 -6 Credit 25 4 Debit -69 -10 2.7 Financial services 7 1 Credit 20 3 Debit -13 -2 2.8 Charges for the use of intellectual property -137 -19 Credit 33 5 Debit -170 -24 2.9 Telecommunications, computer and information services 57 8 Credit 193 27 Debit -136 -19 2.10 Other business services 128 18 Credit 369 52 Debit -241 -34 2.11 Personal, cultural, and recreational services -18 -3 Credit 4 1 Debit -22 -3 2.12Government goods and services n.i.e -5 -1 Credit 8 1 Debit -13 -2 Notes: 1. The trade in goods and services in this table refers to the transactions between residents and non-residents, based on the same standard as that for BOP statement. The monthly data are preliminary and may be inconsistent with the quarterly data in the BOP statement. 2. The data on international trade in goods and services are prepared in USD, and the RMB data for the current month is derived by converting the USD data at the monthly average central parity rate of the RMB against the USD. 3. This table employs rounded-off numbers. Definition of Indicators: Goods and Services: refers to the trade in goods and services between residents and non-residents, which is based on the same standard as that for the BOP statement. 1. Goods:refers to transactions in goods whereby the economic ownership is transferred between the Chinese residents and non-residents. The credit side records export of goods, while the debit side records import of goods. The data of goods account are mainly from the customs statistics of imports and exports, but differ from the statistics of the customs mainly in the following aspects:first, the goods in the BOP statement only reflect the goods whose ownershiphas been transferred (e.g. goods under the trade modes such as general tradeand processing trade with imported materials), while the goods whose ownershipis not transferred (e.g. manufacturing services with supplied materials or with exported materials) are included in the statistics of trade in services instead of the statistics of trade in goods; second, as required by the BOP statistics, the goods imported and exported are valued on the FOB basis, but as required by the customs, the goods exported are valued on the FOB basis, whereas goods imported are on the CIF basis. Therefore, for the purpose of the BOP statistics, the international transport and insurance premiums are taken out from the value of imported goods and included in the trade in services; and third, the data on net export of goods in merchanting which are not included in the customs statistics are supplemented. 2. Services:includes manufacturing services on physical inputs owned by others,maintenance and repair services n.i.e, transport, travel,construction, insurance and pension services, financial services, charges for the use of intellectual property, telecommunications, computer and information services, other business services, personal, cultural and recreational services,and government goods and services n.i.e. The credit side records services supplied, while the debit side records services received. 2.1 Manufacturing services on physical owned by others: processoronly provides processing, assembly, packaging and other services and chargesservice fee from the owner, while the ownership of the goods is not transferred between the owner and the processor. The credit side recordsthe manufacturing services supplied by the Chinese residents on physical inputs owned by non-residents, and vice versa for debitside. 2.2 Maintenance and repair services: referto the maintenance and repair services supplied by residents to non-residentsor vice versa on goods and equipment (such as vessel, aircraft, and other transportation facility) owned by the receiving party. The credit side recordsthe maintenance and repair services supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, andvice versa for debit side. 2.3 Transport:refers to the process of transporting people and goods from one place to another, and the relevant supporting and auxiliary services, as well as postaland delivery services. The credit side records the international transport,postal and delivery services supplied by residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.4 Travel:refers to goods consumed and services purchased by travelers in various economies as non-residents. The credit side records the goods and services provided by the Chinese residents to non-residents who have stayed in China forless than one year, as well as non-residents studying abroad and seeking medical treatment for indefinite period of stay. The debit side records the goods and services purchased by the Chinese residents when traveling, studying or seeking medical services abroad from non-residents. 2.5 Construction services:refer to the establishment, renovation, maintenance or expansion of fixed assets in the form of buildings, land improvement, roads, bridges and dams and other engineering buildings of engineering nature, relevant installation,assembly, painting, pipeline construction, demolition and project management,as well as site preparation, measurement and blasting and other special services. The credit side records the construction services provided by the Chinese residents outside the economic territory. The debit side records the construction services received by the Chinese residents in the Chinese economic territory from non-residents. 2.6 Insuranceand pension services: refers tovarious insurance services and commission to agents related with insurance transaction. The credit side records the life insurance and annuity, non-life insurance, reinsurance, standardized guarantee services and relevant supporting services supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debitside. 2.7 Financial services: refer to financial intermediation and supporting services, excluding those covered by insurance and pension services. The credit side records the financial intermediation and supporting services supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.8 Charges for the use of intellectual property:refer to licensed use of intangible, non-productive / non-financial assets and exclusive rights between residents and non-residents and the licensed use of existing original works or proto types. The credit side records the intellectual property-related services supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.9 Telecommunications, computer and information services: refer to communications services between residents and non-residents and transactions of services related to computer data and news, excluding commercial services delivered via telephone, computer and Internet. The credit side records the telecommunications, computer and information services supplied by residents tonon-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.10 Other business services: refer toother types of services between residents and non-residents, including research and development services, professional and management consulting services,technical and trade-related services. The credit side records the other business services supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.11 Personal,cultural and recreational services: referto transactions of personal, cultural and recreational services between residents and non-residents, including audiovisual and related services (films,radio, television programs and music recordings) and other personal, culturaland recreational services (health, education, etc.). The credit side records the related services supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debitside. 2.12 Government goods and services n.i.e: refer to various goods and services provided and purchased by governments and international organizations not included in other categories of goods and services. The credit side records the goods and services not included elsewhere and supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2019-11-29/en/2019/1129/1600.html
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As shown in the statistics of the State Administration of ForeignExchange (SAFE), in October 2019, the amount of foreign exchange settlement andsales by banks was RMB 975.6 billion and RMB 1006.7 billion, respectively, witha deficit of RMB 31.1 billion. In the US dollar terms，the amount offoreign exchange settlement and sales by banks was USD 138 billion and USD 142.4billion, respectively, with a deficit of USD 4.4 billion. In particular, theamount of foreign exchange settlement and sales by banks for customers was RMB 890billion and RMB 920 billion, respectively, with a deficit of RMB 30 billion; theamount of foreign exchange settlement and sales for banks themselves is RMB 85.6billion and RMB 86.7 billion, respectively, with a deficit of RMB 1.1 billion.During the period, newly signed contract amount of forward foreign exchange settlementand sales was RMB 111.4 billion and RMB 35 billion, respectively, with a net newlysigned contract amount of forward foreign exchange settlement of RMB 76.4billion. At the end of October, outstanding amount of forward foreign exchange settlementand sales by the end of the current period was RMB 492.6 billion and RMB 455.8billion, respectively, with a net outstanding amount of forward foreignexchange settlement of RMB 36.8 billion; the net Delta exposure of outstandingoptions was RMB -261.3 billion. During January to October 2019, the accumulative amount of foreignexchange settlement and sales by banks was RMB 10459.5 billion and RMB 10819.9billion, with an accumulative deficit of RMB 360.3 billion. In the US dollarterms，theaccumulative amount of foreign exchange settlement and sales by banks was USD 1520.9billion and USD 1573.5 billion, with anaccumulative deficit of USD 52.6 billion. In particular, the accumulativeamount of foreign exchange settlement and sales by banks for customers was RMB 9621.3billion and RMB 9912.2 billion, respectively, with an accumulative deficit ofRMB 290.9 billion; the accumulative amount of foreign exchange settlement andsales for banks themselves was RMB 838.2 billion and RMB 907.6 billion,respectively, with an accumulative deficit of RMB 69.4 billion. During theperiod, newly signed contract amount of forward foreign exchange settlement andsales was RMB 1273.6 billion and RMB 476.8 billion, respectively, with a net newlysigned contract amount of forward foreign exchange settlement of RMB 796.7 billion. In October 2019, the amount of cross-border receipts and payments by non-bankingsectors was RMB 2061.3 billion and RMB 1984 billion, respectively, with asurplus of RMB 77.3 billion.During January to October 2019, the amount of cross-borderreceipts and payments by non-banking sectors was RMB 20094.1 billion and RMB 20007.1billion, respectively, with a surplus of RMB 87 billion. In the US dollar terms, in October 2019, the amount of cross-border receiptsand payments by non-banking sectors was USD 291.5 billion and USD 280.6billion, respectively, with a surplus of USD 10.9 billion.During January to October2019, the amount of cross-border receipts and payments by non-banking sectorswas USD 2923 billion and USD 2909.5 billion, respectively, with a surplus of USD13.5 billion. Addendum:Glossary and relevant definitions Balance of payments(BOP) refers to all economic transactionsbetween residents and non-residents. Foreignexchange settlement and sales by banks refers to settlement and sale transaction that bank executes for customersand for the banks themselves, including statistic data onsettlements of forward contracts for foreign exchange settlementand sales and the exercises of option, and excludingthe transactions in the interbank foreign exchange market. The statistic reporting date of Foreign exchangesettlement and sales by banks should be the trade day of theForeignexchange settlement and sales transaction. By definition, foreignexchange settlement means foreign exchange holders sell foreignexchange to designated foreign exchange bank, and foreignexchange sales means designated bank sells foreign exchange to foreign exchange buyers. The net position of foreign exchange settlement andforeign exchange sales could be position squared throughtransactions on the inter-bank foreign exchange market, and it is one ofthe major contributors to the country’sforeign exchange reserve fluctuation, though it is not equal to netchange in foreign exchange reserves during the same period Unlikethe principle of balance-of-payments statistics, which cover the transactionsbetween residents and non-residents, foreign exchange settlement and sales bybanks only cover transactions of RMB and foreign currencies between banks and customers or on banks for themselves. Thenewly signed contract amount of forward foreign exchange settlement and sales refers to the binding forward contract between designated foreignexchange bank and client that predetermines foreign exchange currency, amount,exchange rate and tenor which to be executed upon maturity. Thenewly signed forward contract enables corporate to lock inadvance the exchange rate for the purchase or sale of a currency on a futuredate to manage relevant foreign exchange risk arising fromRMB volatility. In general, bank will hedge its foreign exchange risk exposures arise from the newly signed forward contract in the Interbank foreign exchange market. For example,when bank has net foreign exchange long position, bankwill short the equivalent amount of foreign exchange in the Interbank foreignexchange market in advance, or vice versa. Therefore, the newly signedcontract amount of forward foreign exchange settlement and sales is also one of contributors to China’s foreign exchange reserve fluctuation. Theunwind amount of forward foreign exchange settlement and sales refers to, where client is unable to perform the original forwardcontract due to change in its real demand, client to fully or partially closeits forward position by executing another deal with opposite direction to theoriginal contract. Therolling amount of forward foreign exchange settlement and sales refers to client to adjust the settlement date of original contract dueto change in its real demand. Theoutstanding amount of forward foreign exchange settlement and sales by the endof the current period refers to the total amount of forwardcontracts accumulated from all non-matured forward contracts with client. Thenewly signed contractamount and the outstanding amount should satisfy the equationthat: theoutstanding amount of forward foreign exchange settlement and sales by the endof the current period = theoutstanding amount of forward foreign exchange settlement and sales at the endof the previous period + the newly signed contract amount of forward foreignexchange settlement and sales for the period - settlements of forwardcontracts for foreign exchange settlement and sales for the period - the unwindamount of forward foreign exchange settlement and sales for the period. The net Deltaexposure of outstanding options refers to the implied foreignexchange spot risk exposure from outstanding option contracts that bank executedwith client. Bank shall hedge such risk in the foreign exchange market for risk management during deal life cycle. The cross-borderreceipts and payments bynon-banking sectors refers to the receipts andpayments between domestic non-banking sectors (including institutional and individual residents)and non-residentsthrough domestic banks, excluding receipts and payments in cash. In particular,the statisticsincludescross-border receipts and payments between non-banking sectors andnon-residents through domestic banks (including RMB and foreign currency), and domesticreceipts and payments between non-banking sectors and non-residents throughdomestic banks (temporarily excluding domestic receipts and payments in RMBbetween individual residents and non-resident individuals). Data are collected whencustomers conduct receipts and payments with non-resident counterparties atdomestic banks. Specifically, the receipts refer to the capitalof non-bankingsectors received fromnon-residents via domestic banks; the payments refer to the capitalof non-bankingsectors paid to non-residents via domestic banks.The cross-border receiptsand payments by non-banking sectors is based on cash basis, different from the accrual basis required by the Balance of Payments Statistics. The statistics merely reflects the cash flows between non-bankingsectors and non-residents and does not include bartertransactions or transactions with non-residents conducted by the banks themselves. Therefore, the scope of the statistics is narrowerthan that of the Balance of Payments Statistics. 2019-11-19/en/2019/1119/1598.html
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In the third quarter of 2019, inflows and outflows of inward foreign direct investments in domestic financial institutions (see appendix for the definition )amounted to RMB 38,608 million and RMB 46,869 million respectively, resulting in a net outflow of RMB 8,261 million.Outflows and inflows of outward foreign direct investments by domestic financial institutions amounted to RMB 26,057 million and RMB 9,723 million respectively, resulting in a net outflow of RMB 16,334 million (see table 1). In the US dollar terms, in the third quarter of 2019, inflows and outflows of inward foreign direct investments in domestic financial institutions amounted to USD 5,525 million and USD 6,708 million respectively, resulting in a net outflow of USD 1,182 million.Outflows and inflows of outward foreign direct investments by domestic financial institutions amounted to USD 3,729 million and USD 1,392 million respectively, resulting in a net outflow of USD 2,338 million (seetable 2). In the third quarter of 2019, the changes in inward foreign direct investments in domestic financial institutions were mainly due to the inter-company debt allocations between domestic financial institutions and their foreign non-financial related companies, which were normal fluctuations.Equity investments from foreign investors maintained net inflows. Meanwhile, outward foreign direct investments by domestic financial institutions remained stable. Table1: Foreign Direct Investment Flows in Financial Sector(Quarterly) Unit:RMB 100 million Item Q3 2019 Net Flows of Inward Foreign Direct Investment in domestic financial institutions -82.61 Inflows 386.08 Outflows 468.69 Net Flows of Outward Foreign Direct Investment from domestic financial institutions -163.34 Inflows 97.23 Outflows 260.57 Notes: 1.This table employs rounded-off numbers. 2.The RMB value of quarterly flows is converted from the correspondent USD value for the quarter, the conversion rate is the quarterly average central parity rate of RMB against USD. 3.Net flow is the difference between inflow and outflow; the positive value represents net inflow, and the negative represents net outflow. Table2: Foreign Direct Investment Flows in Financial Sector(Quarterly) Unit:USD 100 million Item Q3 2019 Net Flows of Inward Foreign Direct Investment in domestic financial institutions -11.82 Inflows 55.25 Outflows 67.08 Net Flows of Outward Foreign Direct Investment from domestic financial institutions -23.38 Inflows 13.92 Outflows 37.29 Notes:1. This table employs rounded-off numbers. 2.Net flow is the difference between inflow and outflow; the positive value represents net inflow, and the negative represents net outflow. Appendix:Glossary Financial institutions include the headquarters,branches, and subsidiaries of institutions engaging in banking, securities, insurance, and other financial businesses which are established within the territory of China according to the law. Direct investments of financial institutions refer to equity or bond investments either by foreign investors in China’s domestic financial institutions or by China’s domestic financial institutions in overseas enterprises, which enable the investors to have voting rights of 10 percent or more in the invested enterprises. The table of Direct Investment Flows of Financial Institutions exhibits the data on equity or bond investment flows of inward and outward foreign direct investments (excluding profit reinvestments). Specifically, the inflows of inward foreign direct investment refer to the equity or bond investments made or increased by foreign investors in China’s domestic financial institutions; the outflows of inward foreign direct investment refer to the equity or bond investments decreased or withdrawn by foreign investors from China’s domestic financial institutions. The outflows of outward foreign direct investment referto the equity or bond investments made or increased by China’s domestic financial institutions in overseas enterprises; the inflows of outward foreign direct investment refer to the equity or bond investments decreased or withdrawn by China’s domestic financial institutions from overseas enterprises. 2019-11-15/en/2019/1115/1597.html
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To implement the policies that "encourage high-level trade and investment liberalization and facilitation" and advance the reform of "combining power delegation with regulation & optimizing services", as required by the 19th CPC National Congress and the State Council respectively, the State Administration of Foreign Exchange (SAFE) released the Circular on Further Promoting Cross-border Trade and Investment Facilitation (Huifa No. 28 [2019], "Circular") in accordance with the spirit of the executive meeting of the State Council held on October 23, 2019. According to the Circular, the foreign exchange administration reform for cross-border trade and investment will be deepened with procedures simplified to facilitate foreign exchange processing by banks and enterprises and to provide tangible support for the growth of the real economy. The Circular contains 12 initiatives that support trade and investment facilitation. For cross-border trade, first, expanding piloting for the facilitation of foreign exchange receipts and payments under trade to further benefit enterprises with integrity. Second, simplifying procedures for micro and small cross-border ecommerce players to handle receipts and payments under trade. Third, optimizing reporting of foreign exchange under trade in goods. Fourth, simplifying procedures to recognize export revenues and allowing enterprises to open an account pending verification at their discretion. Fifth, facilitating directory registration of branches or sub-branches for foreign exchange receipts and payments under trade in goods. Sixth, allowing engineering contractors to centralize the management of offshore funds. For cross-border investment and financing, first, allowing non-investment-oriented foreign investors to invest in equities with their capital in China in compliance with laws. Second, expanding piloting for the facilitation of receipts and payments under the capital account to facilitate domestic payments with foreign exchange receipts under the capital account and RMB funds obtained through foreign exchange settlement. Third, facilitating foreign exchange settlement for the consideration obtained from share transfers by domestic institutions to foreign investors and allowing foreign investors to use the margins for investment contribution and payments after hitting the bid. Fourth, empowering banks to handle write-offs of companies' external debt and piloting the cancellation of transaction-by-transaction registration of corporate external debt. Fifth, removing the limits on the number of foreign exchange accounts opened under the capital account. Sixth, piloting cross-border transfers for banks' non-performing assets and trade finance. Next, the SAFE will continue to follow the decisions and arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council to advance the financial supply-side structural reform, deepen the foreign exchange reform, and open financial and foreign exchange markets wider to the outside world with further pragmatism and scrutiny, in a bid to effectively serve the real economy. 2019-10-25/en/2019/1025/1595.html
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China's External Portfolio Investment Assets (by Country or Region) at the End of June 2019 2019-11-29/en/2019/1129/1602.html
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According to the statistics of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange (SAFE), the Chinese foreign exchange market (excluding foreign currency pairs, the same below) recorded total transaction of RMB 13.56 trillion (equivalent to USD 1.92 trillion) in October 2019. Specifically, the transaction volume of the bank to customer market was RMB 2.15 trillion (equivalent to USD 303.8 billion), the transaction volume of interbank marketwas RMB 11.42 trillion (equivalent to USD 1.61 trillion), the cumulative transaction volume of the spot market was RMB 5.93 trillion (equivalent to USD 838.8billion), and that of the derivatives market was RMB 7.63 trillion (equivalentto USD 1.08 trillion). From January to October 2019, a total of RMB 167.38 trillion(equivalent to USD 24.39 trillion) was traded in the Chinese foreign exchange market. 2019-11-22/en/2019/1122/1599.html
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The State Administration of Foreign Exchange (SAFE) releases data on China's external portfolio investment assets (by country/region) at the end of June2019.The statistics show that China's external portfolio investment assets (excluding reserve assets) amounted to USD 560.2 billion by the end of June 2019, including USD 303.4 billion in equity investments and USD 256.8 billion in bond investments. The top 5 recipients of Chinese investments were Hong Kong, the U.S., CaymanIslands, the British Virgin Islands and the UK, with the amount being USD 179.7 billion, USD 144.3 billion, USD 47.9 billion, USD 40.3 billion and USD 18.1 billion respectively. (End) 2019-11-29/en/2019/1129/1601.html
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As shown in the statistics of the State Administration of ForeignExchange (SAFE), in January 2020, the amount of foreign exchange settlement and sales by banks wasRMB 1006.7 billionand RMB 962.5 billion, respectively, with a settlement of RMB 44.2 billion. In the US dollarterms，the amount of foreign exchangesettlement and sales by banks was USD 145.5 billion andUSD 139.1billion, respectively, with a settlement of USD 6.4 billion. In particular,the amount of foreign exchange settlement and sales by banks for customers wasRMB 913.9 billionand RMB 856.6 billion,respectively, with a settlement of RMB 57.3 billion; theamount of foreign exchange settlement and sales for banks themselves was RMB 92.8 billion andRMB 105.9 billion,respectively, with a deficit of RMB 13.1 billion.During the period, newlysignedcontractamountof forwardforeignexchangesettlementand sales was RMB 99.2 billion andRMB 37 billion,respectively, with a net newly signed contract amount offorward foreign exchange settlement of RMB 62.2 billion. Atthe end of January,outstandingamountof forwardforeignexchangesettlementand salesby the endof the currentperiod was RMB 500.4 billion andRMB 409.3billion, respectively, with a net outstanding amountof forward foreignexchange settlement of RMB 91.1 billion; the net Delta exposureof outstanding options was RMB -255.9 billion. Please note that the data for few banks isincomplete due to the disease caused by COVID-19. Addendum: Glossary and relevant definitions Balance of payments(BOP) refers to all economic transactionsbetween residents and non-residents. Foreignexchange settlement and sales by banks refers to settlement and sale transaction that bank executes for customersand for the banks themselves, including statistic data onsettlements of forward contracts for foreign exchange settlementand sales and the exercises of option, and excludingthe transactions in the interbank foreign exchange market. The statistic reporting date of Foreign exchangesettlement and sales by banks should be the trade day of theForeignexchange settlement and sales transaction. By definition, foreignexchange settlement means foreign exchange holders sell foreignexchange to designated foreign exchange bank, and foreignexchange sales means designated bank sells foreign exchange to foreign exchange buyers. The net position of foreign exchange settlement andforeign exchange sales could be position squared throughtransactions on the inter-bank foreign exchange market, and it is one ofthe major contributors to the country’sforeign exchange reserve fluctuation, though it is not equal to netchange in foreign exchange reserves during the same period Unlikethe principle of balance-of-payments statistics, which cover the transactionsbetween residents and non-residents, foreign exchange settlement and sales bybanks only cover transactions of RMB and foreign currencies between banks and customers or on banks for themselves. Thenewly signed contract amount of forward foreign exchange settlement and sales refers to the binding forward contract between designated foreignexchange bank and client that predetermines foreign exchange currency, amount,exchange rate and tenor which to be executed upon maturity. Thenewly signed forward contract enables corporate to lock inadvance the exchange rate for the purchase or sale of a currency on a futuredate to manage relevant foreign exchange risk arising fromRMB volatility. In general, bank will hedge its foreign exchange risk exposures arise from the newly signed forward contract in the Interbank foreign exchange market. For example,when bank has net foreign exchange long position, bankwill short the equivalent amount of foreign exchange in the Interbank foreignexchange market in advance, or vice versa. Therefore, the newly signedcontract amount of forward foreign exchange settlement and sales is also one of contributors to China’s foreign exchange reserve fluctuation. Theunwind amount of forward foreign exchange settlement and sales refers to, where client is unable to perform the original forwardcontract due to change in its real demand, client to fully or partially closeits forward position by executing another deal with opposite direction to theoriginal contract. Therolling amount of forward foreign exchange settlement and sales refers to client to adjust the settlement date of original contract dueto change in its real demand. Theoutstanding amount of forward foreign exchange settlement and sales by the endof the current period refers to the total amount of forwardcontracts accumulated from all non-matured forward contracts with client. Thenewly signed contractamount and the outstanding amount should satisfy the equationthat: theoutstanding amount of forward foreign exchange settlement and sales by the endof the current period = theoutstanding amount of forward foreign exchange settlement and sales at the endof the previous period + the newly signed contract amount of forward foreignexchange settlement and sales for the period - settlements of forwardcontracts for foreign exchange settlement and sales for the period - the unwindamount of forward foreign exchange settlement and sales for the period. The net Deltaexposure of outstanding options refers to the implied foreignexchange spot risk exposure from outstanding option contracts that bank executedwith client. Bank shall hedge such risk in the foreign exchange market for risk management during deal life cycle. The cross-border receiptsand payments bynon-banking sectors refers to the receipts andpayments between domestic non-banking sectors (including institutional and individual residents)and non-residentsthrough domestic banks, excluding receipts and payments in cash. In particular,the statisticsincludescross-border receipts and payments between non-banking sectors andnon-residents through domestic banks (including RMB and foreign currency), and domesticreceipts and payments between non-banking sectors and non-residents throughdomestic banks (temporarily excluding domestic receipts and payments in RMBbetween individual residents and non-resident individuals). Data are collected whencustomers conduct receipts and payments with non-resident counterparties atdomestic banks. Specifically, the receipts refer to the capitalof non-bankingsectors received fromnon-residents via domestic banks; the payments refer to the capitalof non-bankingsectors paid to non-residents via domestic banks. Thecross-border receipts and payments by non-banking sectors is based on cash basis,different from the accrual basis required by the Balance of Payments Statistics. The statisticsmerely reflects the cashflows between non-banking sectors and non-residents and does not include bartertransactions or transactions with non-residents conducted by the banksthemselves. Therefore,the scope of thestatistics is narrower than that of the Balance of Payments Statistics. 2020-03-06/en/2020/0306/1643.html
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The State Administration of Foreign Exchange (SAFE) has recently revised and issued the Measures for Administration of the Pilot Program on Domestic and Foreign Currency Exchange Franchise Businesses for Individuals (Huifa No. 6 [2020], "Measures"). SAFE Press Spokesperson and Chief Economist Wang Chunying answered media questions on relevant issues. 1. What is the background of the Measures? A: A pilot program on domestic and foreign currency exchange franchise businesses for individuals ("exchange franchise business") was initiated in Beijing and Shanghai in 2008. In April 2012, the SAFE published the Circular of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange on Issuing the Measures for Administration of the Pilot Program on Domestic and Foreign Currency Exchange Franchise Businesses for Individuals (Huifa No. 27, [2012]) to further expand the pilot program. Over the years, with its scope continuously expanded, the exchange franchise business has maintained stable growth. Featuring flexible service time, a large variety of currencies, small amount for exchange per transaction, and outlet location in transport hubs such as airports and ports, the exchange franchise business is a favorable complement to the bank exchange business to meet individuals' demands for exchange of domestic and foreign currencies. To improve administration of the exchange franchise businesses in line with the reform requirements of the State Council of delegating power, improving regulation, and upgrading services, the SAFE has revised the Measures for Administration of the Pilot Program on Domestic and Foreign Currency Exchange Franchise Businesses for Individuals based on its surveys and research, with no changes to the permitted scope of domestic and foreign currency exchange franchise businesses for individuals and the administration principles of foreign exchange settlement and sales for individuals. Upholding easy access and rigorous regulation, the Measures will be favorable for reducing costs of institutions engaged in the domestic and foreign currency exchange franchise businesses ("exchange franchise institution") and will have a positive impact on optimizing the business environment, guarding against financial risks and further facilitating domestic and foreign currency exchange for individuals. 2. How will the Measures facilitate business activities of exchange franchise institutions? A: first, the Measures will help streamline administrative approval. The approval for the qualification of exchange franchise institutions for nationwide operations will be delegated to the SAFE branches with whom they have registered. Approval for opening a foreign exchange reserve account by exchange franchise institutions and for preparation for market access by their branches/sub-branches will be canceled. Second, the Measures can help optimize processes. Exchange franchise institutions will be allowed to start electronic exchange business for individuals, sales and redemption of electronic travelers' cheques, and handle changes of business address after prior reporting. Third, the Measures will be conducive to license streamlining and offering convenience to the public. For market access, the supporting materials like business license and no-action letter will no longer be required from application institutions. 3. Will the Measures impact the domestic and foreign currency exchange businesses for individuals? A: No, it won't. According to the Measures, no change has been made to the existing administration principles for domestic and foreign currency exchange businesses for individuals. With their authentic ID certificates presented, individuals can easily handle domestic and foreign currency exchange through the business channels offered by exchange franchise institutions. 4. Are there any measures set forth in the Measures to guard against risks arising from cross-border flows such as money laundering? A: Following the reform requirements of the State Council of delegating power, improving regulation, and upgrading services, and the guideline of combining power delegation and stringent regulation, the revised Measures allows transfer of ex-ante approval for more administrative resources to enhanced ongoing and ex-post regulation. On the one hand, the Measures requires that exchange franchise institutions should build an effective mechanism for internal verification and correction, intensify monitoring and authentication of suspected exchange transactions that are cumulatively large-sized, and tighten management of customers handling unusual transactions, so as to prevent individuals from splitting its transactions through exchange franchise businesses and circumventing foreign exchange administration with fake certificates. On the other hand, the Measures requires local foreign exchange authorities to increase off-site and on-site verification of business activities of exchange franchise institutions within their jurisdictions and clarify scenarios where measures like risk reminder and rectification orders are implemented. (The end) 2020-02-19/en/2020/0219/1640.html
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The branches and foreign exchange administration departments of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange (SAFE) in all provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government, and the SAFE branches in Shenzhen, Dalian, Qingdao, Xiamen, and Ningbo, and national Chinese-funded banks, To boost healthy development of the domestic and foreign currency exchange franchise businesses for individuals ("exchange franchise business") in compliance with regulations, the SAFE has revised the Measures for Administration of the Pilot Program on Domestic and Foreign Currency Exchange Franchise Businesses for Individuals ("Measures") (see the appendix). Relevant contents are highlighted as follows: First, following the arrangements of the State Council of streamlining administration and delegating power, improving regulation, and upgrading services, foreign exchange administration departments at various levels shall tighten regulation of institutions engaged in exchange franchise business within your jurisdictions. Under the guideline of easy access and stringent regulation, foreign exchange administration departments shall intensify ongoing and ex-post management, and perform the responsibility of territorial financial regulation to guard against financial risk. SAFE branches and foreign exchange administration departments ("branches" for short) shall report to the SAFE for filing before approving for the first time non-financial institutions to engage in exchange franchise business in their jurisdictions, based on local situations. Second, domestic non-financial institutions and its branches/sub-branches who have obtained the qualification for engaging in the exchange franchise business before this Circular is published shall apply to local foreign exchange authorities for renewal of the License for Engaging in Domestic and Foreign Currency Exchange Franchise Businesses for Individuals ("Exchange Business License") before August 31, 2020. In particular, the headquarters of domestic non-financial institutions shall also submit the Letter of Commitment on Engaging in Domestic and Foreign Currency Exchange Franchise Businesses for Individuals, and materials stating automatic interfacing of their exchange business systems with the SAFE's individual foreign exchange business system. If they fail to submit these materials on time, local SAFE branches shall disqualify them from engaging the exchange franchise business and write of the Exchange Business License. Third, upon receipt of this Circular, SAFE branches shall forward it immediately to the central sub-branches, sub-branches, city commercial banks, rural commercial banks, wholly foreign-owned banks, Sino-foreign joint venture banks, branches of foreign-owned banks, rural cooperative financial institutions, and exchange franchise business institutions within their jurisdictions, while national Chinese-funded banks shall forward it promptly to the branches and sub-branches within their jurisdictions and accurately convey policy requirements to ensure implementation efforts. Fourth, this Circular will become effective as of the date of issuance. Meanwhile, the Circular of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange on Issuing the Measures for Administration of the Pilot Program on Domestic and Foreign Currency Exchange Franchise Businesses for Individuals (Huifa No. 27, [2012]), the Circular of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange on Relevant Issues Concerning the Handling of Exchange Business by Franchised Institutions of Domestic and Foreign Currency Exchange for Individuals Through the Internet (Huifa No. 41 [2015]), the Reply of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange to Franchised Institutions Providing Domestic and Foreign Currency Exchange for Individuals to Engage in Transport of Foreign Currency Cash into or out of the Territory and Foreign Currency Wholesale Business (Huifu No. 169 [2015]), and the Circular of the General Affairs Department of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange on Relevant Issues Concerning Standardizing Domestic and Foreign Currency Exchange Franchise Business for Individuals and Foreign Currency Exchange Business (Huizongfa No. 38 [2015]) will be rescinded. Appendix: Measures for Administration of the Pilot Program on Domestic and Foreign Currency Exchange Franchise Businesses for Individuals State Administration of Foreign Exchange February 13, 2020 2020-02-19/en/2020/0219/1641.html