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6月6日，外汇局黔西南州分局与州税务局、商务局召开联合研判座谈会。会议围绕打击涉汇、涉税违法犯罪活动、强化监管防范跨境资金流动风险等内容展开交流，就进一步加强信息共享与协作力度，提升事中事后监管效能，促进辖区涉外经济健康有序发展达成有效共识。 2025-06-16/guizhou/2025/0616/1750.html
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为保障跨境业务稳健发展，促进跨境贸易与投融资便利化，近日，外汇局宁波市分局北仑营管部组织镇海区银行外汇与跨境人民币展业自律机制召开银行外汇展业培训与便利化政策推进会，镇海区20家银行的国际业务负责人及业务骨干参会。 会上重点讲解了外汇展业、银行自律机制方面的最新政策要求，明确了人才用汇便利化试点、委托境外加工等便利化措施与业务办理要点。同时培训结合了一季度镇海区各家银行便利化措施落地情况及实际案例，进一步强化了银行风险防范意识，推进“促便利”与“防风险”能力双提升。 2025-06-17/ningbo/2025/0617/2370.html
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The time-series data of China's Gross External Debt Position by Sector(since2014Q4) 2025-06-27/en/2018/0329/1412.html
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2025年5月，我国国际收支货物和服务贸易进出口规模41643亿元，同比增长3%。其中，货物贸易出口20498亿元，进口15315亿元，顺差5183亿元；服务贸易出口2356亿元，进口3474亿元，逆差1118亿元。服务贸易主要项目为：运输服务进出口规模1714亿元，旅行服务进出口规模1632亿元，其他商业服务进出口规模1036亿元，电信、计算机和信息服务进出口规模592亿元。 按美元计值，2025年5月，我国国际收支货物和服务贸易出口3176亿美元，进口2611亿美元，顺差565亿美元。（完） 中国国际收支货物和服务贸易数据 2025年5月 项目 按人民币计值 （亿元） 按美元计值 （亿美元） 货物和服务贸易差额 4064 565 贷方 22854 3176 借方 -18789 -2611 1.货物贸易差额 5183 720 贷方 20498 2849 借方 -15315 -2129 2.服务贸易差额 -1118 -155 贷方 2356 327 借方 -3474 -483 2.1加工服务差额 53 7 贷方 68 9 借方 -15 -2 2.2维护和维修服务差额 27 4 贷方 72 10 借方 -45 -6 2.3运输差额 -254 -35 贷方 730 101 借方 -984 -137 2.4旅行差额 -1018 -142 贷方 307 43 借方 -1325 -184 2.5建设差额 49 7 贷方 107 15 借方 -58 -8 2.6保险和养老金服务差额 -36 -5 贷方 18 3 借方 -55 -8 2.7金融服务差额 3 0 贷方 24 3 借方 -22 -3 2.8知识产权使用费差额 -241 -33 贷方 35 5 借方 -276 -38 2.9电信、计算机和信息服务差额 116 16 贷方 354 49 借方 -238 -33 2.10其他商业服务差额 205 28 贷方 620 86 借方 -416 -58 2.11个人、文化和娱乐服务差额 -19 -3 贷方 10 1 借方 -29 -4 2.12别处未提及的政府货物和服务差额 -3 0 贷方 9 1 借方 -12 -2 注： 1. 本表所称国际收支货物和服务贸易与国际收支平衡表中的货物和服务口径一致，是指居民与非居民之间发生的交易。月度数据为初步数据，可能与国际收支平衡表中的季度数据不一致。 2. 国际收支货物和服务贸易数据按美元编制，当月人民币计值数据由美元数据按月均人民币对美元中间价折算得到。 3. 本表计数采用四舍五入原则。 指标解释： 国际收支货物和服务贸易：是指居民与非居民之间发生的货物贸易和服务贸易进出口，与国际收支平衡表的口径相同。 1．货物贸易: 指经济所有权在我国居民与非居民之间发生转移的货物进出口。贷方记录货物出口，借方记录货物进口。货物账户数据主要来源于海关进出口统计，但与海关统计存在以下主要区别：一是国际收支中的货物只记录所有权发生了转移的货物（如一般贸易、进料加工贸易等贸易方式的货物），所有权未发生转移的货物（如来料加工或出料加工贸易）不纳入货物统计，而纳入服务贸易统计；二是计价方面，国际收支统计要求进出口货值均按离岸价格记录，海关出口货值为离岸价格，但进口货值为到岸价格，因此国际收支统计从海关进口货值中调出国际运保费支出，并纳入服务贸易统计；三是补充了海关未统计的转手买卖下的货物净出口数据。 2．服务贸易：包括加工服务，维护和维修服务，运输，旅行，建设，保险和养老金服务，金融服务，知识产权使用费，电信、计算机和信息服务，其他商业服务，个人、文化和娱乐服务以及别处未提及的政府服务。贷方记录我国提供的服务，即服务出口；借方记录我国接受的服务，即服务进口。 2.1加工服务：又称“对他人拥有的实物投入的制造服务”，指货物的所有权没有在所有者和加工方之间发生转移，加工方仅提供加工、装配、包装等服务，并从货物所有者处收取加工服务费用。贷方记录我国居民为非居民拥有的实物提供的加工服务。借方记录我国居民接受非居民的加工服务。 2.2维护和维修服务：指居民或非居民向对方所拥有的货物和设备（如船舶、飞机及其他运输工具）提供的维修和保养工作。贷方记录我国居民向非居民提供的维护和维修服务。借方记录我国居民接受的非居民维护和维修服务。 2.3运输：指将人和物体从一地点运送至另一地点的过程以及相关辅助和附属服务，以及邮政和邮递服务。贷方记录居民向非居民提供的国际运输、邮政快递等服务。借方记录居民接受的非居民国际运输、邮政快递等服务。 2.4旅行：指旅行者在其作为非居民的经济体旅行期间消费的物品和购买的服务。贷方记录我国居民向在我国境内停留不足一年的非居民以及停留期限不限的非居民留学人员和就医人员提供的货物和服务。借方记录我国居民境外旅行、留学或就医期间购买的非居民货物和服务。 2.5建设服务：指建筑形式的固定资产的建立、翻修、维修或扩建，工程性质的土地改良、道路、桥梁和水坝等工程建筑，相关的安装、组装、油漆、管道施工、拆迁和工程管理等，以及场地准备、测量和爆破等专项服务。贷方记录我国居民在经济领土之外提供的建设服务。借方记录我国居民在我国经济领土内接受的非居民建设服务。 2.6保险和养老金服务：指各种保险服务，以及同保险交易有关的代理商的佣金。贷方记录我国居民向非居民提供的人寿保险和年金、非人寿保险、再保险、标准化担保服务以及相关辅助服务。借方记录我国居民接受非居民的人寿保险和年金、非人寿保险、再保险、标准化担保服务以及相关辅助服务。 2.7金融服务：指金融中介和辅助服务，但不包括保险和养老金服务项目所涉及的服务。贷方记录我国居民向非居民提供的金融中介和辅助服务。借方记录我国居民接受非居民的金融中介和辅助服务。 2.8知识产权使用费：指居民和非居民之间经许可使用无形的、非生产/非金融资产和专有权以及经特许安排使用已问世的原作或原型的行为。贷方记录我国居民向非居民提供的知识产权相关服务。借方记录我国居民使用的非居民知识产权服务。 2.9电信、计算机和信息服务：指居民和非居民之间的通信服务以及与计算机数据和新闻有关的服务交易，但不包括以电话、计算机和互联网为媒介交付的商业服务。贷方记录本国居民向非居民提供的电信服务、计算机服务和信息服务。借方记录本国居民接受非居民提供的电信服务、计算机服务和信息服务。 2.10其他商业服务: 指居民和非居民之间其他类型的服务，包括研发服务，专业和管理咨询服务，技术、贸易相关等服务。贷方记录我国居民向非居民提供的其他商业服务。借方记录我国居民接受的非居民其他商业服务。 2.11个人、文化娱乐服务:指居民和非居民之间与个人、文化和娱乐有关的服务交易，包括视听和相关服务（电影、收音机、电视节目和音乐录制品），其他个人、文化娱乐服务（健康、教育等）。贷方记录我国居民向非居民提供的相关服务。借方记录我国居民接受的非居民相关服务。 2.12别处未提及的政府货物和服务：指在其他货物和服务类别中未包括的政府和国际组织提供和购买的各项货物和服务。贷方记录我国居民向非居民提供的别处未涵盖的货物和服务。借方记录我国居民向非居民购买的别处未涵盖的货物和服务。 2025-06-27/safe/2025/0627/26252.html
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In May 2025, the export and import of China’s international trade in goods and services totalled RMB 4164.3 billion, up 3 percent over the same time last year. Of this, the export of goods recorded RMB 2049.8 billion and the import recorded RMB 1531.5 billion, resulting in a surplus of RMB 518.3 billion. The export of services recorded RMB 235.6 billion and the import recorded RMB 347.4 billion, resulting in a deficit of RMB 111.8 billion. In terms of the major items, the export and import of transport, travel, other business services, telecommunications, computer and information services registered RMB 171.4 billion, RMB 163.2 billion, RMB 103.6 billion and RMB 59.2 billion respectively. In the US dollar terms, in May 2025, the export and import of China’s international trade in goods and services were USD 317.6 billion and USD 261.1 billion respectively, with a surplus of USD 56.5 billion.(End) International Trade in Goods and Services of China May 2025 Item In 100 million of RMB In 100 million of USD Goods and services 4064 565 Credit 22854 3176 Debit -18789 -2611 1. Goods 5183 720 Credit 20498 2849 Debit -15315 -2129 2. Services -1118 -155 Credit 2356 327 Debit -3474 -483 2.1Manufacturing services on physical inputs owned by others 53 7 Credit 68 9 Debit -15 -2 2.2Maintenance and repair services n.i.e 27 4 Credit 72 10 Debit -45 -6 2.3Transport -254 -35 Credit 730 101 Debit -984 -137 2.4Travel -1018 -142 Credit 307 43 Debit -1325 -184 2.5Construction 49 7 Credit 107 15 Debit -58 -8 2.6Insurance and pension services -36 -5 Credit 18 3 Debit -55 -8 2.7Financial services 3 0 Credit 24 3 Debit -22 -3 2.8Charges for the use of intellectual property -241 -33 Credit 35 5 Debit -276 -38 2.9Telecommunications, computer and information services 116 16 Credit 354 49 Debit -238 -33 2.10Other business services 205 28 Credit 620 86 Debit -416 -58 2.11Personal, cultural, and recreational services -19 -3 Credit 10 1 Debit -29 -4 2.12Government goods and services n.i.e -3 0 Credit 9 1 Debit -12 -2 Notes: 1. The international trade in goods and services in this table refers to the transactions between residents and non-residents, based on the same standard as that for BOP statement. The monthly data are preliminary and may be inconsistent with the quarterly data in the BOP statement. 2. The data on international trade in goods and services are prepared in USD, and the RMB data for the current month is derived by converting the USD data at the monthly average central parity rate of the RMB against the USD. 3. This table employs rounded-off numbers. Definition of Indicators: Goods and Services: refers to the trade in goods and services between residents and non-residents, which is based on the same standard as that for the BOP statement. 1. Goods: refers to transactions in goods whereby the economic ownership is transferred between the Chinese residents and non-residents. The credit side records export of goods, while the debit side records import of goods. The data of goods account are mainly from the customs statistics of imports and exports, but differ from the statistics of the customs mainly in the following aspects: first, the goods in the BOP statement only reflect the goods whose ownership has been transferred (e.g. goods under the trade modes such as general trade and processing trade with imported materials), while the goods whose ownership is not transferred (e.g. manufacturing services with supplied materials or with exported materials) are included in the statistics of trade in services instead of the statistics of trade in goods; second, as required by the BOP statistics, the goods imported and exported are valued on the FOB basis, but as required by the customs, the goods exported are valued on the FOB basis, whereas goods imported are on the CIF basis. Therefore, for the purpose of the BOP statistics, the international transport and insurance premiums are taken out from the value of imported goods and included in the trade in services; and third, the data on net export of goods in merchanting which are not included in the customs statistics are supplemented. 2. Services: includes manufacturing services on physical inputs owned by others, maintenance and repair services n.i.e, transport, travel, construction, insurance and pension services, financial services, charges for the use of intellectual property, telecommunications, computer and information services, other business services, personal, cultural and recreational services, and government goods and services n.i.e. The credit side records services supplied, while the debit side records services received. 2.1 Manufacturing services on physical owned by others: processor only provides processing, assembly, packaging and other services and charges service fee from the owner, while the ownership of the goods is not transferred between the owner and the processor. The credit side records the manufacturing services supplied by the Chinese residents on physical inputs owned by non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.2 Maintenance and repair services: refer to the maintenance and repair services supplied by residents to non-residents or vice versa on goods and equipment (such as vessel, aircraft, and other transportation facility) owned by the receiving party. The credit side records the maintenance and repair services supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.3 Transport: refers to the process of transporting people and goods from one place to another, and the relevant supporting and auxiliary services, as well as postal and delivery services. The credit side records the international transport, postal and delivery services supplied by residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.4 Travel: refers to goods consumed and services purchased by travelers in various economies as non-residents. The credit side records the goods and services provided by the Chinese residents to non-residents who have stayed in China for less than one year, as well as non-residents studying abroad and seeking medical treatment for indefinite period of stay. The debit side records the goods and services purchased by the Chinese residents when traveling, studying or seeking medical services abroad from non-residents. 2.5 Construction services: refer to the establishment, renovation, maintenance or expansion of fixed assets in the form of buildings, land improvement, roads, bridges and dams and other engineering buildings of engineering nature, relevant installation, assembly, painting, pipeline construction, demolition and project management,as well as site preparation, measurement and blasting and other special services. The credit side records the construction services provided by the Chinese residents outside the economic territory. The debit side records the construction services received by the Chinese residents in the Chinese economic territory from non-residents. 2.6 Insurance and pension services: refers to various insurance services and commission to agents related with insurance transaction. The credit side records the life insurance and annuity, non-lifeinsurance, reinsurance, standardized guarantee services and relevant supporting services supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.7 Financial services: refer to financial intermediation and supporting services, excluding those covered by insurance and pension services. The credit side records the financial intermediation and supporting services supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.8 Charges for the use of intellectual property: refer to licensed use of intangible, non-productive/non-financial assets and exclusive rights between residents and non-residents and the licensed use of existing original works or prototypes. The credit side records the intellectual property-related services supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.9 Telecommunications, computer and information services: refer tocommunications services between residents and non-residents and transactions of services related to computer data and news, excluding commercial services delivered via telephone, computer and Internet. The credit side records the telecommunications, computer and information services supplied by residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.10 Other business services: refer to other types of services between residents and non-residents, including research and development services, professional and management consulting services, technical and trade-related services. The credit side records the other business services supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.11 Personal, cultural and recreational services: refer to transactions of personal, cultural and recreational services between residents and non-residents, including audiovisual and related services (films, radio, television programs and music recordings) and other personal, cultural and recreational services (health, education, etc.). The credit side records the related services supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.12 Government goods and services n.i.e: refer to various goods and services provided and purchased by governments and international organizations not included in other categories of goods and services. The credit side records the goods and services not included elsewhere and supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2025-06-27/en/2025/0627/2314.html
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As at the end of March 2025, China recorded RMB 17.5967 trillion in outstanding external debt denominated in both domestic and foreign currencies (equivalent to USD 2451.4 billion, excluding those of Hong Kong SAR, Macao SAR, and Taiwan Province of China, the same below). In terms of maturity structure, the outstanding medium and long-term external debt was RMB 7424.8 billion (equivalent to USD 1034.4 billion), accounting for 42 percent; while the outstanding short-term external debt was RMB 10171.9billion (equivalent to USD 1417.0 billion), taking up 58 percent,of which 33 percent was trade-related credit. In terms of institutional sectors, the outstanding debt of general government totaled RMB 2906.2 billion (equivalent to USD 404.9 billion), accounting for 16 percent; the outstanding debt of the central bank totaled RMB 807.7 billion (equivalent to USD 112.5billion), accounting for 5 percent; the outstanding debt of banks totaled RMB 7714.3 billion (equivalent to USD 1074.7 billion), accounting for 44 percent; the outstanding debt of other sectors (including inter-company lending under direct investments) totaled RMB 6168.5 billion (equivalent to USD 859.3 billion), accounting for 35 percent. In terms of debt instruments, the balance of loans was RMB 2358.5 billion (equivalent to USD 328.5 billion), accounting for 13 percent; the outstanding trade credits and advances was RMB 2690.4 billion (equivalent to USD 374.8 billion), accounting for 15 percent; the outstanding currency and deposits was RMB 3390.1 billion (equivalent to USD 472.3 billion), accounting for 19 percent; the outstanding debt securities was RMB 6235.2 billion (equivalent to USD 868.6 billion), accounting for 36 percent; the Special Drawing Rights (SDR) allocation amounted to RMB 345.3 billion (equivalent to USD 48.1billion), accounting for 2 percent; the balance of inter-company lending under direct investments totaled RMB 1710.3 billion (equivalent to USD 238.3 billion), accounting for 10 percent; and the balance of other debt liabilities was RMB 866.9 billion (equivalent to USD 120.8 billion), accounting for 5 percent. With respect to currency structures, the outstanding external debt in domestic currency totaled RMB 9163.4 billion (equivalent to USD 1276.6billion), accounting for 52 percent; the outstanding external debt in foreign currencies (including SDR allocation) totaled RMB 8433.3 billion (equivalent to USD 1174.8 billion), accounting for 48 percent. In the outstanding registered external debt in foreign currencies, the USD debt accounted for 81 percent, the Euro debt accounted for 7 percent, the JPY debt accounted for 5 percent, the HKD debt accounted for 4 percent, the SDR and other foreign currency-denominated external debt accounted for 3 percent. Since all major external debt indicators were within the internationally recognized thresholds, China's external debt risk is under control. Appendix Definitionof terms and interpretations External debt classificationby maturity structure. There are two methods to classify the external debt by maturity structure. One is on the basis of the contractual maturity, i.e. it is classified as medium and long-term external debt if the contractual maturity is over one year, and classified as short-term external debt if the contractual maturity is one year or less; the other is on the basis of the remaining maturity, i.e., on the basis of the contractual maturity classification method above, the medium and long-term external debt due within one year is classified as short-term external debt. In this news release, external debt is divided into medium and long-term external debt and short-term external debt based on the contractual maturity. Trade-related credit is a broad concept. In addition to trade credit and advances, it also involves other kinds of credit provided for trade activities. According to its definition,trade-related credit includes trade credit and advances, bank trade financing, trade related bills, and so forth. In particular, trade credit and advances refer to external liability arising from directly extending credit between the seller and buyer of goods transactions, specifically transactions between residents in the Chinese Mainland and overseas non-residents (including non-residents in Hong Kong SAR, Macao SAR,and Taiwan Province of China), i.e., the debt incurred due to the difference between the time of payment and the time of the goods ownership transfer, which include credit directly provided by the supplier (e.g., the overseas exporter) for goods and services, and prepayments made by buyers (e.g., overseas importers) for goods, services, and work that is in progress (or work to be undertaken). Bank trade financing refers to trade related loans that offered by a third party (e.g., ba nks) to exporters or importers, for instance, loans extended by foreign financial institutions or export credit agencies to buyers. Annexed table：China’s Gross External Debt Position by Sector, End of March 2025 End of March 2025 End of March 2025 （Unit:100 million RMB） （Unit:100 million US dollars） General Government 29062 4049 Short-term 1247 174 Currency and deposits 0 0 Debt securities 1247 174 Loans 0 0 Trade credit and advances 0 0 Other debt liabilities 0 0 Long-term 27815 3875 Special drawing rights (allocations) 0 0 Currency and deposits 0 0 Debt securities 24079 3355 Loans 3736 520 Trade credit and advances 0 0 Other debt liabilities 0 0 Central Bank 8077 1125 Short-term 3036 423 Currency and deposits 1135 158 Debt securities 1901 265 Loans 0 0 Trade credit and advances 0 0 Other debt liabilities 0 0 Long-term 5041 702 Special drawing rights (allocations) 3453 481 Currency and deposits 0 0 Debt securities 0 0 Loans 0 0 Trade credit and advances 0 0 Other debt liabilities 1588 221 Other Depository Corporations 77143 10747 Short-term 62294 8678 Currency and deposits 32756 4563 Debt securities 16245 2263 Loans 12896 1797 Trade credit and advances 0 0 Other debt liabilities 397 55 Long-term 14849 2069 Currency and deposits 0 0 Debt securities 11319 1577 Loans 3448 480 Trade credit and advances 0 0 Other debt liabilities 82 12 Other Sectors 44582 6211 Short-term 31414 4376 Currency and deposits 9 1 Debt securities 235 33 Loans 1100 153 Trade credit and advances 26433 3682 Other debt liabilities 3637 507 Long-term 13168 1835 Currency and deposits 0 0 Debt securities 7326 1021 Loans 2405 335 Trade credit and advances 471 66 Other debt liabilities 2966 413 Direct Investment: Intercompany Lending 17103 2382 Debt liabilities of direct investment enterprises to direct investors 9214 1284 Debt liabilities of direct investors to direct investment enterprises 1403 195 Debt liabilities to fellow enterprises 6486 903 Gross External Debt Position 175967 24514 Notes: 1. The short-term and long-term herein are broken down by contractual (original) maturity. 2. The data in this table have been rounded off. 2025-06-27/en/2025/0627/2317.html
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6月24日，江苏省银行外汇业务和跨境人民币自律机制在镇江开展“聚焦外汇金融 共筑外贸新篇”宣讲活动，镇江全辖近80家重点外贸企业参加会议。 镇江市分行党委委员、副行长孙懿出席会议并讲话，外汇管理一科解读优质企业贸易外汇收支便利化试点政策，国际收支科宣导企业汇率风险中性理念，宏观审慎科进行跨境人民币政策宣讲；金杜律师事务所合伙人提示了新形势下企业出海法律风险；江苏省自律机制专家分析了贸易争端下的汇率市场并介绍了保值策略。 下一步，镇江市分局将继续加大政策宣导，全力推动跨境贸易投资高水平开放试点增量扩面，持续加大汇率避险政策供给，积极为银企合作搭建平台，致力推动全市涉外经济高质量发展。 2025-06-27/jiangsu/2025/0627/1091.html
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2025-06-27https://www.gov.cn/yaowen/liebiao/202506/content_7029520.htm
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2025-06-27https://www.gov.cn/yaowen/liebiao/202506/content_7029627.htm
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国务院新闻办公室于2025年5月22日（星期四）下午3时举行新闻发布会，请科技部副部长邱勇，中国人民银行副行长、国家外汇局局长朱鹤新，金融监管总局新闻发言人、政策研究司司长郭武平，中国证监会首席风险官、发行监管司司长严伯进介绍科技金融政策有关情况，并答记者问。以下为中国人民银行副行长、国家外汇局局长朱鹤新的问答实录： 新华社新华财经记者：我注意到，《加快构建科技金融体制有力支撑高水平科技自立自强的若干政策举措》提出，建立债券市场“科技板”，请问背后的考虑是什么？目前这项工作有哪些进展？ 中国人民银行副行长、国家外汇局局长朱鹤新：谢谢你的提问，刚才邱勇副部长把《若干政策举措》作了介绍，在介绍的过程中，邱勇副部长说有两个亮点，其中一个亮点就是刚才你提出的，在债券市场设立“科技板”，这也是大家比较关注的，现在应该说进展下来还是比较顺利的，实际上也是解决我们现在一个重点难点的问题，就是股权结构在“募投管退”当中最前端的“募”的问题。为提升债券市场对科技创新支持的适配性，人民银行会同证监会、科技部、金融监管总局等部门建立了债券市场“科技板”，在继续服务好科技型企业的基础上，支持金融机构、股权投资机构发行科技创新债券，丰富科创债券产品体系。这次把科技型企业发行的债券单独拿出来，并在债券发行交易制度上作出差异化安排。这个差异化安排主要体现在几个方面，第一是支持发行人灵活分期发行债券，第二是简化信息披露的一些要求，第三是自主设计含权结构、还本付息等债券条款，第四是减免债券发行交易手续费，第五是组织做市商提供专门做市报价服务，第六是推动评级机构创新设计专门的评级方法。5月7日，人民银行、证监会已经发布公告，具体措施正在落地当中。 在这3类发行科创债券的主体当中，最需要给予支持的就是股权投资机构。股权投资机构在支持科技创新，特别是促进创新资本形成方面发挥了关键作用。刚才邱部长也讲了，股权投资结构是投早、投小、投长期、投硬科技的重要力量，但目前存在什么问题呢？主要是股权投资机构本身是轻资产的，长投资周期的，靠自身发债融资期限比较短，而且融资成本也比较高。所以，通过这样一个科技板，要解决期限短、融资成本高的问题，因此债券市场科技板将创设科技创新债券风险分担工具，由人民银行提供低成本再贷款资金，通过担保增信、直接投资等方式，同时也加强与地方政府、市场增信机构合作，共同分担债券投资人的违约损失风险，支持股权投资机构发行低成本、长期限的科创债券。为激励创投行业提升服务能力，工具将重点支持排名靠前、投资经验丰富的头部股权投资机构发行债券。我们也希望通过这样的工具创新，能够给市场化的股权投资机构拓展一条资金的渠道，解决募资难的问题。 目前市场各方响应积极，多家机构已经注册或者已经发行的科技创新债券，我们也统计了一下，现在已经将近有100家左右的机构在发行科技创新债券，已经超过了2500亿。下一步，我们还是要密切关注，继续推进，共同建设好债券市场的“科技板”，同时在这个过程中，我们还希望持续完善配套的支持机制，让“科技板”能够发挥更大的作用。谢谢。 中国证券报记者：对于构建与科技创新相适应的科技金融体制，请问人民银行有哪些具体的政策举措？谢谢。 朱鹤新：谢谢你的提问。众所周知，做好科技金融工作既是支持科技强国建设的内在要求，同时也是金融机构战略转型的需要，更是我们金融管理部门的职责所在。所以，党的二十届三中全会、中央金融工作会议、全国科技大会都对科技金融作出了部署和要求，要求构建同科技创新相适应的科技金融体制。近年来，我们人民银行和相关的金融管理部门，以及科技部采取了很多积极措施，健全政策框架，应该说科技金融的“四梁八柱”已经基本搭建完成，多元金融体系初步形成。截至今年3月末，科技型中小企业贷款余额已超过3.3万亿元，而且同比增长24%，连续3年的增速都超过了20%；全国“专精特新”企业贷款余额已经超过了6.3万亿元，同比增长15.1%，这也是远远超过我们贷款的平均增速；第三个数据是银行金融机构与企业签订的设备更新的贷款余额已经达到了1.2万亿，这个设备更新很多是跟科技型企业相关联的；第四组数据是银行间债券市场投向科创企业领域余额突破了1万亿，在A股上市的“专精特新”企业已经超过1900家，这说明我们这几年政策在科技领域取得了积极成果，这也体现了我们金融机构、金融部门以及科技部几家抬，形成的合力，也逐步畅通了科技、金融、产业这样一个循环，从而有利于我们促进高质量发展。 近期出台的《若干政策举措》，对进一步深化体制机制创新，提出了更加具体的工作举措。这些举措要得到真正地落实，人民银行将重点做好以下工作： 一是要提升科技贷款的投放强度和服务能力。这体现在两个方面，第一是规模上要更有力度，人民银行已经将科技创新和技术改造再贷款的规模由5000亿元提升到8000亿元，同时下调再贷款利率，由1.75%下调到1.5%，其目的还是引导金融机构为企业研发创新和设备更新提供更大力度、更加精准的贷款支持。第二体现在服务上要更有温度，推动银行深化科技信贷服务能力的建设，在内部管理、人才建设、风险评估、产品服务等方面构建专项机制，匹配高新技术产业的特点，提升服务覆盖面，让更多中小科技企业获得优质的信贷服务。 二是关于建设债券市场的“科技板”，这也是支持科技发展的一项创新性举措，刚才我已经给大家介绍过了。我们把发展股权融资、壮大耐心资本作为重中之重，促进创投行业“募投管退”的循环，解决这类机构的募资难问题，这是一个亮点也是一个创新点。 三是培育完善科技金融生态体系。推动银行、保险、证券等各类金融机构和股权投资机构之间的分工协作，形成差异化、专业化的发展格局，同时我们也鼓励开发性政策性金融机构为国家重大科技任务提供融资支持。加强科技型企业跨境金融服务，因为现在科技型企业不光是面向国内的，还有很多是面向国外的，我们将稳步推进合格境外有限合伙人（QFLP）试点、跨境融资便利化试点。扩大科技公共信息开放共享，在全国范围内推广“创新积分制”，主要是画像画得准，为科技金融服务提供信息数据支撑。 四是要提高科技要素密集地区的金融服务水平。根据国家科技发展总体布局，着力推动北京、上海等13个重点地区优化区域科技金融服务体系，在强度和能力上要达到更高水平，实际上起到一个引领示范的作用，支持保障国际和区域科创中心的建设。更好发挥科创改革试验区作用，为全国提供示范引领。加强地区间的联动交流，促进区域协同创新和典型模式的复制推广。这方面我们在全国很多地区都有一些很好的经验，当然同时也恳请今天在座的媒体朋友在这方面多给支持。谢谢。 证券时报记者：我们看到《政策举措》中有一些关于科技金融的配套政策，请问接下来将会从哪些方面推动这些举措的落实落细？谢谢。 朱鹤新：谢谢你的提问。推进科技金融工作，光有政策举措还是不够的，还要有一些配套措施才能发挥更大的作用。我们下一步在进一步优化科技金融发展环境上还要下功夫，具体体现在三个方面： 一是要提升政银企对接的效率。对点多面广的广大科技型中小企业，通过在全国范围内推广“创新积分制”，并优化创新积分评价办法，为科技型中小企业精准画像，主要目的是帮助金融机构准确识别和挖掘更多科技含量的企业，让金融活水流入到我们科技型中小企业当中去。对于一些国家重大的科技任务，我们将建立融资对接推荐机制，推动科技产业部门梳理重点项目和企业信息，引导金融机构“点对点”地提供多元的融资支持。这是分了两块，一块是比较小的，政银企怎么发挥作用，这里面发挥创新积分的作用，那些重大的特别大的项目，要发挥“点对点”的作用。 二是加快科技公共信息开放共享。金融机构在这方面的诉求是比较多的，我们人民银行将联合科技部加强科技公共信息共享的政策指引，为各地扩大科技信息共享提供标准。同时，利用地方征信平台和有关金融服务信息平台等渠道，加强公共数据、产业数据等各类信息的归集整合，创新数据授权运用和查询获取方式，为金融机构投融资决策提供信息数据的支撑。这方面不仅要发挥征信平台的作用，我们还希望在其他方面，包括政府类的一些公共信息方面提供一些支持，包括科技部的一些信息来提供支撑。 三是因为中小企业风险还是比较大的，我们希望推动加大科技金融风险的补偿力度。财政政策对激励引导金融机构支持科技创新具有重要作用。所以我们要配合好财政部门，用好用足贷款贴息、风险补偿等政策，有效发挥政府性融资担保体系作用，这是非常重要的，要通过多方分摊风险，激励金融机构提高风险容忍度，开发更便捷、低门槛的贷款产品，进一步加大对科技型企业的信贷、债券等融资支持力度。谢谢。 2025-05-26/tianjin/2025/0526/2797.html