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3月24日，青岛市银行外汇与跨境人民币业务自律机制成功召开2021年第一次全体成员工作会议。青岛市分局副局长张朝晖出席会议并讲话，各相关处室负责人及全市49家银行分管行长和国际业务部门负责人参加会议。 会议总结了青岛市自律机制2020年度工作开展情况，对2021年度重点工作进行了具体部署。自律机制监督组、宣传组、培训组分别对各小组2020年工作进行总结，对2021年工作计划进行汇报。会议表彰了青岛市自律机制“2019年-2020年度十佳先进成员单位”。会议同意吸收浙商银行青岛分行、东营银行青岛分行为自律机制新成员。 张朝晖副局长通报了当前外汇市场形势和总体政策导向，指出2021年全市外汇管理和跨境人民币工作要坚持稳中求进的总基调，促改革、促便利、促发展、防风险，服务更高水平开放型经济新体制建设，为全市打造国内大循环重要支点和国内国际双循环重要战略链接提供更高水平外汇和跨境人民币金融供给。 2021-03-26/qingdao/2021/0326/1875.html
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2020年末，我国银行业对外金融资产13724亿美元，对外负债14847亿美元，对外净负债1123亿美元，其中，人民币净负债4356亿美元，外币净资产3234亿美元。 在银行业对外金融资产中，分工具看，存贷款资产10033亿美元，债券资产1816亿美元，股权等其他资产1875亿美元，分别占银行业对外金融资产的73%、13%和14%。分币种看，人民币资产1496亿美元，美元资产9430亿美元，其他币种资产2799亿美元，分别占11%、69%和20%。从投向部门看，投向境外银行部门7084亿美元，占比52%；投向境外非银行部门6640亿美元，占比48%。 在银行业对外负债中，分工具看，存贷款负债8095亿美元，债券负债2916亿美元，股权等其他负债3835亿美元，分别占银行业对外负债的55%、20%和26%。分币种看，人民币负债5852亿美元，美元负债5614亿美元，其他币种负债3381亿美元，分别占比39%、38%和23%。从来源部门看，来自境外银行部门6134亿美元，占比41%；来自境外非银行部门8713亿美元，占比59%。（完） 2021-03-26/xizang/2021/0326/791.html
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According to the statistics of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange (SAFE), the Chinese foreign exchange market (excluding foreign currency pairs, the same below) recorded total transactions of RMB 13.78 trillion (equivalent to USD 2.13 trillion) in February 2021. In terms of markets, the transactions volume of client market was RMB 2.31 trillion (equivalent to USD 0.36 trillion), and the transactions volume of interbank market was RMB 11.47 trillion (equivalent to USD 1.78 trillion). In terms of products, the cumulative transactions volume of the spot market was RMB 5.49 trillion (equivalent to USD 0.85trillion), and that of the derivatives market was RMB 8.29 trillion (equivalent to USD 1.28 trillion). From January to February 2021, a total of RMB 31.95 trillion (equivalent to USD 4.94 trillion) was traded in the Chinese foreign exchange market. 2021-03-26/en/2021/0226/1805.html
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As at the end of 2020,China recorded RMB 15.665 trillion in outstanding external debt denominated in both domestic and foreign currencies (equivalent to USD 2400.8 billion, excluding those of Hong Kong SAR, Macao SAR, and Taiwan Province of China, the same below). In terms of maturity structure, the outstanding medium-and long-term external debt was RMB 7075.8 billion(USD 1084.4 billion), accounting for 45 percent; while the outstanding short-term external debt was RMB 8589.2 billion (USD 1316.4 billion), taking up 55 percent, including 39 percent trade-related credit. In terms of institutional sectors, the outstanding debt of general government totaled RMB 2476 billion (USD 379.5 billion), accounting for 16 percent; the outstanding debt of the central bank totaled RMB 248.7 billion (USD 38.1 billion), accounting for 2 percent; the outstanding debt of banks totaled RMB 7124 billion(USD 1091.8 billion), accounting for 46 percent; the outstanding debt of other sectors (including inter-company lending under direct investments) totaled RMB 5816.3 billion (USD 891.4 billion), accounting for 36 percent. In terms of debt instruments, the balance of loans was RMB 2872.9 billion(USD 440.3 billion), accounting for 18 percent; the outstanding trade credit and prepayment was RMB 2426.6 billion (USD 371.9 billion), accounting for 15.5 percent; the outstanding currency and deposits was RMB 3378.4 billion (USD 517.7 billion), accounting for 22 percent; the outstanding debt securities was RMB 4741.5 billion (USD 726.7 billion), accounting for 30 percent; the Special Drawing Rights (SDR) allocation amounted to RMB 65.7 billion (USD 10.1 billion), accounting for 0.5 percent; the balance of inter-company lending under direct investments totaled RMB 1848.6 billion (USD 283.3 billion), accounting for 12 percent; and the balance of other debt liabilities was RMB 331.3 billion (USD 50.8 billion), accounting for 2 percent. With respect to currency structures, the outstanding external debt in domestic currency totaled RMB 6531.6 billion (USD 1001 billion), accounting for 42 percent; the outstanding external debt in foreign currencies (including SDR allocation) totaled RMB 9133.4 billion (USD 1399.8 billion), accounting for 58 percent. In the outstanding registered external debt in foreign currencies, the USD debt accounted for 84 percent, the Euro debt accounted for 8 percent, the HKD debt accounted for 4 percent, the JPY debt accounted for 2 percent, the SDR and other foreign currency-denominated external debt accounted for 2 percent. As at the end of 2020，the liability ratio was 16.3 percent, the debt ratio was 87.9 percent, the debt servicing ratio was 6.5 percent, and the ratio of short-term external debt to foreign exchange reserves was 40.9 percent. China’s major external debt indicators were all within the internationally recognized thresholds,indicating that the external debt risk is controllable. In addition, SAFE revised China’s outstanding external debt data from the end of 2019 to the end of September 2020 based on the latest data of foreign-invested enterprises’ distributed but unrepatriated profits, and released it in the "Data and Statistics" column of the SAFE’s official website. Appendix Definitionof terms and interpretations External debt classification by maturity structure. There are two methods to classify the external debt by maturity structure. One is on the basis of the contractual maturity, i.e. it is classified as medium- and long-term external debt if the contractual maturity is over one year, and classified as short-term external debt if the contractual maturity is one year or less;the other is on the basis of the remaining maturity, i.e., on the basis of the contractual maturity classification method above, the medium- and long-term external debt due within one year is classified as short-term external debt. In this news release, external debt is divided into medium- and long-term external debt and short-term external debt based on the contractual maturity. Trade-related credit is a broad concept. In addition to trade credit and prepayment, it also involves other kinds of credit provided for trade activities. According to its definition,trade-related credit includes trade credit and prepayment, bank trade financing, short-term notes related to trade, and so forth. In particular, trade credit and prepayment refer to external liability arising from directly extending credit between the seller and buyer of goods transactions, specifically transactions between residents in the Chinese Mainland and overseas non-residents (including non-residents in Hong Kong SAR, Macao SAR, and Taiwan Province of China), i.e., the debt incurred due to the difference between the time of payment and the time of the goods ownership transfer, which include credit directly provided by the supplier (e.g., the overseas exporter) for goods and services, and advance payments made by buyers (e.g., overseas importers) for goods, services, and on-going business (or business to be undertaken). Bank trade financing refers to trade related loans that offered by a third party (e.g., banks) to exporters or importers, for instance, loans extended by foreign financial institutions or export credit agencies to buyers. Liability ratio refers to the ratio of outstanding external debt as of the end of the year to the GDP for the year. Debt ratio refers to the ratio of the outstanding external debt as of the end of the year to the export revenue from trade in goods and services for the year. Debt servicing ratio refers to the ratio of the repayment of the principal and payment of interest on external debt for the year (the sum of the repayment of the principal and payment of interest on medium- and long-term external debt and the payment of the interest of short-term external debt) to the export revenue from trade in goods and services for the year. The internationally recognized thresholds for external debt risk indicators - liability ratio, debt ratio,debt servicing ratio and ratio of short-term external debt to foreign exchange reserves are 20 percent, 100 percent, 20 percent and 100 percent respectively. Annexed table：China’s Gross External Debt Position by Sector, End of 2020 End of 2020 End of 2020 （Unit:100 million RMB） （Unit:100 million US dollars） General Government 24760 3795 Short-term 713 109 Currency and deposits 0 0 Debt securities 713 109 Loans 0 0 Trade credit and advances 0 0 Other debt liabilities 0 0 Long-term 24047 3686 Special drawing rights 0 0 Currency and deposits 0 0 Debt securities 20467 3137 Loans 3580 549 Trade credit and advances 0 0 Other debt liabilities 0 0 Central Bank 2487 381 Short-term 1715 263 Currency and deposits 815 125 Debt securities 900 138 Loans 0 0 Trade credit and advances 0 0 Other debt liabilities 0 0 Long-term 772 118 Special drawing rights 657 101 Currency and deposits 0 0 Debt securities 0 0 Loans 0 0 Trade credit and advances 0 0 Other debt liabilities 115 17 Other Depository Corporations 71240 10918 Short-term 50650 7762 Currency and deposits 32960 5051 Debt securities 4097 628 Loans 13208 2024 Trade credit and advances 0 0 Other debt liabilities 385 59 Long-term 20590 3156 Currency and deposits 0 0 Debt securities 15369 2355 Loans 5146 789 Trade credit and advances 0 0 Other debt liabilities 75 12 Other Sectors 39677 6081 Short-term 27585 4228 Currency and deposits 9 1 Debt securities 101 16 Loans 2533 388 Trade credit and advances 23842 3654 Other debt liabilities 1100 169 Long-term 12092 1853 Currency and deposits 0 0 Debt securities 5767 884 Loans 4262 653 Trade credit and advances 425 65 Other debt liabilities 1638 251 Direct Investment: Intercompany Lending 18486 2833 Debt liabilities of direct investment enterprises to direct investors 11447 1754 Debt liabilities of direct investors to direct investment enterprises 892 137 Debt liabilities to affiliated enterprises 6147 942 Gross External Debt Position 156650 24008 Notes: 1. The short-term and long-term herein are broken down by contractual (original) maturity. 2. The data in this table have been rounded off. 2021-03-26/en/2021/0326/1818.html
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截至2020年末，我国全口径（含本外币）外债余额为156650亿元人民币（等值24008亿美元，不包括中国香港特区、中国澳门特区和中国台湾地区对外负债，下同）。 从期限结构看，中长期外债余额为70758亿元人民币（等值10844亿美元），占45%；短期外债余额为85892亿元人民币（等值13164亿美元），占55%。短期外债余额中，与贸易有关的信贷占39%。 从机构部门看，广义政府外债余额为24760亿元人民币（等值3795亿美元），占16%；中央银行外债余额为2487亿元人民币（等值381亿美元），占2%；银行外债余额为71240亿元人民币（等值10918亿美元），占46%；其他部门（含直接投资：公司间贷款）外债余额为58163亿元人民币（等值8914亿美元），占36%。 从债务工具看，贷款余额为28729亿元人民币（等值4403亿美元），占18%；贸易信贷与预付款余额为24266亿元人民币（等值3719亿美元），占15.5%；货币与存款余额为33784亿元人民币（等值5177亿美元），占22%；债务证券余额为47415亿元人民币（等值7267亿美元），占30%；特别提款权（SDR）分配为657亿元人民币（等值101亿美元），占0.5%；直接投资：公司间贷款债务余额为18486亿元人民币（等值2833亿美元），占12%；其他债务负债余额为3313亿元人民币（等值508亿美元），占2%。 从币种结构看，本币外债余额为65316亿元人民币（等值10010亿美元），占42%；外币外债余额（含SDR分配）为91334亿元人民币（等值13998亿美元），占58%。在外币登记外债余额中，美元债务占84%，欧元债务占8%，港币债务占4%，日元债务占2%，特别提款权和其他外币外债合计占比为2%。 2020年末，我国外债负债率为16.3%，债务率为87.9%，偿债率为6.5%，短期外债与外汇储备的比例为40.9%，上述指标均在国际公认的安全线以内，我国外债风险总体可控。 此外，国家外汇管理局根据最新获得的外商投资企业已分配未汇出利润等数据，修订了2019年末以来的季度全口径外债数据，并通过国家外汇管理局官方网站“统计数据”栏目公布。 附 名词解释及相关说明 关于外债期限结构分类。按照期限结构对外债进行分类，有两种分类方法。一是按照签约期限划分，即合同期限在一年以上的外债为中长期外债，合同期限在一年或一年以下的外债为短期外债；二是按照剩余期限划分，即在签约期限划分的基础上，将未来一年内到期的中长期外债纳入到短期外债中。本新闻稿按签约期限划分中长期外债和短期外债。 与贸易有关的信贷是一个较广义的概念，除贸易信贷与预付款外，它还包括为贸易活动提供的其他信贷。从定义上看，与贸易有关的信贷包括贸易信贷与预付款、银行贸易融资、与贸易有关的短期票据等。其中，贸易信贷与预付款是指发生在中国大陆居民与境外（含港、澳、台地区）非居民之间，由货物交易的卖方和买方之间直接提供信贷而产生对外负债，即由于商品的资金支付时间与货物所有权发生转移的时间不同而形成的债务。具体包括供应商（如境外出口商）为商品交易和服务直接提供信贷，以及购买者（如境外进口商）为商品和服务以及进行中（或准备承担）的工作预先付款；银行贸易融资是指第三方（如银行）向出口商或进口商提供的与贸易有关的贷款，如外国金融机构或出口信贷机构向买方提供的贷款。 负债率即外债余额与当年国内生产总值之比。债务率即外债余额与当年国际收支统计口径的货物与服务贸易出口收入之比。偿债率即中长期外债还本付息与短期外债付息额之和与当年国际收支统计口径的货物与服务贸易出口收入之比。负债率、债务率、偿债率、短期外债与外汇储备的比例等外债风险指标的国际公认安全线分别为20%、100%、20%和100%。 附表：中国2020年末按部门划分的外债总额头寸 2020年末 2020年末 （亿元人民币） （亿美元） 广义政府 24760 3795 短期 713 109 货币与存款 0 0 债务证券 713 109 贷款 0 0 贸易信贷与预付款 0 0 其他债务负债 0 0 长期 24047 3686 SDR分配 0 0 货币与存款 0 0 债务证券 20467 3137 贷款 3580 549 贸易信贷与预付款 0 0 其他债务负债 0 0 中央银行 2487 381 短期 1715 263 货币与存款 815 125 债务证券 900 138 贷款 0 0 贸易信贷与预付款 0 0 其他债务负债 0 0 长期 772 118 SDR分配 657 101 货币与存款 0 0 债务证券 0 0 贷款 0 0 贸易信贷与预付款 0 0 其他债务负债 115 17 其他接受存款公司 71240 10918 短期 50650 7762 货币与存款 32960 5051 债务证券 4097 628 贷款 13208 2024 贸易信贷与预付款 0 0 其他债务负债 385 59 长期 20590 3156 货币与存款 0 0 债务证券 15369 2355 贷款 5146 789 贸易信贷与预付款 0 0 其他债务负债 75 12 其他部门 39677 6081 短期 27585 4228 货币与存款 9 1 债务证券 101 16 贷款 2533 388 贸易信贷与预付款 23842 3654 其他债务负债 1100 169 长期 12092 1853 货币与存款 0 0 债务证券 5767 884 贷款 4262 653 贸易信贷与预付款 425 65 其他债务负债 1638 251 直接投资：公司间贷款 18486 2833 直接投资企业对直接投资者的债务负债 11447 1754 直接投资者对直接投资企业的债务负债 892 137 对关联企业的债务负债 6147 942 外债总额头寸 156650 24008 注：1. 本表按签约期限划分长期、短期外债。 2. 本表统计采用四舍五入法。 2021-03-26/safe/2021/0326/18623.html
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日前，国家外汇管理局公布了2020年末外债数据。国家外汇管理局副局长、新闻发言人王春英就相关问题回答了记者提问。 问：请问2020年四季度我国外债情况如何？ 答：2020年四季度我国外债规模稳步增长。截至2020年12月末，我国全口径（含本外币）外债余额为24008亿美元，较2020年9月末增长925亿美元，增幅4%。外债增长主要源于境外投资者增持境内人民币债券。 外债结构进一步优化。从外债币种结构看，本币外债占比42%，较2020年9月末上升3个百分点；从外债期限结构看，中长期外债占比45%，较2020年9月末上升2个百分点。 问：如何看待当前我国外债形势？ 答：外债规模稳步增长是我国经济发展的客观结果。2020年，在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下，我国统筹疫情防控和经济社会发展取得重大战略成果，企业率先复工复产，国内生产总值同比增长2.3%，成为全球唯一实现正增长的主要经济体。这是我国吸引包括外债在内的境外资金流入的主要原因。 持续推进外债便利化改革，更好服务实体经济。人民银行、外汇局通过适时调整跨境融资宏观审慎政策、开展外债便利化试点、实施一次性外债登记试点等，多措并举为企业提供跨境融资便利，缓解企业特别是中小企业、民营企业融资难、融资贵问题，切实支持实体经济发展。 外债风险总体可控。2020年末，我国外债负债率（外债余额与国内生产总值之比）为16.3%，债务率（外债余额与贸易出口收入之比）为87.9%，偿债率（外债还本付息额与贸易出口收入之比）为6.5%，短期外债与外汇储备的比例为40.9%。上述指标均在国际公认的安全线（分别为20%、100%、20%和100%）以内，我国外债风险总体可控。 当前，外部环境不确定因素依然较多，但我国经济长期向好的基本面没有改变，预计未来外债仍将延续平稳运行态势。 2021-03-26/safe/2021/0326/18621.html
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2020年中国国际收支报告 2021-03-26/beijing/2021/0326/1531.html
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3月19日，巴南中心支局组织召开2021年外汇管理工作座谈会，巴南中心支局彭州副局长，外汇管理科全体成员，辖区28家银行分管外汇业务行领导参加会议。 会上，巴南中心支局传达了2021年重庆外汇管理工作会议精神。彭州副局长总结了2020年工作成效，分析了近期涉外收支形势，并就2021年外汇工作做出了部署：一是加强管理，防范跨境资金流动风险；二是改革创新，推动便利化政策落地，优化外汇服务方式；三是银企对接，稳住外资外贸基本盘，支持实体经济发展。随后，巴南中心支局通报了2020年度银行外汇业务合规与审慎经营评估结果及外汇领域行政处罚典型案例，各参会银行分别介绍了便利化政策落实情况及面临的主要困难。 下一步，巴南中心支局将集中梳理便利化政策要点，跟踪便利化政策推进落实情况，加强与银行双向沟通，助推巴南辖区涉外经济高质量发展。 2021-03-22/chongqing/2021/0322/1786.html
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为联合打击地下钱庄犯罪，培养专业队伍，近日，中国人民银行河源市中心支行、外汇局河源市中心支局联合河源市检察院、市公安局经侦支队建立了多部门联学联训长效工作机制，并举办了金融类案业务培训班。 培训班上，外汇局河源市中心支局宣讲了相关外汇管理政策，讲解了地下钱庄的运作模式、资金交易的特征、线索来源的挖掘等内容，并结合典型案例以案释法。各部门还就如何做好联动打击地下钱庄违法犯罪行为、刑事惩罚与行政处罚的衔接等问题进行了深入探讨。 2021-03-29/guangdong/2021/0329/1996.html
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3月19日，黔江中心支局与工行黔江分行开展座谈，双方就贸易外汇收支便利化、资本项目改革创新试点、如何推动跨境融资业务落地进行了深入的交流讨论。中心支局要求银行深入企业摸底调查，加强与企业沟通交流，有针对性地宣讲便利化措施及试点政策，确保政策精准直达，切实为企业提供优质的外汇金融服务。工行黔江分行表示将主动作为，积极梳理符合条件企业，做好企业的调查研究，扎实做好“一对一”政策宣导，最大限度地为企业解难题，促进地方实体经济发展。 2021-03-22/chongqing/2021/0322/1787.html