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The SAFE recently released China's Balance of Payments Statement for the first half of 2009. The statistics reveal that the current account and the capital and financial account continued to post a "twin surplus," but the scale of the surplus has begun to decline modestly. In the first half of 2009, China's surplus under the current account totaled USD 134.5 billion, a decrease of 30% year on year. Specifically, according to the statistical coverage of the balance of payments, the surpluses in goods, income, and current transfers reached USD 119 billion, USD 16.9 billion, and USD 15.2 billion, respectively, whereas the deficit in services amounted to USD 16.7 billion. Meanwhile, China's surplus under the capital and financial account totaled USD 61 billion, a drop of 15% year on year. In particular, the net inflows of direct investments and portfolio investments amounted to USD 15.6 billion and USD 20.2 billion respectively, whereas the net inflows of other investments reached USD 23.9 billion. Furthermore, China's international reserves continued to grow. At the end of June 2009, China registered a total of USD 2,131.6 billion in foreign exchange reserves, an increase of USD 185.6 billion over that at the end of 2008. For the purpose of enhancing the timeliness of the release of the data in the balance of payments statement, the SAFE released preliminary data on China's Balance of Payments Statement for the first half of 2009 on August 20. The data now available are subject to revision. In addition, the BOP Analysis Team of the SAFE released China's Balance of Payments Report for the First Half of 2009 in order to facilitate an understanding among all social groups of the data and analysis of China's balance of payments. Balance of Payments * First Half of 2009 US dollars (thousand) Items Line Balance Credit Debit I. Current Account 1 134,459,941 643,376,735 508,916,794 A. Goods and Services 2 102,319,724 576,190,644 473,870,920 a. Goods 3 118,976,618 521,262,315 402,285,697 b. Services 4 -16,656,894 54,928,329 71,585,222 1.Transportation 5 -9,148,812 10,632,325 19,781,137 2.Travel 6 -2,846,806 18,246,000 21,092,806 3.Communications Services 7 63,967 546,892 482,926 4.Construction Services 8 1,288,000 3,677,880 2,389,879 5.Insurance Services 9 -4,248,751 602,657 4,851,408 6.Financial Services 10 -26,701 158,530 185,231 7.Computer and Information Services 11 1,579,353 2,876,007 1,296,653 8.Royalties and Licensing Fees 12 -4,435,022 181,204 4,616,226 9.Consulting Services 13 2,291,165 8,253,302 5,962,137 10.Advertising and Public Opinion Polling 14 152,221 1,103,585 951,364 11.Audio-visual and Related Services 15 -104,943 38,736 143,678 12. Other Business Services 16 -1,300,352 8,186,771 9,487,123 13. Government Services, n.i.e. 17 79,789 424,439 344,650 B. Income 18 16,936,295 47,143,272 30,206,978 1.Employee Compensation 19 2,662,501 3,775,455 1,112,954 2.Investment Income 20 14,273,794 43,367,817 29,094,024 C. Current Transfers 21 15,203,922 20,042,819 4,838,897 1.General Government 22 -128,280 23,852 152,132 2. Other Sectors 23 15,332,202 20,018,967 4,686,765 II. Capital and Financial Account 24 60,994,554 342,306,167 281,311,613 A. Capital Account 25 1,348,333 1,448,015 99,683 B. Financial Account 26 59,646,222 340,858,152 281,211,930 1. Direct Investment 27 15,561,165 49,222,658 33,661,493 1.1 Overseas 28 -13,306,810 1,177,898 14,484,708 1.2 Domestic 29 28,867,975 48,044,760 19,176,784 2. Portfolio Investment 30 20,184,651 42,542,136 22,357,485 2.1 Assets 31 7,731,758 30,025,343 22,293,585 2.1.1 Equity Securities 32 -850,658 7,277,860 8,128,517 2.1.2 Debt Securities 33 8,582,415 22,747,483 14,165,068 2.1.2.1 Bonds and Notes 34 3,546,925 17,709,179 14,162,254 2.1.2.2 Money Market Instruments 35 5,035,490 5,038,304 2,814 2.2 Liabilities 36 12,452,893 12,516,793 63,900 2.2.1 Equity Securities 37 12,453,094 12,516,120 63,026 2.2.2 Debt Securities 38 -201 673 873 2.2.2.1 Bonds and Notes 39 0 0 0 2.2.2.2 Money Market Instruments 40 -201 673 873 3. Other Investment 41 23,900,406 249,093,358 225,192,952 3.1 Assets 42 29,117,407 70,167,876 41,050,468 3.1.1 Trade Credits 43 -16,307,365 0 16,307,365 Long-term 44 -1,141,516 0 1,141,516 Short-term 45 -15,165,849 0 15,165,849 3.1.2 Loans 46 6,437,006 26,814,013 20,377,007 Long-term 47 -20,214,000 0 20,214,000 Short-term 48 26,651,006 26,814,013 163,007 3.1.3 Currency and Deposits 49 28,968,413 33,278,498 4,310,085 3.1.4 Other Assets 50 10,019,353 10,075,364 56,011 Long-term 51 0 0 0 Short-term 52 10,019,353 10,075,364 56,011 3.2 Liabilities 53 -5,217,001 178,925,483 184,142,484 3.2.1 Trade Credits 54 -6,670,160 0 6,670,160 Long-term 55 -466,911 0 466,911 Short-term 56 -6,203,249 0 6,203,249 3.2.2 Loans 57 -6,083,623 151,047,587 157,131,210 Long-term 58 -8,387,786 5,196,860 13,584,646 Short-term 59 2,304,163 145,850,727 143,546,564 3.2.3 Currency and Deposits 60 4,955,296 24,508,180 19,552,884 3.2.4 Other Liabilities 61 2,581,486 3,369,716 788,230 Long-term 62 -120,472 0 120,472 Short-term 63 2,701,957 3,369,716 667,758 III. Reserves Assets 64 -185,941,174 0 185,941,174 3.1 Monetary Gold 65 0 0 0 3.2 Special Drawing Rights 66 -28,637 0 28,637 3.3 Reserves Position in the Fund 67 -336,537 0 336,537 3.4 Foreign Exchange 68 -185,576,000 0 185,576,000 3.5 Other Claims 69 0 0 0 IV. Net Errors and Omissions 70 -9,513,322 0 9,513,322 * This BOP statement employs rounded-off numbers. 2009-10-15/en/2009/1015/902.html
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The SAFE recently released China's International Investment Position for year-end 2008. The statistics reveal that at the end of 2008, China's external financial assets hit USD 2920.3 billion, up 23 percent over that at the end of 2007; external financial liabilities reached USD 1401.3 billion, a rise of 17 percent year on year; external net financial assets totaled USD 1519 billion, an increase of 31 percent year on year.. Among the external financial assets, direct investments abroad amounted to USD 169.4 billion, portfolio investments were USD 251.9 billion, other investments were USD 532.8 billion, and reserves assets were USD 1966.2 billion, accounting for 6 percent, 9 percent, 18 percent, and 67 percent respectively. In terms of external financial liabilities, foreign direct investments totaled USD 876.3 billion, portfolio investments USD 161.2 billion, and other investments USD 363.7 billion, accounting for 63 percent, 11 percent, and 26 percent respectively. The International Investment Position (hereinafter referred to as the IIP) is a statistical statement which reflects at a specific point the stocks of financial assets and liabilities of one country or region to other countries or regions in the world, and together with the balance of payments statements (BOP statements) it constitutes the complete international accounts system of the country or region to show the trade flows. The SAFE has adjusted its IIP for year-end 2006 and year-end 2007 according to the latest data. China's International Investment Position Unit: USD 100m Items End of 2006 End of 2007 End of 2008 Net Position 6534 11619 15190 A. Assets 16881 23744 29203 1. Direct Investments Abroad 906 1160 1694 2. Portfolio Investment 2652 2846 2519 2.1 Equity Securities 15 196 208 2.2 Debt Securities 2637 2650 2311 3. Other Investment 2515 4265 5328 3.1 Trade Credits 1161 1399 1340 3.2 Loans 670 888 1071 3.3 Currency and Deposits 474 723 1060 3.4 Other Assets 210 1255 1857 4. Reserves Assets 10808 15473 19662 4.1 Monetary Gold 123 170 169 4.2 Special Drawing Rights 11 12 12 4.3 Reserves Position in the Fund 11 8 20 4.4 Foreign Exchange 10663 15282 19460 B. Liabilities 10347 12125 14013 1. Foreign Direct Investments 6144 7037 8763 2. Portfolio Investment 1207 1466 1612 2.1 Equity Securities 1065 1290 1440 2.2 Debt Securities 142 176 172 3. Other Investment 2996 3622 3637 3.1 Trade Credits 1040 1331 1141 3.2 Loans 985 1033 1030 3.3 Currency and Deposits 589 785 910 3.4 Other Liabilities 382 473 557 Note: 1. This IIP employs rounded-off numbers. 2. Net position refers to assets minus liabilities, + means net assets, and -means net liabilities. Compilation Principles and Indexes for the IIP I. Compilation Principles for the IIP In accordance with the standards of the Balance of Payments Manual (Fifth Edition) published by the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the IIP is a statistical statement which reflects at a specific point the stocks of financial assets and liabilities of one country or region to other countries or regions of the world. Changes in the IIP can be caused by changes in the transactions, prices, and exchange rates, as well as by other adjustments during specific periods. The IIP remains consistent with the BOP statement with regard to the principles of valuation, measurement, and conversion, and together with the BOP statement constitutes a complete international accounts system of the country or region. Chinas IIP is a statistical statement which reflects at a specific point the stocks of the financial assets and liabilities of China (excluding that in Hong Kong SAR, Macao SAR, and Taiwan Province) to other countries or regions of the world. II. Explanation of the Major IIP Indexes According to the standards of the IMF, the items on the IIP are categorized according to assets and liabilities. The assets are divided into China's direct investments abroad, portfolio investments, other investments, and reserves assets, and the liabilities are divided into foreign direct investments, portfolio investments, and other investments. The net position refers to external assets minus external liabilities. The items are specifically defined as follows: 1. Direct Investment: Refers to external investment in which an investor of one country operates an enterprise located in another country with the aim of acquiring effective control over the enterprise. It consists of direct investment abroad and foreign direct investment. Direct investment abroad includes the stocks of the direct investment abroad conducted by China's non-financial sectors, the stocks of the capital fund and working capital appropriated by domestic banks to set up branches overseas, as well as the stocks of the loans between parent companies and subsidiaries both in China and abroad, and the stocks of other receivables and payables. Foreign direct investment includes the stocks of foreign direct investment absorbed by China's non-financial sectors, the stocks of direct investment overseas absorbed by the financial sectors (including foreign investment attracted by branches of foreign financial sectors and Chinese-funded financial sectors, and investments by the foreign party in joint financial sectors), as well as the stocks of the loans between parent companies and subsidiaries both in China and abroad and the stocks of other receivables and payables. 2. Portfolio Investment: Includes some types of investment such as shares, long- and medium-term bonds, and money-market instruments. Portfolio investment assets refer to holdings of negotiable securities, such as shares, bonds, money-market instruments, and derivative financial instruments, which are held by Chinese residents but issued by non-resident enterprises. Portfolio investment liabilities refer to shares and bonds held by non-resident enterprises but issued by Chinese residents. 2.1 Equity Securities: Comprise securities in the form of stocks. 2.2 Debt Securities: Include long-term and medium-term bonds, short-term (one year or less) bonds, and money-market instruments or transferable debt instruments such as short-term treasury notes, commercial papers, and large-sum short-term negotiable certificates of deposits. 3. Other Investment: Refers to all the financial assets and liabilities, including trade credits, loans, currency, and deposits, as well as other assets and liabilities, but excluding direct investments, portfolio investments, and reserves assets. Long term means that the contract period of the relevant financial assets/liabilities is longer than one year, and short term means that the contract period is one year or less. 3.1 Trade Credits: Refers to the direct business credit arising from the import and export of goods between China and other countries. Assets refer to the receivables of China's exporters and the advance payments by Chinas importers, and liabilities refer to the payables of Chinas importers and the advance receipts of China's exporters. 3.2 Loans: Assets refer to the external assets held by domestic institutions by providing loans and lending to overseas institutions; and liabilities refer to the loans borrowed by domestic institutions, such as loans from foreign governments, loans from international institutions, loans from foreign banks, and sellers credit. 3.3 Currency and Deposits: Assets refer to the funds deposited abroad and the foreign cash in stock held by China's financial institutions; and liabilities refer to the overseas private deposits and short-term funds from foreign banks attracted by China's financial institutions, as well as other short-term funds like loans from foreign exporters and individuals. 3.4 Other Assets/Liabilities: Refer to the investments other than trade credits, loans, currency, and deposits, for example, the capital paid by non-currency international institutions and other receivables and payables. 4. Reserves Assets: Refer to the external assets that can be used at any time and are effectively controlled by the PBOC, consisting of monetary gold, special drawing rights (SDRs), the reserves position in the Fund, and foreign exchange. 4.1 Monetary Gold: Refers to the gold held by the PBOC as reserve. 4.2 Special Drawing Rights: is a type of ledger assets, which is allocated by the IMF according to the capital share of its members; it can be used to repay the debt to the IMF and can make up for the deficit in the balance of payments between the governments of member countries. 4.3 Reserves Position in the Fund: Refer to the assets that are in the ordinary accounts of the IMF and that can be used freely. 4.4 Foreign Exchange: Refers to the current assets and liabilities that are retained by the PBOC and that can be used as a means of international compensation. (End) 2009-06-02/en/2009/0602/890.html
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Recently the People's Bank of China released data on the state's foreign exchange reserves as of the end of 2009. According to some analyses, in 2009 China witnessed an increase of USD453.1 billion in its foreign exchange reserves. Deducting the trade surplus of USD196.07 billion and the actually utilized foreign capital of USD90.03 billion during the same period, there is a balance of USD167 billion, which is regarded as unaccountable, that is, an inflow of hot money.A reporter interviewed a relevant official of the SAFE on this issue. Q: How do regard the estimation method for the newly-increased foreign exchange reserves minus the trade surplus and minus the actually utilized foreign capital equals hot money,which is presently widely used by the general public? A: We appreciate the analyses from the general public on the operating conditions of the balance of payments from different perspectives, as well as their suggestions on our work on foreign exchange administration. To be frank, the above estimation method is unscientific, thus the conclusion is misleading. With regard to the newly- increased balance of foreign exchange reserves, analysts should not only emphasize factors such as foreign trade conditions, foreign direct investment, and so forth, but also should take into consideration the conditions for cross-border fund flows for trade in service, individuals, external debts, and securities investment as well as the investment income of the foreign exchange reserves, currency conversion, and other factors. A simple deduction of the trade surplus and the actually utilized foreign exchange will not account for the so-called unaccountable reserves, let alone the inappropriate label of hot money. Q: Can you describe in detail how the newly-increased foreign exchange reserves should be analyzed by taking into account the investment income and currency conversion? A: We have noted that some media have taken into consideration the investment income and income from currency conversion to analyze the newly-increased foreign exchange reserves. As per the relevant requirements of the foreign exchange administration, for the time being we cannot disclose the specific data on the investment income and currency conversion. Nevertheless, selection of the relevant data can be used as a reference. For example, according to the changes in the exchange rate index of the USD against other major currencies which is compiled by the FED, the exchange rate of the USD depreciated by 8.5% in 2009. As shown in the data on the structure of global reserves released by the IMF, the non-dollar reserve assets account for nearly 40% of the total reserve assets. Hence, the appreciation of non-dollar assets against the USD in 2009 will inevitably lead to an increase in the balance of foreign exchange reserves in USD (income from currency conversion). As another instance, by use of the frequently-adopted Barclays Return Rate of the Global Bond Integrated Index, the annual average return rate from 2005 to 2009 was 4.8%. Based on that, the aggregate investment income from a certain amount of the balance of reserves for various years can be calculated, i.e., to what extent investment income contributed to the increase in the foreign exchange reserves. Although these analyses are only for reference, they will help prevent significant omissions in the selection of analytical methods, thus their conclusions will be more convincing. Q: Could the increase in foreign exchange reserves in 2009 be better explained, if investment income and currency conversion are taken into consideration? A: With regard to our data, the argument that the increase in foreign exchange reserves in 2009 is unaccountable is unreasonable. Q: Some argue that there will be increasing inflows of short-term speculative funds into China in 2010. How do you regard that? A: With the stable growth of the national economy and the constant decline in the USD interest rate in the past months, those entities involved in foreign exchange businesses (banks, enterprises, individuals, and so forth) are more likely to transfer their overseas assets back to China and to make settlements. Meanwhile, it is possible that some overseas speculative and arbitrage funds will flow into China by means of distribution and infiltration through such channels as trade, individual investment, foreign investment, and so forth. Currently, China maintains a certain level of control over capital accounts. Based on the premise to promote the facilitation of trade and investment, we will continue to intensify efforts to crack down on illegal flows of cross-border funds. Q: What about the progress and achievements in cracking down on illegal flows of cross-border funds during the past year? A: In 2009, by taking full advantage of the United Office for Cracking Down on Criminal Activities of Illegal Foreign Exchange Transactions and closely teaming up with the public security departments, we launched a series of campaigns to crack down on major cases of illegal flows of funds, such as underground money shops, online foreign exchange speculation, and so forth The SAFE uncovered 10 cases of underground money shops, 6 cases of online illegal foreign exchange speculation, and 11 cases of illegal trading of foreign exchange, and discovered more than 61 nests for illegal foreign exchange transactions, involving a total amount of USD3.54 billion. Q: What measures will the foreign exchange administration departments adopt to prevent the inflow of speculative and arbitrage funds in 2010? A: To prevent the inflow of speculative and arbitrage funds, which may affect the stability of the national economy and finance, we will take the following measures: (1) strengthening the construction of the statistical system for the balance of payments, establishing and improving monitoring, an early-warning system, and an emergency plan for the inflows and outflows of cross-border funds; (2) strengthening the administration of cross-border capital flows, continuing to crack down on illegal inflows of funds, and taking appropriate measures to control the channels for the excessive inflow of capital; (3) further promoting the convertibility of the capital accounts, broadening the channels for capital outflows, and facilitating the holding and use of foreign exchange by domestic institutions and individuals; and (4) taking comprehensive and effective measures to promote an equilibrium in the balance of payments by complying with the unified planning of the Central Government. 2010-01-19/en/2010/0119/918.html
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For the purpose of enhancing the timeliness of the release of the data of the balance of payments statement, the SAFE recently released preliminary data of China's Balance of Payments statement for the first half of 2009. The current account and the capital and financial account posted a "twin surplus" in the first half of 2009, and international reserves maintained a growing momentum. In the first half of 2009, China's surplus under the current account totaled USD 130 billion, a decrease of 32% year on year. Specifically, according to the statistical coverage of the balance of payments, the surpluses under the trade in goods, income, and current transfers reached USD 118.3 billion, USD 16 billion, and USD 14.3 billion respectively, whereas the deficit in services amounted to USD 18.6 billion. Meanwhile, China's surplus under the capital and financial account totaled USD 33.1 billion, a drop of 54% year on year. In particular, the net inflows of direct investments and portfolio investments amounted to USD 20.6 billion and USD 16.9 billion respectively, whereas the net outflows of other investments reached USD 5.6 billion. Furthermore, China's international reserves continued to grow. At the end of the first half of 2009, China registered a total of USD 2131.6 billion in foreign exchange reserves, an increase of USD 185.6 billion over that at the end of 2008. The SAFE will formally release China's Balance of Payments Statement for the first half of 2009 during the September-October period. (End). Balance of Payments*(Preliminary Data) First Half of 2009 US dollars (thousands) Items Line Balance I. Current Account 1 129,985,896 A. Goods and Services 2 99,695,010 a. Goods 3 118,332,904 Credit 4 521,698,519 Debit 5 403,365,615 b. Services 6 -18,637,895 B. Income 7 15,953,349 C. Current Transfers 8 14,337,537 II. Capital and Financial Account 9 33,141,071 A. Capital Account 10 1,253,915 B. Financial Account 11 31,887,156 1. Direct Investment 12 20,572,107 2. Portfolio Investment 13 16,924,372 3. Other Investment 14 -5,609,323 III. Reserves Assets 15 -185,941,174 3.1 Monetary Gold 16 0 3.2 Special Drawing Rights 17 -28,637 3.3 Reserves Position in the Fund 18 -336,537 3.4 Foreign Exchange 19 -185,576,000 3.5 Other Claims 20 0 IV. Net Errors and Omissions 21 22,814,207 2009-09-02/en/2009/0902/898.html
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The State Administration of Foreign Exchange (SAFE) recently released on its official Web site (www.safe.gov.cn) foreign exchange statistical time-series data, marking the first time the administration has systematically arranged and disclosed such data. During recent years, in order to satisfy the increasing needs of foreign-related business development, the SAFE has worked out a series of foreign exchange statistical statements, such as China's Balance of Payments Statement, Chinas International Investment Position, the scale of foreign exchange reserves, the balance and structure of the external debt, and so forth, in line with international universal indicators and relevant technical standards, which are conducive to analyzing foreign-related economic situations and monitoring cross-border capital flows. Furthermore, the foreign exchange statistical data has received growing attention from the general public. In order to make better use of foreign exchange statistical data, facilitate the general publics comprehension, analysis, and use of the information, and to enhance the comprehensiveness, systematic nature, and transparency of these data, the SAFE has arranged and released eleven categories of data that were made public during the period from 1985 to 2009, including China's Balance of Payments Statement, China's International Investment Position, the scale of foreign exchange reserves, the conversion rates of various currencies against the USD, the mid-price of the RMB exchange rate, the balance and structure of the external debt, the structure and growth of China's long- and short-term external debt, China's external debt, the national economy and exchange revenue, examination and approval of the investment quota for QDII and QFII, and so forth. The corresponding explanations of the indicators and intervals for their release have also been publicized. After their release, the SAFE will regularly update the relevant statistical data and constantly improve its disclosure system for statistical information. 2009-12-23/en/2009/1223/912.html
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At the end of September 2009, China's outstanding external debt (excluding that of Hong Kong SAR, Macao SAR, and Taiwan Province) reached USD 386.772 billion, an increase of USD 12.111 billion, or 3.23 percent compared with that at the end of 2008. Specifically, the outstanding long- and medium-term external debt (with the remaining term) reached USD 164.793 billion, an increase of USD 917 million, or 0.56 percent compared with that at the end of 2008, accounting for 42.61 percent of the total outstanding external debt. The outstanding short-term external debt (with the remaining term) totaled USD 221.979 billion, an increase of USD 11.194 billion, or 5.31 percent compared with that at the end of 2008, accounting for 57.39 percent of the total outstanding external debt. In terms of China's outstanding short-term external debt, the balance of trade credit was USD 132.5 billion. The outstanding registered short-term external debt (with the remaining term) was USD 89.479 billion, accounting for 40.31 percent of the outstanding short-term external debt and 23.13 percent of the total outstanding external debt. Included in the outstanding registered external debt of USD 254.272 billion, the outstanding sovereign debt borrowed by ministries under the State Council totaled USD 35.232 billion, accounting for 13.86 percent; the outstanding debt of Chinese-funded financial institutions was USD 87.018 billion, accounting for 34.22 percent; the outstanding debt of foreign-funded enterprises was USD 92.262 billion, accounting for 36.28 percent; the outstanding debt of foreign-funded financial institutions in China was USD 35.154 billion, accounting for 13.83 percent; the outstanding debt of Chinese-funded enterprises was USD 4.281 billion, accounting for 1.68 percent; and the outstanding debt of other institutions was USD 325 million, accounting for 0.13 percent. From January to September 2009, long- and medium-term external borrowing totaled USD 13.845 billion, a decrease of USD 13.535 billion, or 49.43 percent compared with that in the same period of the last year. Repayment of principal was USD 25.959 billion, an increase of USD 12.175 billion, or 88.33 percent, over that during the same period of the last year. Interest payments for long- and medium-term external debt totaled USD 2.563 billion, a decrease of USD 393 million, or 13.29 percent compared with that during the same period of the last year. 2010-01-06/en/2010/0106/915.html
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At the end of March 2009, China's outstanding external debt (excluding that of Hong Kong SAR, Macao SAR, and Taiwan Province) reached USD 336.721 billion, a decrease of USD 37.94 billion or 10.13 percent compared with that at the end of 2008. Specifically, the outstanding long- and medium-term external debt (with the remaining term) reached USD 163.253 billion, a decrease of USD 623 million or 0.38 percent compared with that at the end of 2008, accounting for 48.48 percent of the total outstanding external debt. The outstanding short-term external debt (with the remaining term) totaled USD 173.468 billion, a decrease of USD 37.317 billion or 17.7 percent compared with that at the end of 2008, accounting for 51.52 percent of the total outstanding external debt. Among the outstanding registered external debt of USD 252.621 billion, the outstanding sovereign debt borrowed by ministries under the State Council totaled USD 33.215 billion, accounting for 13.15 percent; the outstanding debt of Chinese-funded financial institutions was USD 78.699 billion, accounting for 31.15 percent; the outstanding debt of foreign-funded enterprises was USD 96.084 billion, accounting for 38.04 percent; the outstanding debt of foreign-funded financial institutions in China was USD 39.864 billion, accounting for 15.78 percent; the outstanding debt of Chinese-funded enterprises was USD 4.427 billion, accounting for 1.75 percent; and the outstanding debt of other institutions was USD 332 million, accounting for 0.13 percent. From January to March 2009, long- and medium-term external borrowing was USD 3.804 billion, a decrease of USD 3.944 billion or 50.90 percent compared with that during the same period of the last year. The repayment of the principal was USD 6.652 billion, an increase of USD 2.057 billion or 44.77 percent over that during the same period of the last year. The interest payment for the long- and medium-term external debt was USD 805 million, a decrease of USD 301 million or 27.22 percent compared with that during the same period of the last year. (End) 2009-07-01/en/2009/0701/893.html
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At the end of June 2009, China's outstanding external debt (excluding that of Hong Kong SAR, Macao SAR, and Taiwan Province) reached USD 360.579 billion, a decrease of USD 14.082 billion, or 3.76 percent compared with that at the end of 2008. Specifically, the outstanding long- and medium-term external debt (with the remaining term) reached USD 166.214 billion, an increase of USD 2.338 billion, or 1.43 percent compared with that at the end of 2008, accounting for 46.10 percent of the total outstanding external debt. The outstanding short-term external debt (with the remaining term) totaled USD 194.365 billion, a decrease of USD 16.42 billion, or 7.79 percent compared with that at the end of 2008, accounting for 53.90 percent of the total outstanding external debt. Of the outstanding registered external debt of USD 251.079 billion, the outstanding sovereign debt borrowed by ministries under the State Council totaled USD 34.535 billion, accounting for 13.75 percent; the outstanding debt of Chinese-funded financial institutions was USD 83.003 billion, accounting for 33.06 percent; the outstanding debt of foreign-funded enterprises was USD 94.346 billion, accounting for 37.58 percent; the outstanding debt of foreign-funded financial institutions in China was USD 34.509 billion, accounting for 13.74 percent; the outstanding debt of Chinese-funded enterprises was USD 4.357 billion, accounting for 1.74 percent; and the outstanding debt of other institutions was USD 329 million, accounting for 0.13 percent. From January to June 2009, long- and medium-term external borrowing totaled USD 9.333 billion, a decrease of USD 10.172 billion, or 52.15 percent compared with that during the same period of the last year. Principal repayments totaled USD 19.472 billion, an increase of USD 10.699 billion, or 121.95 percent compared with that during the same period of the last year. Interest payments for the long- and medium-term debt amounted to USD 2.084 billion, an increase of USD 166 million, or 8.65 percent compared with that during the same period of the last year. 2009-10-13/en/2009/1013/901.html
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The State Administration of Foreign Exchange (SAFE) held a press conference on the foreign exchange receipts and payments for the first quarter of 2019 in the State Council Information Office on Thursday, April 18, 2019 at 10 am and answered press questions. Moderator Shou Xiaoli Good morning, ladies and gentlemen, and friends from the press. Welcome to the press conference of the State Council Information Office. Today we are very glad to have with us Ms. Wang Chunying, press spokesperson, chief economist and director of the Department of Balance of Payments of the SAFE. She will brief us on the foreign exchange receipts and payments for 2019 and take your questions. Now I would like to invite chief economist Ms. Wang Chunying to brief on the situation. 2019-04-18 10:03:40 Wang Chunying: Good morning, everyone. Welcome to today's press conference. First, I would like to disseminate China's foreign exchange receipts and payments data for the first quarter and then I will be taking your questions. In the first quarter of 2019, growth in the global economy and international trade slowed down to certain extent. China's economy continues to operate within a reasonable range, maintaining overall stability and making steady progress. The RMB exchange rate was generally stable, China's cross-border capital flows remained stable, and supply and demand in the foreign exchange market was basically balanced. In the first quarter, banks settled foreign exchange in the amount of RMB 2.94 trillion (equivalent to USD 436.2 billion) and sold foreign exchange in the amount of RMB 3.01 trillion (equivalent to USD 445.4 billion), with a deficit of RMB 60.7 billion (equivalent to USD 9.1 billion). The data on banks' foreign-related receipts and payments for customers show that banks' foreign-related receipts for customers amounted to RMB 5.94 trillion (equivalent to USD 880 billion), and their external payments hit RMB 5.57 trillion (equivalent to USD 825.8 billion), representing a surplus of RMB 367.6 billion (equivalent to USD 54.2 billion). 2019-04-18 10:04:41 Wang Chunying: China’s foreign exchange receipts and payments for the first quarter present the following characteristics: First, the deficit in banks’ foreign exchange settlement and sales narrowed significantly, and foreign-related receipts and payments for customers registered a surplus. In the first quarter, in dollar terms, foreign exchange settlement by banks increased by 0.5% year on year, while foreign exchange sales fell by 2%. The deficit of USD 9.1 billion was registered under foreign exchange settlement and sales, down by 50% year on year, while the monthly average decreased by 74% from the second half of 2018. Banks' foreign-related receipts for customers increased by 4% year on year, while the payments decreased by 1%. The surplus of foreign-related receipts and payments was USD 54.2 billion, compared with a surplus of USD 10.7 billion in the same period of last year, and the overall deficit in the second half of 2018. In the first quarter, foreign-related foreign exchange receipts and payments recorded a surplus of USD 33.4 billion, up by 1.1 times year on year. Second, the supply and demand of foreign exchange maintained basic equilibrium. Affected by the Spring Festival holiday and other factors, the monthly foreign exchange receipts and payments fluctuated to certain degree, but the overall balance was maintained. Based on the data of banks' foreign-related receipts and payments for customers, the surplus from January to March was USD 25.7 billion, USD 4.4 billion and USD 3.3 billion respectively. According to the data of foreign exchange settlement and sales by banks, the surplus of January was USD 12.1 billion, and the deficit of February and March was USD 15 billion and USD 6.1 billion respectively. If other supply and demand factors such as forward settlement and sales of foreign exchange and option trading are taken into account, the supply and demand of China's foreign exchange market has continued to maintain an independent balance since the beginning of 2019. 2019-04-18 10:07:01 Wang Chunying: Third, the foreign exchange sales rate remained stable with a slight decrease, and the domestic foreign exchange loans of enterprises increased slightly. In the first quarter, the foreign exchange sales rate that measures the willingness to buy foreign exchange, or the ratio of foreign exchange purchased by customers from banks to the customer's foreign-related foreign exchange payments was 65%, down by 2 percentage points from the previous quarter. Meanwhile, willingness of enterprises for foreign exchange financing increased. As of the end of March 2019, domestic foreign exchange loan balance of Chinese banks increased slightly by USD 2.4 billion from the end of last year. Fourth, the foreign exchange settlement rate remained stable, and the current willingness of market players to hold foreign exchange was stable on the whole. In the first quarter, the foreign exchange settlement rate that measures the desire to settle foreign exchange, or the foreign exchange sold by customers to banks as a percentage of their foreign-related foreign exchange income, was 61%, consistent with that of the previous quarter. Foreign exchange deposits of enterprises and individuals rose slightly. By the end of March 2019, the balance of foreign exchange deposits of banks in China increased by USD 5 billion compared with that at the end of last year, representing a drop of USD 14.1 billion year on year. Fifth, banks’ forward foreign exchange settlement and sales maintained a surplus, and market expectations become more stable. In the first quarter, banks recorded a surplus USD 34.5 billion in contracts signed for forward settlement and sale of foreign exchange with clients, compared with a surplus of USD 17 billion in the previous quarter and a deficit of USD 17.8 billion in the same period last year, indicating that the current expectation for RMB exchange rate has become more stable. On a monthly basis, the surplus in contracts for forward settlement and sales of foreign exchange from January to March was USD 6.6 billion, USD 9.6 billion and USD 18.3 billion respectively. Sixth, foreign exchange reserves rose steadily. As at the end of March 2019, the balance of China's foreign exchange reserves was USD 3.0988 trillion, up by USD 26 billion from the level of the end of 2018. These are the major statistics regarding the foreign exchange receipts and payments for the first quarter of 2019. Next, I will be taking your questions. 2019-04-18 10:08:08 Moderator Shou Xiaoli: We are moving into the Q&A session. Please tell us what news agency you are from before raising your questions. Now please ask your questions. 2019-04-18 10:09:45 Reporter from CCTV of China Media Group: Since the beginning of this year, the Fed’s interest rate hike has slowed down, and China's financial sector has continued to open up to the outside world. In such context, what new features will the operation of our foreign exchange market have? What will the market look like for some time to come? 2019-04-18 10:11:12 Wang Chunying: Thank you for your question! Generally speaking, the foreign exchange market has been in a more stable state since the beginning of this year, and there have been some positive changes in cross-border capital flows of major channels. This is reflected through data of several indicators. First, the performance of RMB exchange rate was relatively outstanding among the world's major currencies. In the first quarter, the US dollar index rose by 1.2%, the emerging market currency index rose by 0.7%, and the middle rate of RMB against the US dollar appreciated by 1.9%. The RMB rose 1.9% against a basket of currencies of the China Foreign Exchange Trade System. Second, the cross-border capital flows were generally stable and supply and demand in the foreign exchange market was basically balanced. This is clearly evidenced by the data on foreign exchange settlement and sales, foreign-related receipts and payments, as well as foreign exchange reserves which we have just disseminated. Third, the RMB exchange rate expectation is stable, the market sentiment is steady, and the cross-border capital flow through major channels has further improved as well. In the first quarter, the net inflow of cross-border capital for trade in goods increased significantly. Cross-border capital inflow and foreign exchange settlement under direct investment and securities investment both increased. In addition, individual foreign exchange settlement and sales remained stable, with individual net foreign exchange purchases down by 22% year on year. Judging from these major statistics, China's foreign exchange market has been running more smoothly so far this year. 2019-04-18 10:11:53 Wang Chunying: There are several analyses and judgments on how to view the development and changes of foreign exchange receipts and payments in the next step: the current internal and external environment is generally conducive to maintaining the basic balance of foreign exchange supply and demand. Let’s look at several major influencing factors. First, the fundamentals of the domestic economy are generally sound. From the data released during this period, it can be seen that macroeconomic policies have strengthened counter-cyclical adjustment and proactive fiscal policies and prudent monetary policies will continue to be implemented, all of which are conducive to the sustained operation of the national economy within a reasonable range. In the first quarter of this year, China's GDP grew by 6.4% year on year. The manufacturing purchasing managers' index rose to 50.5% in March, exceeding market expectations, indicating that the countercyclical adjustment effect of macro policies has played an active role, which is conducive to boosting market confidence. In general, China is in and will remain in a period of important strategic opportunities for a long time to come. Therefore, our economy is resilient enough and has huge potential, and the long-term positive situations of economic growth will not change. We are confident that the economic growth target of between 6% and 6.5% set in this year's Government Work Report will be achieved, and these are the internal basis for the smooth operation of the foreign exchange market. 2019-04-18 10:16:58 Wang Chunying: Second, all-round opening-up provides an excellent policy foundation for cross-border capital flows or balanced development of cross-border investment. The Foreign Investment Law promulgated some time ago is conducive to further opening up, protecting the legitimate rights and interests of foreign investment, creating a stable, open, transparent, predictable and fair competition environment and promoting foreign investment. Meanwhile, steady progress has been made in opening up the financial market. After the second quarter, the practical efforts for incorporating domestic bond and stock markets into the international mainstream indexes will be intensified. In addition, with the improvement of our own strength and the needs of international development, the reasonable demand for overseas investment by the Chinese market players will continue to exist and will be effectively met. Therefore, no matter from the perspective of capital inflow or outflow, all-round opening-up provides a very good policy foundation for balanced development of cross-border investment. Our opening-up is bidirectional. Third, the Sino-US economic and trade consultations have made substantial progress and played an important role in stabilizing market sentiment. Maintaining the sound and steady development of Sino-US relations will help reduce uncertainties in the global economy and international trade and stabilize market expectations. 2019-04-18 10:21:53 Wang Chunying: In addition, the FOMC meeting in March signaled that Fed will not raise interest rates in 2019, and it plans to stop balance sheet reduction at the end of September. This will have some impact on the trend of the US dollar exchange rate and interest rates, which will provide more favorable conditions for the smooth operation of China's foreign exchange market. Of course, there are still some unstable and uncertain factors among the external factors, which we will continue to pay attention to. For example, global economic growth has slowed down, trade protectionism affects the development of international trade and market confidence, there are also destabilizing factors in international politics, and there are still risks of fluctuations in some emerging economies. Therefore, we have not only observed positive factors, but also paid high attention to the uncertainties. However, we need to look at the mainstream. On the whole, under the dominating stabilizing factors in terms of domestic economy and policies, we expect that China's cross-border capital flows will maintain a stable and basically balanced development pattern in the future. Thank you. 2019-04-18 10:28:55 Reporter from China Radio International of China Media Group: My question is: what are the policy orientations and specific measures of SAFE to further promote reform and opening up in 2019? 2019-04-18 10:34:47 Wang Chunying: Thank you for your question. Your question is actually one that we've been asked many times in our communication with the market and the media. People are all very concerned about what reform actions or policy orientations the SAFE will adopt under the current situations at the start of this year. In terms of general principle, we will stick to the following two basic considerations: first, we will deepen the reform of foreign exchange administration, promote two-way opening up of the financial market and serve the new pattern of all-round opening of the country. This is the first principle. Second, we will maintain the stability of the foreign exchange market, guard against the risk of cross-border capital flows, safeguard the security, liquidity, value preservation and appreciation of foreign exchange reserves, and safeguard the national economic and financial security. Specifically, I’ll brief you on what we are going to do: 2019-04-18 10:36:35 Wang Chunying: The first is to continue to facilitate cross-border trade and investment. First of all, we will further support innovation in trade patterns and optimize foreign exchange administration policies. Efforts will be made to further facilitate foreign-invested enterprises to transfer funds, and support qualified and capable Chinese enterprises to make authentic and compliant outbound investments. Secondly, in the course of steadily and orderly opening up the capital account, we will reform the qualified institutional investor system, simplify access management, and expand the scope of investment. In other word, we will reform the QFII and RQFII systems. Efforts will be made to promote open channel integration of the inter-bank bond market. Meanwhile, the SAFE will standardize the management of RMB bonds issued by foreign institutions in China and promote the development of the "panda bond" market in an orderly manner. In addition, we will fully implement the reform on the centralized operation and management of multinational companies' cross-border funds and significantly simplify procedures. Active support will be given to pilot free trade zones, the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Great Bay Area and the XiongAn New Area for taking the lead in pilot implementation of foreign exchange administration reform, and efforts will be made to support Hainan in comprehensively deepening reform and opening up. 2019-04-18 10:37:43 Wang Chunying: The second is constantly developing an open and competitive foreign exchange market. We will support securities companies and fund companies to participate in the foreign exchange market and diversify the types of foreign exchange market players. Only when more types of players are involved, can the supply and demand of foreign exchange market become diversified. We support innovation in foreign exchange derivatives to launch more types of options products, and support innovation of banks which have innovative capabilities. The introduction of these innovations will provide better and more convenient methods and approaches for market players to achieve value preservation and appreciation. We will optimize the exchange rate risk management of the foreign institutions which invest in inter-bank bond market. In the course of opening up, we will collect their demand in terms of exchange rate and value preservation by communicating with foreign investors. 2019-04-18 10:42:40 Wang Chunying: The third is refining the two-pronged “macro-prudential + micro-regulatory” management framework of cross-border capital flows. Efforts will be made to improve the monitoring, early warning and response mechanisms for macro-prudential management of cross-border capital flows, enrich the policy tool kit for macro-prudential management of cross-border capital flows, and counter-cyclically regulate cross-border capital flows in an open, transparent and market-based manner. In terms of micro regulation, the SAFE will continue to maintain the stability, consistency and predictability of micro regulatory policies across different cycles, crack down upon illegal and irregular activities in foreign exchange, and ensure the real, legitimate and compliant demands of the real economy. To sum up, the foreign exchange administration will continue to strike a balance between promoting reform and preventing risks, serve China's overall opening up and safeguard its economic and financial security. Thank you. 2019-04-18 10:43:59 Reporter from CBN: Recently, we have observed that it is quite obvious that foreign capital flows into China through the bond market and the stock market, could you please brief us on the scale of relevant fund based on the statistics of the SAFE? People are very concerned about whether these funds will exit at a certain point of time, and how will the risks brought about by inflow and outflow of such funds be guarded against? 2019-04-18 10:45:43 Wang Chunying: Thank you for your question. In the course of opening up of the securities market, China's balance of payments and foreign exchange market has kept stable on the whole. Based on the statistics of the SAFE, foreign institutions bought a net USD 96.6 billion of domestic bonds in 2018, up by 68% from 2017. Net purchases of domestically listed shares reached USD 42.5 billion, representing an increase of 85%. In the first quarter, net purchases of bonds and listed shares by foreign institutions were USD 9.5 billion and USD 19.4 billion respectively. Statistics show that, with the gradual deepening of opening up of the securities market, the domestic market has maintained a strong attraction for foreign investment, and the capital inflow under securities investment in China is relatively stable. In this period, the balance of payments remained basically balanced and the foreign exchange market functioned smoothly. In the future, the opening up of domestic securities market will be mainly reflected by orderly net inflow of overseas capital. Currently, in China's bond and stock markets, the proportion of foreign investment is still relatively low, accounting for only about 2% to 3% in the above two markets. This level is not only significantly lower than that of developed countries, but also lower than that of some major emerging markets. Therefore, from this point of view, China will still have relatively large room for improvement in the future. Moreover, from the arrangement of the domestic market being integrated into the international mainstream index, this process is expected to be a gradual and stable process, and its related impact is stable as well. For example, for the inclusion of stocks in the MSCI index, the integration factor is from 2.5%, 5%, 10%, 15% to 20%, which is an orderly process. Of course, steady progress in the two-way opening up of the financial market will also enable the overall cross-border capital flows to maintain a balanced development. 2019-04-18 10:47:23 Wang Chunying: People are also concerned about the stability of China's foreign exchange market operation in the event of capital inflow or outflow. In our opinion, in terms of the depth and width of China's foreign exchange market, it is still able to absorb the impact of the opening up of the securities market. First, since the establishment of a unified inter-bank foreign exchange market in 1994, China's foreign exchange market has made significant progress in its development and construction. At present, the domestic foreign exchange market has established a basically complete product system and a trading and clearing mechanism which is the mainstream in the international market, and the width and depth of the foreign exchange market have been continuously enhanced. Second, in recent years, in order to support the opening up of the financial market, we have vigorously promoted the trading mechanism that meets the demands of the real economy and the market, to facilitate foreign currency exchange and foreign exchange risk hedging for foreign institutional investors. On the whole, we have solid foundation for smooth operation of the foreign exchange market, the foreign exchange market has been constantly developing in an innovative manner, the market players have become more diversified, the products for trading have been enriched on an ongoing basis, the infrastructure has been constantly improved, the exchange rate flexibility has been further enhanced, the resource allocation efficiency of the foreign exchange market has been further raised, thus possessing better capabilities to absorb the impact of opening up of the financial market. Third, the opening up and connectivity of the capital market will help enhance the flexibility of the RMB exchange rate, enrich diversified trading players and trading channels, further expand the width and depth of the foreign exchange market, and more effectively absorb the impact from opening up of the securities market. 2019-04-18 10:56:15 Wang Chunying: On the issue of stability in the opening up of the securities market you mentioned, we need to look at it in the light of development. First of all, the economic fundamentals are the most important factor, and also a fundamental support for us to attract foreign investment. China's economic fundamentals remain sound and the economic structure has continued to optimize, which is conducive to the sustained and steady operation of the financial market. Second, by continuing to improve the RMB exchange rate formation mechanism and enhancing the flexibility of RMB exchange rate, the "automatic stabilizer" role of exchange rate in adjusting the macro economy and balance of payments will be given better play. Third, we will continue to deepen reform of the foreign exchange market, improve the supporting mechanisms for foreign currency exchange and foreign exchange risk hedging for foreign investors, and release the demand for exchange rate hedging in advance, all of which are conductive to stabilizing market supply and demand. Fourth, we will closely monitor developments at home and abroad and proactively guard against risks of cross-border capital flows. Thank you. 2019-04-18 11:06:33 Reporter of China Daily: Recently, the SAFE released the Regulations on the Centralized Operation and Management of Cross-border Capital of Multinational Companies. Could you please brief us on this issue? 2019-04-18 11:13:14 Wang Chunying: Thank you for your question. The SAFE recently released the Regulations on the Centralized Operation and Management of Cross-border Capital of Multinational Companies. The Regulations aim to further implement the reform requirements of the State Council on "delegation, administration and service", continue to promote trade and investment facilitation as well as investment and financing liberalization and facilitation, and further deepen the reform on the centralized operation and management of cross-border capital of multinational companies. The main contents are as follows: The first is further streamlining administration and delegating power. Simplifying the registration and management of external debt and overseas loan granting, and implementing one-time registration of external debt and overseas loans under the centralized operation of cross-border capital will greatly reduce the cost of trading players for conducting business, and bring greater convenience to market players. The second is expanding the new policy dividends. Pilot reform will be conducted to facilitate foreign exchange settlement and payment with regard to receipts of Multinational companies under the capital account after filing. When relevant funds are used for foreign exchange settlement and payment, authenticity certification materials are not required to be provided on a deal-by-deal basis in advance. 2019-04-18 11:14:41 Wang Chunying: The third is adjusting and optimizing account functions. When the host enterprise of a multinational company deals with cross-border capital to conduct centralized operation of various businesses mainly through the main account of domestic capital, the main account of domestic capital is a multi-currency account, and there is no limit on the currency and quantity of the account. The fourth is canceling the restriction that the number of cooperative banks shall not exceed three, and abolishing the restriction that enterprises shall clarify the specific allocation of external debt and centralized overseas loan amount in each opening bank" before filing. Therefore this represents a great simplification in this aspect as well. The fifth is canceling the manual reports. Relevant information is collected electronically and directly through banks, which greatly facilitates the operation of multinational companies. 2019-04-18 11:16:41 Wang Chunying: The sixth is strengthening the ongoing and ex-post regulation. Efforts will be made to exercise macro-prudential management over the centralized operation of cross-border capital by multinational companies, strengthen statistical monitoring, and guard against risks from cross-border capital flows through risk assessment, off-site monitoring, on-site verification and inspection. In general, the Regulations on the Centralized Operation and Management of Cross-border Capital of Multinational Companies reflects the principles of serving the real economy, coordinating the use of funds and effectively preventing risks, which is conducive to the faster and more convenient business operation of multinational companies in China. Thank you. 2019-04-18 11:18:58 Reporter of Economic Daily: As for the balance of payments, last year China's current account surplus narrowed. What is your assessment of this year's trend? Just now we talked about the opening up of the financial market. In your opinion, will China's capital account surplus increase by a large margin with the further opening up of the financial market? 2019-04-18 11:20:19 Wang Chunying: Thank you for your questions. In 2018, China once had a current account deficit in the first quarter, but it returned to surplus in the second, third and fourth quarters, and the whole year showed a surplus. This situation has aroused wide concern and we have also conducted continuous monitoring and analysis. Presently, China's current account is within a reasonable range of basic equilibrium. This is a basic judgment, which is not likely to have major changes. The current account balance is the external manifestation of a country's economic development and economic structure. It is not realized in a short period of time, nor will it change in a short period of time. Generally speaking, it is a relatively moderate evolution process. Presently, as China's economy enters a new stage of development, the domestic economic structure becomes more reasonable, and the current account will maintain a balanced development pattern in the medium and long run. Preliminary estimates for the first quarter of 2019 suggest a current account surplus of a certain scale. Specifically, the surplus of trade in goods expanded year on year, and the deficit of trade in services narrowed year on year. In the future, from the perspective of trade in goods, with the support of mature and complete manufacturing base, China's relevant products will maintain relatively strong international competitiveness with the continuous promotion of transformation and upgrade. From the perspective of trade in services, with the constant improvement of domestic service quality, ecological environment and education level, the improvement of the above "soft power" will make the cross-border consumption of domestic residents more rational and stable, which is conducive to the balanced development of current account. 2019-04-18 11:21:37 Wang Chunying: When the current account is more balanced, China's capital account will also show a relatively balanced development trend, and the balance of payments will maintain basic equilibrium on the whole. First, foreign capital inflows will continue to rise. Based on the balance of payments in 2018, the net inflow of various types of foreign capital reached USD 483.8 billion, up by 9% from 2017. Specifically, the net capital inflow of direct investment increased by 23%, accounting for 42%; The net capital inflows from securities investments rose by 29%, accounting for 33%. In the future, with the gradual expansion of the opening-up field, the rise of importance of the domestic market and the constant refinement of relevant laws, there will still be great potential to attract foreign direct investment in China. With respect to securities investment, the current proportion of foreign investors in the domestic capital market is relatively low, and the proportion of foreign capital in the bond market and the stock market is only at the level of 2%-3%. Under the policy of further opening up and facilitation, China is expected to become an important destination for global investors to diversify their assets allocation in the future. In addition, we have observed that the investment in China attracted by China's bond market is mainly the capital inflow from foreign central banks and other institutions for the purpose of medium - and long-term asset allocation. Therefore, the future inflow of foreign capital still has considerable room for improvement. 2019-04-18 11:27:16 Wang Chunying: Second, China's outbound investment will also grow steadily. In 2018, China's outbound investment of various types increased by a net USD 353.2 billion, which is 6% higher than the 2017 figure. Specifically, outbound investment with the nature of direct investment and foreign loans has increased by a large margin. In the future, the investment demand of the domestic players under ODI, securities investment and loans will still exist, and the overall growth will remain stable, which is conducive to the balanced development of cross-border capital flow under the capital account. In general, it is expected that in 2019, China's balance of payments will continue the development pattern of basic balance of current account and overall stability of cross-border capital flows. Thank you. 2019-04-18 11:29:13 Moderator Shou Xiaoli: This is the end of today's press conference. Thank you, Ms Wang. Thank you, friends from the press. Goodbye! 2019-04-18 11:30:19 (The original text is available at www.china.com.cn) 2019-04-18/en/2019/0618/1507.html
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The State Administration of Foreign Exchange (SAFE) has recently disseminated the data on banks' foreign exchange settlement and sales as well as their foreign-related receipts and payments for customers for February 2019. The SAFE spokesperson and Chief Economist Wang Chunying answered media questions on foreign exchange receipts and payments for February 2019. Q: Could you brief us on the characteristics of China’s foreign exchange receipts and payments in February 2019? A: Since the beginning of 2019, China’s foreign exchange market has maintained sound situations. However, the monthly data show that there were considerable fluctuations due to the influence of seasonal factors of the Spring Festival. Therefore, comprehensive analysis of the foreign exchange receipts and payments data of January and February would produce more objective and accurate results. Specifically: China’s foreign exchange market has been running more smoothly since the beginning of 2019. Firstly, the deficit of foreign exchange settlement and sales of banks narrowed, and the supply and demand on the foreign exchange market has maintained basic equilibrium. From January to February, banks posted a monthly average deficit of USD 1.5 billion in foreign exchange settlement and sales, down by 87% from the monthly average of the second half of 2018. Secondly, non-banking sectors such as enterprises and individuals recorded a large surplus in foreign-related receipts and payments. From January to February, the monthly surplus of non-banking sectors in foreign-related receipts and payments reached USD 28.3 billion, while the monthly deficit in the second half of 2018 was over USD 10 billion. Thirdly, the balance of foreign exchange reserves has risen steadily. At the end of February, the balance of foreign exchange reserves increased by USD 17.5 billion from the end of 2018. The balance of supply and demand in the foreign exchange market serves as the basis for the stability of reserves, and the rising asset price of reserve investment and other factors helped increase the valuation and balance of foreign exchange reserves. The cross-border capital flows of major channels have further improved. First, the net inflow of foreign exchange and the net settlement of foreign exchange under trade in goods increased. From January to February, the surplus of foreign-related receipts and payments and foreign exchange settlement and sales of banks on behalf of clients under trade in goods both showed a rising trend, with monthly surplus up by 1.9 times and 25% respectively as compared with that of the second half of 2018. Second, the net foreign exchange settlement under direct investment and securities investment increased to certain extent. From January to February, the monthly net foreign exchange settlement for direct investment and securities investment by banks on behalf of clients reached USD 4 billion and USD 1.5 billion respectively, an increase of 4.5 times and 4% year on year. Third, individual foreign exchange settlement and sales remained basically stable, with net foreign exchange purchase in January and February down by 19% year on year. Fourth, the value of contracts for forward settlement and sales of foreign exchange has maintained a surplus for six months consecutively, with a monthly surplus of USD 8.1 billion from January to February, against a deficit in the same period of 2018. Looking ahead, the foundation for the smooth operation of the foreign exchange market will continue to exist. In terms of the main influencing factors, first of all, China’s economic development is resilient enough and boasts of huge potential, the macro policies will strengthen countercyclical adjustment, and the proactive fiscal policy and prudent monetary policy will continue to be implemented. As a result, the macro leverage ratio is basically stable, the fiscal and financial risks are controllable on the whole, and the foreign exchange reserves are adequate, which have laid a sound economic foundation for the stability of the foreign exchange market. Besides, China has been promoting the opening-up in an all-round manner, which has provided a solid policy foundation for overseas capital to make investment in domestic market. In addition, substantial progress has been made in China-US economic and trade negotiations, and the expected interest rate hike of the FED has weakened remarkably, which are also conducive to stabilizing market expectations. As a matter of fact, there are still uncertainties in external environment, and we will continue to strengthen monitoring, conduct thorough analysis of the situation changes, refine the exchange rate formulation scheme on an ongoing basis, maintain basic equilibrium of the RMB exchange rate at a rational and balanced level, and improve the two-pronged “macro prudential + micro regulatory” management framework of cross-border capital flows, so as to safeguard the national economic and financial security. 2019-03-18/en/2019/0404/1502.html