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近日，一家前海外资企业的财务人员向银行提交业务背景资料。企业将收到一笔境外母公司汇入的人民币资本金，经中国银行审核资料并进行登记后，当天即可到账。“此前需要到银行开立资本金专用账户，现在直接通过基本户入账，效率提高了不少。”财务人员说。这一幕，是深圳前海金融改革赋能跨境投融资便利化的微观写照。 从2021年9月6日《全面深化前海深港现代服务业合作区改革开放方案》（以下简称《前海方案》）落地，到2023年2月《中国人民银行 银保监会 证监会 外汇局 广东省人民政府关于金融支持前海深港现代服务业合作区全面深化改革开放的意见》（以下简称“金融支持前海30条”）出台，这片土地用4年时间完成了从“政策试验田”到“金融开放样板间”的蝶变。截至2024年末，前海地区生产总值突破3000亿元，蛇口自贸片区进出口额达5379.8亿元，同比增长51.2%。这些数据背后，是“战略引领+战术突破”的政策协同，是深港两地的金融联动，更离不开以中国银行为代表的金融机构将政策红利转化为企业发展动能的生动实践。 “4年间，金融支持实体经济效能显著提升，政策叠加效应释放了巨大的发展动能。”工银国际首席经济学家程实在接受《金融时报》记者采访时说，这背后离不开高效便捷的跨境金融服务支撑。 创新引领：从“慢结算”到“秒到账” 在深圳前海蛇口自贸片区的跨境电商产业园，深圳某跨境电商企业的运营总监刚处理完一笔来自法国的订单。“两年前，我们最怕的就是整理海量订单及物流资料。”该负责人说，现在办理跨境资金结算方便多了。 这一变化的背后，是中行对深圳跨境电商阳光化试点政策的深度应用。“以前，跨境电商企业结算需要提交合同、提单等纸质材料，审核流程长。”中国银行深圳市分行相关负责人介绍，如今，跨境电商企业无需逐笔到银行提交真实性材料，“结算时间从3天缩短到3小时，甚至更快。” 这种跨境投融资便利化正推动前海外贸新业态的爆发式增长。2024年，深圳跨境电商进出口额达3720亿元，连续3年全国第一。其中，前海处理跨境电商监管场站货量约占全市95%，吸引亚马逊、谷歌、Temu、雨果跨境等头部企业“抢滩”。去年11月，亚马逊亚太区首个创新中心在前海启用；谷歌也宣布在前海设立跨境电商加速中心。 “外贸新业态是前海外贸增长的新引擎，而金融创新就是引擎的‘燃料’。”一位企业家感慨道。 金融“润滑剂”：助力“走出去”与“引进来” “当我们决定把海外仓从香港扩展到欧洲时，跨境资金管理是我们非常关注的问题。”影石创新有关业务负责人回忆道，作为国家级专精特新企业，影石创新的运动相机远销200多个国家和地区，但随着企业的国际化业务不断向纵深推进，其全球资金管理的复杂度也随之攀升。 前海“扩区”后，“南山创新+宝安制造+前海服务”叠加优势加速了企业“出海”的进程。中国银行针对科创企业“走出去”的需求，为影石创新定制了金融服务方案，协助其完成了跨国公司本外币跨境资金集中运营管理业务试点的备案与办理。“这一举措不仅有效降低了企业境内外成员单位的财务成本，更显著提升了其全球资金统筹管理的整体效能。”企业有关业务负责人表示。 金融服务就像“润滑剂”，让企业在全球市场跑得更稳。这种“润滑剂”效应同样体现在支持企业在华业务落地中。作为香港最大的航空公司，国泰航空近年来持续深耕内地市场，业务版图不断拓展。今年7月，国泰集团数码与信息科技深圳办公室正式启用，这不仅是国泰集团在内地规模最大的办公场所，更被赋予了重要战略职能。在这一布局落地的过程中，中国银行主动对接需求，通过提供专业的资金跨境结算服务，搭配定制化综合金融支持，高效保障了国泰航空内地新业务的资金流转需求，同时，也为前海吸引优质企业落户、深化深港产业协同注入了金融动能。 开放协同：从“顶层设计”到“落地生根” 回溯前海4年来的金融开放历程，《前海方案》与“金融支持前海30条”的协同，是贯穿始终的主线。 2021年《前海方案》出台时，明确了前海“依托香港、服务内地、面向世界”的战略定位，提出要深化深港金融合作、推进人民币国际化。但如何将宏观战略转化为企业能享受的红利？2023年“金融支持前海30条”给出了答案——从资本项目开放到跨境数据互通，从合格境外有限合伙人改革到民生金融便利化，30条具体措施构建了前海金融创新的“施工蓝图”。 “这是一种‘战略引领+战术突破’的协同。”有业内专家评价，《前海方案》确定了“往哪走”，“金融支持前海30条”则明确了“怎么走”。 在程实看来，以“跨境理财通”为例，《前海方案》提出要扩大深港金融市场互联互通，而“金融支持前海30条”则推动“理财通2.0”落地，优化额度管理、拓展投资品种。截至2025年6月末，粤港澳大湾区参与“跨境理财通”的个人投资者超16.1万人，资金跨境汇划超1180亿元，“这就是政策协同的直接成果。”程实说。 细数近年来的变化，“前海金融”催生了许多具有里程碑意义的创新。程实表示，例如，合格境外有限合伙人“总量管理”试点是对跨境资本流动管理模式的优化创新。前海率先推出的总量管理模式，改变了过去逐个项目审批额度的做法。 “总量管理模式允许符合条件的试点基金管理企业在获批的总额度内，自主设立多只基金，并灵活调剂规模。这极大地提升了外资进行股权投资的效率和自主性，吸引了大量国际风投创投机构集聚前海，更好地服务了内地的科创企业。”程实说。 此外，本外币合一跨境资金池业务的升级打破了传统上人民币和外币账户分别管理的格局，实现了“一本账”管理，极大地提升了跨国公司的资金使用效率和汇率风险管理能力。企业可以在一个池子内统筹全球资金，显著降低了财务成本和时间成本，增强了前海作为跨国企业财资中心的吸引力。 改革进入“深水区”：深港协同更进一步 当前，前海的金融改革已进入“深水区”，面临的挑战主要集中在制度衔接和风险防控的平衡上。 有受访专家对《金融时报》记者表示，当前，深港协同的一大挑战在于规则衔接的“最后一公里”。两地在法律体系、税收制度和金融监管标准上存在固有差异。虽然宏观政策打开了“大门”，但在具体业务操作层面，如何让两地的规则实现兼容和互认，仍然是最大的挑战。 此外，跨境数据流动的安全与效率平衡，也是当前存在的瓶颈之一。有机构人士表示，当前，金融业务高度依赖数据。如何在满足《中华人民共和国数据安全法》《中华人民共和国个人信息保护法》等法律的严格要求下，实现与香港高效、合规的数据互通，是制约业务深化的关键。 对于上述挑战，程实建议，下一步，要推动“软联通”机制建设，不追求一步到位的制度统一，而是通过“监管沙盒”对创新业务进行联合测试，协调监管标准。同时，深化专业资格互认，促进人才流动。探索利用技术手段解决数据互通，大力推广隐私计算、联邦学习等技术，实现在数据“可用不可见”的前提下进行联合分析和应用。在制度上，可以考虑在《粤港澳大湾区个人信息跨境流动标准合同》的基础上，探索建立更广泛的数据跨境流动“白名单”机制。 （来源：金融时报） 2025-09-30/shenzhen/2025/0930/2222.html
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国际储备与外币流动性数据模板 Template on International Reserves and Foreign Currency Liquidity 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 2025-09-30/safe/2025/0206/25746.html
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2025-09-30https://www.gov.cn/yaowen/liebiao/202509/content_7042829.htm
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2025-09-30https://www.gov.cn/yaowen/liebiao/202509/content_7042787.htm
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2025-09-30https://www.gov.cn/yaowen/liebiao/202509/content_7042957.htm
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2025-09-30https://www.gov.cn/yaowen/liebiao/202509/content_7042936.htm
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近日,外汇局黔南州分局通过电话沟通、实地走访等方式，对上半年新增的2家试点银行和4家试点企业开展业务辅导和调研，深入了解银行业务流程优化情况，掌握企业在便利化措施适用中的实际需求，着重围绕便利化政策进行解读，以合规守信为导向正向激励经营主体。 2025-09-30/guizhou/2025/0930/1813.html
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The time-series data of International Investment Position of China 2025-09-30/en/2018/0928/1459.html
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中国国际投资头寸表 2025-09-30/safe/2019/0627/13520.html
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In the second quarter of 2025, China's current account registered a surplus of RMB 925.2 billion, and the capital and financial accounts recorded a deficit of RMB 984.2 billion. In the first half of 2025, China's current account registered a surplus of RMB 2112.6 billion, and the capital and financial accounts recorded a deficit of RMB 1993.6 billion. In the US dollar terms, in the second quarter, China's current account recorded a surplus of USD 128.7 billion, including a surplus of USD 219.1 billion under trade in goods, a deficit of USD 47.1 billion under trade in services, a deficit of USD 47.4 billion under primary income and a surplus of USD 4.1 billion under secondary income. The capital and financial accounts registered a deficit of USD 137.0 billion, including a deficit of USD 71.8 million under the capital account, and a deficit of USD 136.9 billion under the financial account. In the US dollar terms, in the first half of 2025, China's current account recorded a surplus of USD 294.1 billion, including a surplus of USD 456.7 billion under trade in goods, a deficit of USD 106.4 billion under trade in services, a deficit of USD 62.9 billion under primary income and a surplus of USD 6.8 billion under secondary income. The capital and financial accounts recorded a deficit of USD 277.6 billion, including a deficit of USD 144.9 million under the capital account, a deficit of USD 277.5 billion under the financial account. In SDR terms, in the second quarter, China posted a surplus of SDR 94.9 billion under the current account, and a deficit of SDR 100.8 billion under the capital and financial accounts. In SDR terms, in the first half of 2025, China posted a surplus of SDR 220.9 billion under the current account, and a deficit of SDR 207.6 billion under the capital and financial accounts. In addition, in order to facilitate understanding of the data of Balance of Payments and International Investment Position among all data users, the BOP Analysis Team of the SAFE released China’s Balance of Payments Report for the First Half of 2025. (End) Abridged Balance of Payments, Q2 2025 Item Line No. RMB 100 million USD 100 million SDR 100 million 1. Current Account 1 9252 1287 949 Credit 2 76896 10693 7889 Debit 3 -67644 -9406 -6940 1. A Goods and Services 4 12368 1720 1268 Credit 5 69973 9730 7179 Debit 6 -57604 -8010 -5911 1.A.a Goods 7 15756 2191 1616 Credit 8 62696 8718 6433 Debit 9 -46940 -6527 -4817 1.A.b Services 10 -3388 -471 -348 Credit 11 7277 1012 747 Debit 12 -10664 -1483 -1094 1.B Primary Income 13 -3409 -474 -349 Credit 14 6209 864 637 Debit 15 -9618 -1338 -986 1.C Secondary Income 16 292 41 30 Credit 17 715 99 73 Debit 18 -422 -59 -43 2. Capital and Financial Account 19 -9842 -1370 -1008 2.1 Capital Account 20 -5 -1 -1 Credit 21 2 0 0 Debit 22 -7 -1 -1 2.2 Financial Account 23 -9837 -1369 -1007 Assets 24 -11567 -1610 -1184 Liabilities 25 1730 241 177 2.2.1 Financial Account Excluding Reserve Assets 26 -10524 -1465 -1078 2.2.1.1 Direct Investment 27 -918 -127 -94 Assets 28 -2165 -301 -222 Liabilities 29 1248 174 128 2.2.1.2 Portfolio Investment 30 -4043 -562 -415 Assets 31 -4644 -646 -477 Liabilities 32 601 83 62 2.2.1.3 Financial Derivatives (other than reserves) and Employee Stock Options 33 -648 -90 -67 Assets 34 -549 -76 -56 Liabilities 35 -100 -14 -10 2.2.1.4 Other Investment 36 -4915 -685 -502 Assets 37 -4896 -683 -500 Liabilities 38 -19 -2 -3 2.2.2 Reserve Assets 39 687 96 70 3. Net Errors and Omissions 40 590 83 59 Notes: 1. The statement is compiled according to BPM6. Reserve assets are included in capital and financial accounts. 2."Credit" is presented as positive value while "debit" as negative value, and the difference is the sum of the "Credit" and the "Debit". All items herein refer to difference, unless marked with "Credit" or "Debit". 3. The RMB denominated quarterly BOP data is converted from the USD denominated BOP data for the quarter using the period average central parity rate of RMB against USD. The quarterly accumulated RMB denominated BOP data is derived from the sum total of the RMB denominated data for the quarters. 4. The SDR denominated quarterly BOP data is converted from the USD denominated BOPdata for the quarter using the period average exchange rate of SDR against USD.The quarterly accumulated SDR denominated BOP data is derived from the sum total of the SDR denominated data for the quarters. 5. In the second quarter of 2025, the equity other than reinvestment of earnings under direct investment liabilities (credit) was USD 20.4 billion (RMB 146.5 billion). 6.This statement employs rounded-off numbers. 7. For detailed data, please see the section of “Data and Statistics” at the website of the SAFE. 8. The BOP data is revised regularly; please find the latest data in “Data and Statistics”. Abridged Balance of Payments, First Half of 2025 Item Line No. RMB 100 million USD 100 million SDR 100 million 1. Current Account 1 21126 2941 2209 Credit 2 148926 20731 15534 Debit 3 -127801 -17789 -13325 1. A Goods and Services 4 25156 3502 2626 Credit 5 136422 18990 14232 Debit 6 -111266 -15488 -11606 1.A.a Goods 7 32803 4567 3425 Credit 8 121960 16977 12722 Debit 9 -89157 -12410 -9297 1.A.b Services 10 -7646 -1064 -800 Credit 11 14462 2013 1510 Debit 12 -22109 -3078 -2309 1.B Primary Income 13 -4520 -629 -467 Credit 14 11170 1555 1163 Debit 15 -15690 -2184 -1630 1.C Secondary Income 16 490 68 51 Credit 17 1335 186 139 Debit 18 -845 -118 -88 2. Capital and Financial Account 19 -19936 -2776 -2076 2.1 Capital Account 20 -10 -1 -1 Credit 21 3 0 0 Debit 22 -14 -2 -1 2.2 Financial Account 23 -19926 -2775 -2075 Assets 24 -24788 -3452 -2585 Liabilities 25 4863 677 510 2.2.1 Financial Account Excluding Reserve Assets 26 -22847 -3182 -2384 2.2.1.1 Direct Investment 27 -3348 -466 -354 Assets 28 -5637 -785 -591 Liabilities 29 2289 319 237 2.2.1.2 Portfolio Investment 30 -8433 -1174 -882 Assets 31 -11113 -1547 -1164 Liabilities 32 2680 373 282 2.2.1.3 Financial Derivatives (other than reserves) and Employee Stock Options 33 -1183 -165 -123 Assets 34 -965 -134 -100 Liabilities 35 -218 -30 -23 2.2.1.4 Other Investment 36 -9884 -1377 -1025 Assets 37 -9995 -1393 -1039 Liabilities 38 112 16 13 2.2.2 Reserve Assets 39 2922 407 309 3. Net Errors and Omissions 40 -1189 -165 -133 Notes: 1. The statement is compiled according to BPM6. Reserve assets are included in capital and financial accounts. 2."Credit" is presented as positive value while "debit" as negative value, and the difference is the sum of the "Credit" and the "Debit". All items herein refer to difference, unless marked with "Credit" or "Debit". 3. The RMB denominated quarterly BOP data is converted from the USD denominated BOP data for the quarter using the period average central parity rate of RMB against USD. The quarterly accumulated RMB denominated BOP data is derived from the sum total of the RMB denominated data for the quarters. 4. The SDR denominated quarterly BOP data is converted from the USD denominated BOP data for the quarter using the period average exchange rate of SDR against USD. The quarterly accumulated SDR denominated BOP data is derived from the sum total of the SDR denominated data for the quarters. 5. In the first half of 2025, the equity other than reinvestment of earnings under direct investment liabilities (credit) was USD 39.2 billion (RMB 281.4 billion). 6. This statement employs rounded-off numbers. 7. For detailed data, please see the section of “Data and Statistics” at the website of the SAFE. 8. The BOP data is revised regularly; please find the latest data in “Data and Statistics”. 2025-09-30/en/2025/0930/2351.html