-
问：国家外汇管理局公布的最新外汇储备规模数据显示，2019年1月末，我国外汇储备规模较2018年12月末上升152亿美元。请问造成外汇储备规模变动的原因是什么？今后的外汇储备规模趋势是怎样的？ 答：截至2019年1月末，我国外汇储备规模为30879亿美元，较2018年12月末上升152亿美元，升幅为0.5%。 2019年1月，我国外汇市场供求基本平衡，跨境资金流动总体稳定。全球金融市场上，主要非美元货币相对美元汇率上升，金融资产价格有所上涨。受汇率折算和资产价格变化等估值因素影响，外汇储备规模小幅上升。 当前，全球经济增长面临放缓压力，国际环境不稳定、不确定因素较多，但我国经济继续保持总体平稳、稳中有进的态势，国际收支呈现自主平衡格局，为我国外汇储备规模稳定提供了坚实基础。 展望未来，虽然全球经济金融环境复杂严峻，但我国经济将延续长期向好的发展态势，全方位对外开放持续推进，外汇市场运行机制日臻完善，有条件保持跨境资金流动总体稳定和外汇市场供求基本平衡。国内外因素综合作用，我国外汇储备规模有望在波动中保持总体稳定。 2019-02-13/neimenggu/2019/0213/495.html
-
日前，国家外汇管理局公布了2019年3月末外债数据。国家外汇管理局新闻发言人、总经济师王春英就近期我国外债形势回答了记者提问。 问：请问2019年一季度我国外债情况如何？ 答：我国外债规模基本稳定。截至2019年3月末，我国全口径（含本外币）外债余额为19717亿美元，较2018年末增长65亿美元，增幅0.3%。 问：如何看待当前我国外债形势？ 答：我国外债规模增速放缓。一是外债币种结构继续优化。2019年一季度外债规模的增加主要由本币外债推动，本币外债占比较2018年末上升0.8个百分点。二是境外投资者配置境内人民币债券需求稳中略升。2019年一季度，债务证券余额较2018年末增加4.3%，占全口径外债余额的比重为22.6%。 在外部环境不确定不稳定因素有所增加的大背景下，我国经济运行延续总体平稳、稳中有进的发展态势，保持了足够的韧性。未来，外汇局将进一步健全跨境资本流动“宏观审慎+微观监管”两位一体的管理框架，坚持服务实体经济与防范跨境资本流动风险并重，促进经济健康发展。 2019-07-02/neimenggu/2019/0702/558.html
-
现行有效外汇管理主要法规目录（截至2019年6月30日） 2019-07-29/neimenggu/2019/0729/568.html
-
问：境内公司从事代理进出口业务，向海外保险公司投保进出口货运险，因交易频繁，故一次性支付一定期间的保险费，期末结算多退少补，预付保险费和多退少补款项应如何申报？ 答：（1）为出口货物提供的预付保险费，应申报在“225021服务贸易-保险服务-非人寿险-为我国出口提供的保险”项下；为进口货物提供的预付保险费，应申报在“225022服务贸易-保险服务-非人寿险-为我国进口提供的保险”项下。 （2）期末多付保险费退回，属退款性质，应当申报在与原涉外支出相对应的交易编码项下；少补款项支出仍应按原则（1）申报。 2020-08-11/tianjin/2020/0811/1475.html
-
问：境内A人力公司向境外B公司承包的境外工程提供劳务输出服务，收到B公司支付的劳务派遣人员管理费、社保及津贴等费用，则A公司应如何申报？ 答：由于劳务派遣人员与境外B公司不是雇主与雇员的关系，境内人力公司向境外合作企业提供劳务输出服务取得报酬应申报在“224010服务贸易-建设-境外建设”项下，交易附言注明：境外工程劳务输出报酬。 2020-08-12/tianjin/2020/0812/1476.html
-
The State Council Information Office (SCIO) held a press conference at 10 a.m. on Friday, July 17, 2020. Wang Chunying, deputy administrator and press spokesperson of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange (SAFE) was invited to share the foreign exchange receipts and payments data for the first half of 2020 and answer questions from the press. Shou Xiaoli, Press Bureau of the SCIO: Ladies and gentlemen, good morning. Welcome to the press conference of the SCIO. Today we are pleased to welcome Ms. Wang Chunying, deputy administrator and press spokesperson of the SAFE. She will share with us the foreign exchange receipts and payments data for the first half of 2020 and answer the questions of your concern. Now I will give the floor to Ms. Wang Chunying. 2020-07-17 10:00:02 Wang Chunying: Good morning, everyone. Welcome to today's press conference. First, I'd like to brief you on the foreign exchange receipts and payments situations for the first half of this year. Then I will take your questions. In the first half of 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic dealt a great blow to the world economy, with sharp ups and downs seen in global financial markets. Currently the pandemic and the world economic conditions are still challenging, complicated and full of uncertainties. While domestically, as epidemic control and resumption of work and production yielded significant results in recent phase, the economy has gradually recovered since the second quarter, with economic indicators recording marginal improvements and the renminbi exchange rate becoming increasingly elastic and staying generally stable. Overall, cross-border capital flows stayed generally stable, and the foreign exchange market witnessed balanced supply and demand, and demonstrated stronger resilience against external shocks. According to the data on foreign exchange settlement and sales by banks in the first half of 2020, banks settled US$ 953.5 billion and sold US$ 874.9 billion in foreign exchange, representing a surplus of US$ 78.6 billion, or in renminbi terms, banks settled 6.7 trillion yuan and sold 6.1 trillion in foreign exchange, recording a surplus of 553.1 billion yuan. At the same time, banks handled foreign-related receipts of US$ 1.9066 trillion and payments of US$ 1.9045 trillion for customers, representing a surplus of US$ 2 billion, or in renminbi terms, banks handled foreign-related receipts of 13.4 trillion yuan and payments of 13.4 trillion yuan for customers, recording a surplus 15.6 billion yuan. China's foreign exchange receipts and payments showed the following features in the first half of 2020: 2020-07-17 10:03:23 Wang Chunying: First, the supply and demand of the foreign exchange market remained basically in balance, with a surplus registered in foreign exchange settlement and sales by banks. In the first half of 2020, foreign exchange settlement and sales by banks reached a surplus of US$ 78.6 billion, including US$ 39.1 billion and US$ 39.5 billion in the first and second quarters respectively. In monthly terms, the monthly average surplus was US$ 15.5 billion from January to May, then contracted to US$ 900 million in June due to the climax of seasonal dividend payouts. Taking other supply and demand factors into consideration, such as net purchase of foreign exchange by foreign institutions in the interbank foreign exchange market and increase in foreign exchange position of banks, the supply and demand on China's foreign exchange market remained generally stable in the first half. Second, cross-border capital flows stayed steady, with a higher net inflow registered in the second quarter. In the first half, foreign exchange receipts and payments by banks for customers registered a slight surplus of US$ 2 billion. A deficit of US$ 30.1 billion was recorded in the first quarter, primarily due to higher outflow of the renminbi under stock investment, fueled by fluctuations in global financial markets in March. As two-way cross-border stock investments have returned to normalcy since April, a surplus of US$ 32.2 billion was posted in foreign exchange receipts and payments by banks for customers in the second quarter. Therefore China's cross-border capital flows remained stable in the first half, with a higher net inflow recorded in the second quarter than in the first quarter. 2020-07-17 10:04:14 Wang Chunying: Third, a lower foreign exchange sales rate was recorded, and enterprises' desire for foreign exchange financing in and outside China rose steadily. In the first half, the foreign exchange sales rate, the measurement of customers' desire to buy foreign exchange, or the ratio of foreign exchange purchased by customers from banks to foreign-related foreign exchange payments made by customers, stood at 63%, down by 3.5 percentage points year on year. By the end of June, the outstanding domestic foreign exchange loans rose by US$ 52.4 billion from the level at the end of 2019, indicating a stronger demand for foreign exchange financing among enterprises. Also by the end of June, the balance of foreign currency financing for cross-border trade such as import refinancing and forward L/C for imports fell by 3% from that of the end of 2019, but imports in the same period dropped by 7%, indicating stable desire for cross-border foreign exchange financing among enterprises. Therefore, we can see that despite a decreased foreign exchange sales rate, enterprises' desire for foreign exchange financing in and outside China strengthened steadily in the first half. Fourth, the foreign exchange settlement rate climbed steadily and market participants' desire to hold foreign exchange weakened. In the first half, the foreign exchange settlement rate, the measurement of customers' desire to settle foreign exchange, or the ratio of foreign exchange customers sold to banks to foreign-related foreign exchange receipts received by customers reached 66%, up by 2.0 percentage points year on year. By the end of June, the balance of foreign exchange deposits held by domestic market participants including individuals and enterprises dropped by US$ 5 billion from that of the end of 2019. Therefore, it is clear that market participants' desire to hold foreign exchange weakened along with steady growth in the foreign exchange settlement rate. Fifth, foreign exchange reserves rose steadily. By the end of June, the balance of foreign exchange reserves amounted to US$ 3.1123 trillion, up by US$ 4.4 billion from that of the end of 2019. In particular, the balance of foreign exchange reserves for June increased by US$ 10.6 billion, representing the third consecutive month of growth in the second quarter. Overall, the supply and demand on China's foreign exchange market remained basically balanced in the first half, while the changes in the balance of foreign exchange reserves were primarily driven by foreign exchange conversion and assert price changes. The above are the major statistics I'd like to share with you about China's foreign exchange receipts and payments for the first half. Next, I will take your questions. 2020-07-17 10:08:14 Shou Xiaoli: We will now move on to the Q&A session. Please tell us your news agency before raising your questions. 2020-07-17 10:11:37 CCTV: You've just said that the global spread of COVID-19 significantly impacted the world economic and financial performance in the first half. What's your understanding of China's foreign exchange receipts and payments under this circumstance? What changes would occur to China's foreign exchange receipts and payments in the second half in your opinion? Thank you. 2020-07-17 10:13:06 Wang Chunying: Thank you for your questions. As we all know, due to COVID-19 outbreak, the world economy has been sluggish in the year to date, with violent fluctuations seen in global financial markets. Under such a circumstance, China's foreign exchange receipts and payments have remained generally stable, and its foreign exchange market has shown strong resilience and risk-resistance capabilities, as indicated by the data I have just shared with you. This can also be seen from major figures, quantity and price indicators alike. 2020-07-17 10:13:51 Wang Chunying: On the one hand, as shown by the quantity indicators, the supply and demand on the foreign exchange market were in basic equilibrium. In the first half, bank customers' cross-border receipts and payments remained in surplus, and so did foreign exchange settlement and sales, denoting foreign exchange receipts and payments of domestic market participants including enterprises and individuals were in surplus. This was reflected by strong supply on the foreign exchange market. Then where did the surplus go? We can get a clue from net purchases of foreign exchange by foreign institutions and increased holdings of foreign exchange positions by banks in the first half. This shows that the supply and demand found an equilibrium among different market participants. This is the whole picture. The supply and demand of foreign exchange between domestic and foreign market participants were on the opposite ends of a seesaw. The state changed from one point of time to another, but an equilibrium was maintained on the whole. On the other hand, the price indicators suggest that the renminbi exchange rate went through ups and downs but remained generally stable in the first half. This was primarily driven by the domestic macro environment and changes in market sentiment. A review of the movements of the renminbi exchange rate shows that the exchange rate depreciated after a pickup between January and February, oscillated in March, and fluctuated in May again due to the impact from global markets and other events, and appreciated again recently, demonstrating significant features of two-way fluctuations. The band between the peak and trough of the renminbi exchange rate was 4.4% in the first half, which was stable and showed certain elasticity. Overall, the renminbi exchange rate remained robust. Although the trading price of the renminbi exchange rate against the US dollar in the domestic market depreciated by a slight 1.5% in the first half, yet the renminbi Index compiled by the China Foreign Exchange Trade System (CFETS) picked up by a slight 0.7% and the Emerging Market Currency Index for the same period fell by 11.8%. In my opinion, the changes in China's foreign exchange market in the first half show that China's epidemic response and resumption of work have delivered positive impacts and China's foreign exchange market is becoming increasingly open and mature. Let me explain this in detail. First, the stable performance of China's foreign exchange market shows China's epidemic response has achieved significant strategic results. In the year to date, the spread of COVID-19 and epidemic response have been decisive to changes in market sentiment and remained key factors to financial stability both at home and abroad. China's epidemic response has delivered significant impacts, with the spread of COVID-19 swiftly contained, which has been critical to maintaining strong market confidence and stable market sentiment. 2020-07-17 10:14:11 Wang Chunying: Second, the stable performance of China's foreign exchange market in the first half also shows positive results yielded by resumption of work. With resumption of work accelerated and monetary and fiscal support stepped up, economic growth turned positive from negative in the second quarter, with major indicators in recovery and domestic economic fundamentals at an advantage, which have laid a foundation for the continued economic recovery in the second half. The IMF anticipates that China may become the only major economy that can maintain positive growth this year. Third, the stable performance of China's foreign exchange market in the first half shows the policy impacts of expanding opening-up. We have been committed to improving our business environment and extending opening-up ranges in recent years, which has laid a solid foundation for attracting foreign investments. Encouragingly, China utilized 472.2 billion yuan in foreign capital in the first half, with the utilization rate growing by 8.4% in the second quarter, despite the fact that global direct investments have remained sluggish in the year to date due to COVID-19 outbreak. As the opening-up process of China's capital markets, foreign investors will find it more convenient to invest in China. The SAFE statistics show that foreign investors increased their net holdings of domestic bonds and stocks by US$ 72.9 billion in the first half, including US$ 59.6 billion in domestic bonds and US$ 13.3 billion in domestic stocks. Fourth, the stable performance of China's foreign exchange market in the first half shows that the market is trending towards more rational and orderly development. The strengthening elasticity of the renminbi exchange rate is favorable for the renminbi exchange rate to regulate the balance of payments as an automatic stabilizer, maintaining general stability of market expectations, driving market participants to trade rationally, and effectively boosting the supply-demand balance on the foreign exchange market, in which the renminbi exchange rate can play an important role. For your second question, I'd say that the above four points, epidemic response, resumption of work, opening-up policy and maturity of foreign exchange market, will continue to play their roles. Therefore, cross-border capital flows should stay stable in the second half. Granted, the COVID-19 will remain uncertain around the world, we will continue to ensure monitoring, tracking and full preparedness. We will also continue to adopt the two-faceted management framework of "macro-prudence and micro-regulation", which I mentioned in previous press conferences, while ensuring sound epidemic response and full preparedness. Therefore, we believe cross-border capital flows will be steady in the second half. Thank you. 2020-07-17 10:14:34 Economic Daily: The Balance of Payments data for the first quarter released shows a slight deficit under the current account. What are the major contributing factors behind this? What was the situation for the second quarter? What about the future trends? Thank you. 2020-07-17 10:55:27 Wang Chunying: Thank you for your attention to the current account. We have communicated with you issues on the current account many times in previous press conferences, which might have caused your concerns. The current account has drawn wider attention given its crucial role in the foreign-related economy as well. The data we released shows a deficit of US$ 33.7 billion under the current account in the Balance of Payments in the first quarter, which we believe is slight. This deficit accounts for -1.1% of China's GDP, which is still within the reasonable and balanced range. You may wonder what caused the deficit. This deficit, we believe, is due to COVID-19 outbreak. Customs statistics show that China's export slumped by 17% and its import dropped by 4% between January and February, leading to a deficit of US$ 6.8 billion under trade in goods, which was very rarely seen. As businesses reopened in March, China's import and export improved, but a much lower surplus was recorded. This impacted the balance of the current account for the first quarter. But generally speaking, the deficit under the current account as a percentage of GDP is within the balanced and reasonable range. 2020-07-17 10:55:40 Wang Chunying: As for the second quarter, we believe that impactful epidemic response and strengthened policy support would take effect. Production activities were also returning to normalcy at a faster pace in the quarter. The statistics available show that the current account was rebounding to a surplus step by step, but the ultimate data is not available yet. With regard to trade in goods, customs data shows China's export for the second quarter rose by 30% from the first quarter, and its import shrank by 10% year on year as crude oil prices plummeted. So a surplus of US$ 154.7 billion was recorded under trade in goods in the second quarter, which was greatly recoverd from the deficit for the first quarter. As for trade in services, the deficit under trade in services contracted further, driven by lower foreign exchange required for overseas trips due to COVID-19 outbreak. Therefore, the current account in the balance of payments for the second quarter should be in surplus, which is highly likely to contribute to a surplus under the current account for the first half. We are concerned about your response. But it is needless to fret over the slight deficit under the current account for the first quarter. Remember what we have been telling you how to evaluate the balance of the current account? It is normal that a slight surplus or deficit doesn't mean trendy changes, especially when the account is relatively balanced. We often study how to value the range of a surplus or deficit, using the current account as a percentage of GDP to assess the imbalance of the current account. Any percentage falling within the range of ±4% or ±5% can indicate the basically balanced current account. The current account will possibly remain within the reasonable and balanced range in the future, based on the following conditions and foundations: first, the developments of manufacturing and domestic economic structure, which determine the long-term trends of the current account. China has established a complete industry chain for manufacturing and its economic structure keeps being upgraded and updated. Second, the relationship between the deposit rate and the investment rate, which is key to the balance of the current account. China's deposit rate remains at a high level worldwide, which is fundamental to ensuring stability of the current account. Last but not least, China is currently leading the world in epidemic control, work resumption and economic activities, and its policy to stabilize foreign trade is taking effect, which makes it possible for the current account to stay within the reasonable range. These are what I want to respond to your questions. I hope better delivery can be made via you when viewing China's balance of payments in a more objective manner, especially the alternation between surpluses and deficits under the current account. Thank you. 2020-07-17 10:55:53 Haibao News: To support and improve business environment for foreign exchange in the Hainan Free Trade Port, what measures has the SAFE introduced to enable financial support for the construction of the port? What are the impacts? Thank you. 2020-07-17 11:07:02 Wang Chunying: Thank you for your questions. To support the development of the Hainan Free Trade Port, the SAFE approved six new foreign exchange administration measures to be taken in the port in January this year. Three of them have been officially implemented: cancelling itemized registration of external debt of non-financial companies, piloting outbound transfers of domestic credit assets and simplifying foreign exchange registration procedures for FDI. Relevant detailed rules are being developed for the remaining three measures: piloting foreign exchange receipts and payments facilitation for trade in goods and trade in services, further facilitating outward and inward remittance management of qualified foreign limited partner (QFLP) and piloting qualified domestic limited partner (QDLP). In March, the SAFE approved a pilot quota program for external debt facilitation in the Hainan Free Trade Port, which will give free rein to eligible high-tech companies in making borrowings no more than the equivalent of US$ 5 million from overseas markets, in the hope of supporting high-tech companies in external financing. We will continue to closely track the developments of innovative foreign exchange businesses under the capital account and policy impacts in the Hainan Free Trade Port in the future. We will strengthen ongoing and ex-post management and monitoring analysis and promptly address issues arising during implementation. We will also endeavor to adopt the early and pilot opening-up policies in the port and further study facilitation measures for cross-border financing. It is likely that some new measures will be first launched in the port. Thank you. 2020-07-17 11:07:42 Hong Kong China Review News Agency: We've noticed massive and frequent cross-border capital flows in recent years, especially under Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect and Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect. Would such flows impact China's foreign exchange market? As the pandemic is still raging abroad, what changes will occur to foreign holdings of renminbi assets in the future? 2020-07-17 11:35:51 Wang Chunying: This issue has drawn wide attention. As China continues to advance the two-way opening-up of its capital markets, cross-border capital flows have been on the rise in recent years. This is favorable for optimizing investor structure in domestic market, expanding investment and financing channels, and developing domestic capital markets to support the real economy. Therefore, two-way opening-up of domestic capital markets is of great benefits. As the capital markets are opened up, cross-border capital flows will become more fluctuating especially in the case of dramatic changes in market environment, which is normal though. But your concerns are understandable, and we have communicated with you before to address your concerns. In the process of opening-up we have been insisting on the principle of proactivity, gradualness and controllability, as well as reconciling the relationship among opening-up, development and stability. This principle has proved effective. As for your question, we believe that while the market environment changes rapidly and cross-border capital flows are fluctuating, the overall upward trend in foreign investors’ holdings of renminbi assets has not been impacted. Nor have cross-border capital flows under the capital account disrupted the supply-demand balance and general stability of China's foreign exchange market. 2020-07-17 11:37:59 Wang Chunying: First, the upward trend in foreign holdings of renminbi assets in the mid and long term has not been changed. Here is some data: in the year to date, the balances of foreign holdings of domestic stocks and bonds have increased. By the end of June, the balance of foreign holdings of domestic bonds amounted to US$ 369.1 billion and the balance of foreign holdings of domestic stocks, US$ 368.4 billion, approaching US$ 370 billion and up by 13% and 16% from those of the end of 2019 respectively, which both represented two-digit growth. The balance of foreign holdings of domestic bonds was three times as much as that of the end of 2016 and the balance of foreign holdings of domestic stocks, 3.4 times. We believe this mid and long term trend will continue for a while. On the one hand, China's opening-up policy will continue to deliver positive impacts. China is the world's second largest bond and stock markets, in which foreign holdings only account for 2%-4%, much lower than those of developed countries. In the US, foreign investors hold 26% of its bonds and 18% of its stocks, way higher than the 2%-4% in the Chinese market. This share is also lower than the levels of Japan and South Korea. Therefore, we believe this indicates better outlooks and large room for growth. On the other hand, renminbi assets are highly worthy of investment from a global perspective. During COVID-19 outbreak, China's economy has been quick to recover, indicating strong internal robustness, and all the indicators show marginal improvements, suggesting our economic fundamentals are at an advantage. China is also one of the few economies maintaining normal monetary policy, while other major economies adopt expansionary monetary policies. By the end of June, the gap between China and the US in the yield of 10-year Treasury bonds had exceeded 2 percentage points, reaching 2.24 percentage points, 1 percentage point higher than that of the end of 2019. Therefore, renminbi assets are worthwhile investments. Among foreign investors, many are foreign central bank-like institutions, whose investments are generally robust. There is one more data I'd like to share with you here. The IMF statistics show that the renminbi's share in global foreign exchange reserves had risen to 2.02% by the end of the first quarter, a new record high. This shows that foreign central banks' holdings of renminbi assets have grown steadily. Therefore, the upward trend in foreign holdings of renminbi assets in the mid and long term has not been changed. 2020-07-17 11:40:02 Wang Chunying: Second, what impact do such massive capital flows have on us, especially the fluctuating short-term investments like stock investments? Currently such an impact is acceptable to us. China's foreign exchange market has remained generally stable, returning to normalcy shortly after short-term fluctuations. In March, in the face of highly fluctuating global financial markets, market sentiment especially risk aversion was heightened, liquidity in foreign markets was strained, and as a result, massive funds flowed out of emerging markets. China was no exception, with outflows of foreign capital from its stock market, some of which went to the Hong Kong stock market. In the second quarter, cross-border mutual investment was re-stabilized. Data shows that, in the second quarter, foreign holdings of Chinese stocks rose by US$ 23.2 billion, and outflows of funds for southbound investment in the Hong Kong stock market dropped by 68% from the first quarter, so the situation recovered after short-term fluctuations. In the same period, net inflows were maintained in mid and long-term investments including FDI and foreign investments in the bond market. Therefore, China's foreign exchange market remained highly stable in the first half, with a slight surplus recorded in foreign exchange settlement and sales. In a word, the issues that concern you are very important. The market performance in China shows that the trends that foreign investors will hold renminbi assets over the mid and long term and China's foreign exchange market will remain stable have not been changed. 2020-07-17 11:44:01 Southern Metropolis Daily: The renminbi exchange rate against the US dollar has been fluctuating around 7 recently, and even exceeded 7 at certain points. How should we look at the overall movements of the renminbi exchange rate in the first half? What impact will a strengthening yuan have on our lives? 2020-07-17 11:45:50 Wang Chunying: As far as the renminbi exchange rate is concerned, I'd first like to tell you about the foreign exchange rate system adopted in China. Our foreign exchange rate regime is a managed floating regime based on market supply and demand, and with reference to a basket of currencies. Supply and demand play a decisive role in the formation of the renminbi exchange rate, which has never been changed. Short-term fluctuations in the renminbi exchange rate, as we have observed, are primarily driven by market forces. In the year to date, the renminbi exchange rate has been kept stable within the balanced and reasonable range. But two-way fluctuations have also been evident. Despite stronger elasticity, the renminbi exchange rate has remained generally stable. Relevant data shows that the renminbi exchange rate against the US dollar was nearly 7.2 at the lowest this year, but has appreciated to the level below 7 now, indicating evident ups and downs. Why do I say so? Let's look at it by stage. In the early period of COVID-19 outbreak, low market sentiment was reflected in the renminbi exchange rate when the market reopened after the Chinese New Year holiday. Then as epidemic control measures were launched, market sentiment strengthened, driving the renminbi exchange rate to rebound. But due to fluctuations in global financial markets in March, risk aversion was heightened, providing a boost to the US dollar and pressuring most non-US dollar currencies, including the renminbi. However, the renminbi soon recovered as epidemic response yielded positive changes and resumption of work was accelerated. This was the second stage. Then after short-term depreciation in late May, the renminbi has picked up since June and returned to 7 and even below recently, fueled by lower risk aversion and a weakening US dollar. In addition, yesterday's data shows that China's economic recovery has gained steam, with major indicators in recovery. Overall, in a complex and changing external environment, it is normal to see a fluctuating renminbi exchange rate. As for the impact of the renminbi exchange rate on our lives, I'd say that the depreciation of the renminbi exchange rate against the US dollar to 7 has little impact on people who hold limited foreign currency assets. Moreover, the opportunities for overseas trips and study have been reduced since COVID-19 outbreak, so the renminbi exchange rate against the US dollar, be it 7.2, 7, or 6.99, will have limited impact on our lives. But if there is an impact, it might be your book assets, which may change to some extent if you hold many foreign currency assets. However, the impact would be tiny if no exchanges happen. How much will the renminbi exchange rate against the US dollar be in the future? It will fluctuate with market changes. So will the impact. But the extent of the impact will depend on the size of your foreign currency assets as well as your philosophy towards asset management. Despite ups and downs, the renminbi exchange rate has stayed stable versus foreign currencies and will not have a significant impact on people's lives. This is what I want to share with you. Thank you. 2020-07-17 11:47:18 Hong Kong Economic Herald: Could you brief us on the latest progress in the SAFE's support for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area in investment and financing facilitation? Thank you. 2020-07-17 11:48:43 Wang Chunying: This concerns our policy for special economic areas. We have given much priority to the Greater Bay Area in foreign exchange administration, especially in pilot and early implementation. For example, on May 14, several ministries and committees jointly released the Opinion on Supporting the Construction of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area through Financial Measures, launching 26 initiatives on financial reform and innovation in five aspects. First, boosting cross-border trade, investment and financing facilitation in the Greater Bay Area. This is aligned with the SAFE's efforts over the past years. Second, deepening financial cooperation between the mainland and Hong Kong and Macao through expanding opening-up of the financial industry. Third, advancing connectivity in financial markets and financial infrastructure in Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao. Fourth, further promoting financial service innovation in the Greater Bay Area, which is also related to financial administration. Fifth, effectively guarding against cross-border financial risks. To support the construction of the Greater Bay Area through financial measures, the SAFE has implemented policies as follows: first, further promoting cross-border trade and investment facilitation. Specifically, the SAFE has eliminated restrictions on domestic equity investments by non-investing foreign-funded companies using capital funds, and delegated external debt write-off registration to banks, which can significantly save costs of enterprises for visiting different authorities. Second, the SAFE has carried out a pilot program in the Greater Bay Area for outbound transfers of domestic credit assets, expanding the scope of transferors, transfer channels and the scope of credit assets that can be transferred overseas. Third, the SAFE has carried out a pilot program for one-off external debt registration and facilitation quotas, giving free rein to eligible high-tech companies in making borrowings no more than the equivalent of US$ 5 million from overseas markets. This is the same as their counterparts in the Hainan Free Trade Port. Fourth, the SAFE has further optimized foreign exchange administration to support the development of foreign-related businesses. We have rolled out nationwide the piloted capital account receipts and payments facilitation reform, and enterprises in the Greater Bay Area are also entitled to this benefit. What's more, the SAFE launched yesterday a program to pilot the authenticity verification application scenarios for capital account receipts and payments facilitation through the SAFE's cross-border financial blockchain service platform. Guangdong is one of the five pilot regions. On the first day of the launch, under the guidance of SAFE’s Guangdong Branch, the Bank of China Nansha Branch in China (Guangdong) Pilot Free Trade Zone conducted authenticity verification for a US$ 5.52 million transaction under foreign exchange settlement facilitation for external debt for an enterprise in the free trade zone (FTZ), through the cross-border financial blockchain service platform, which symbolizes that this pilot program has been implemented in the Greater Bay Area in the first place. This application of the platform in financial services in the Greater Bay Area shows that the authenticity verification for capital account receipts and payments facilitation can be achieved online and within the blockchain. If more institutions join the platform, the costs of visiting authorities or manual verification costs can be slashed and authenticity verification will become much easier. This is what I want to respond to your question. 2020-07-17 11:53:36 Shou Xiaoli: We will take the last question as we are running out of time. 2020-07-17 12:07:46 China Daily: We have recently observed that foreign-funded companies and overseas listed companies have entered the seasonal peak time for dividend payouts. Could you brief us on this? Will this put pressure on foreign exchange purchases? Thank you. 2020-07-17 12:08:10 Wang Chunying: Thank you for your question. We have observed from our recent communication with friends from the press that they are concerned over these issues too, so we made an analysis. First, foreign-funded enterprises have the freedom to increase or decrease their registered capital and remit out their profits so long as these actions are authentic and in compliance with laws and regulations. In recent years, outward profit remittances by foreign-funded enterprises and overseas listed companies have stayed stable. The outward profit remittances increased slightly in the first half. Due to dividend payouts by foreign-funded enterprises and overseas listed companies, a cross-border outflow of around US$ 70 billion was recorded, up by more than US$ 7 billion year on year, which was modest though. By the end of 2019, FDI stock had amounted to US$ 2.9 trillion, up by US$ 100 billion year on year. Why do I share this data with you? While FDI stock increased, outward profit remittances rose by a similar margin. Along with gradual increase in assets and relatively high returns, profits will increase, which is normal. We need to look at both the amount of profits remitted out and the amount of assets foreign investors hold in China. Overall, the profits remitted out by foreign-funded enterprises matched with the increase in assets they held in China in the first half. At the same time, some profits have been reinvested in China and some have been remitted out to support operations of their overseas parent companies due to COVID-19 outbreak. This shows that foreign-funded enterprises are operated stably in China and enjoy relative advantages, which enable them to support their overseas parent companies through profit remittances when the parent companies are financially strained. Therefore, we can see China's sound economic fundamentals have provided solid support for the overall operations and growth of multinationals. As for your question on foreign exchange purchases, we find that while outward profit remittances have increased slightly, relevant foreign exchange purchases represent a year-on-year decrease, mainly due to outward remittances of a much greater amount of renminbi-denominated profits, which shows the effect of cross-border use of the renminbi. As the opening-up process of our capital markets, the overseas renminbi market has been expanded further and the acceptance of the renminbi has strengthened, so some multinationals are increasing their holdings of renminbi assets. This is why outward profit remittances have risen while foreign exchange purchases have fallen. In addition, why do outward profit remittances draw your attention at this point? Because outward profit remittances have evident seasonality and usually occur from May to July. This year is no exception. Outward profit remittances began to rise in May and will gradually drop and return to normalcy after July. Such seasonal and regular factors will not disrupt the overall stability of cross-border capital flows in China. The SAFE will ensure the continuity and consistency of policies so that authentic and compliant outward profit remittances will not suffer policy setbacks. Thank you. 2020-07-17 12:08:29 Shou Xiaoli: Thank you, Ms. Wang. Thank you, friends from the press. This is the end of today's press conference. 2020-07-17 12:13:03 (The original text is available on www.china.com.cn) 2020-07-17/en/2020/0717/1736.html
-
2019年2月，我国国际收支口径的国际货物和服务贸易收入9941亿元，支出10750亿元，逆差809亿元。其中，货物贸易收入8874亿元，支出8299亿元，顺差575亿元；服务贸易收入1067亿元，支出2451亿元，逆差1384亿元。 按美元计值，2019年2月，我国国际收支口径的国际货物和服务贸易收入1476亿美元，支出1596亿美元，逆差120亿美元。其中，货物贸易收入1317亿美元，支出1232亿美元，顺差85亿美元；服务贸易收入158亿美元，支出364亿美元，逆差206亿美元。（完） 中国国际货物和服务贸易（国际收支口径） 2019年2月 项目 按人民币计值 （亿元） 按美元计值 （亿美元） 货物和服务贸易差额 贷方 借方 -809 -120 9,941 1,476 -10,750 -1,596 1.货物贸易差额 贷方 借方 575 85 8,874 1,317 -8,299 -1,232 2.服务贸易差额 -1,384 -206 贷方 1,067 158 借方 -2,451 -364 2.1加工服务差额 79 12 贷方 80 12 借方 -1 0 2.2维护和维修服务差额 20 3 贷方 29 4 借方 -9 -1 2.3运输差额 -212 -31 贷方 212 31 借方 -424 -63 2.4旅行差额 -1,270 -189 贷方 129 19 借方 -1,399 -208 2.5建设差额 39 6 贷方 67 10 借方 -28 -4 2.6保险和养老金服务差额 -44 -6 贷方 10 1 借方 -54 -8 2.7金融服务差额 8 1 贷方 17 3 借方 -9 -1 2.8知识产权使用费差额 -112 -17 贷方 33 5 借方 -145 -22 2.9电信、计算机和信息服务差额 5 1 贷方 129 19 借方 -124 -18 2.10其他商业服务差额 150 22 贷方 350 52 借方 -200 -30 2.11个人、文化和娱乐服务差额 -11 -2 贷方 3 0 借方 -14 -2 2.12别处未提及的政府服务差额 -36 -5 贷方 9 1 借方 -45 -7 注： 1. 本表所称货物和服务贸易与国际收支平衡表中的货物和服务口径一致，是指居民与非居民之间发生的交易。月度数据为初步数据，可能与国际收支平衡表中的季度数据不一致。 2. 国际货物和服务贸易数据按美元编制，当月人民币计值数据由美元数据按月均人民币对美元中间价折算得到。 3. 本表计数采用四舍五入原则。 指标解释： 货物和服务贸易：是指居民与非居民之间发生的货物贸易和服务贸易交易，与国际收支平衡表的口径相同。 1．货物贸易: 指经济所有权在我国居民与非居民之间发生转移的货物交易。贷方记录货物出口，借方记录货物进口。货物账户数据主要来源于海关进出口统计，但与海关统计存在以下主要区别：一是国际收支中的货物只记录所有权发生了转移的货物（如一般贸易、进料加工贸易等贸易方式的货物），所有权未发生转移的货物（如来料加工或出料加工贸易）不纳入货物统计，而纳入服务贸易统计；二是计价方面，国际收支统计要求进出口货值均按离岸价格记录，海关出口货值为离岸价格，但进口货值为到岸价格，因此国际收支统计从海关进口货值中调出国际运保费支出，并纳入服务贸易统计；三是补充了海关未统计的转手买卖下的货物净出口数据。 2．服务贸易：包括加工服务，维护和维修服务，运输，旅行，建设，保险和养老金服务，金融服务，知识产权使用费，电信、计算机和信息服务，其他商业服务，个人、文化和娱乐服务以及别处未提及的政府服务。贷方记录提供的服务，借方记录接受的服务。 2.1加工服务：又称“对他人拥有的实物投入的制造服务”，指货物的所有权没有在所有者和加工方之间发生转移，加工方仅提供加工、装配、包装等服务，并从货物所有者处收取加工服务费用。贷方记录我国居民为非居民拥有的实物提供的加工服务。借方记录我国居民接受非居民的加工服务。 2.2维护和维修服务：指居民或非居民向对方所拥有的货物和设备（如船舶、飞机及其他运输工具）提供的维修和保养工作。贷方记录我国居民向非居民提供的维护和维修服务。借方记录我国居民接受的非居民维护和维修服务。 2.3运输：指将人和物体从一地点运送至另一地点的过程以及相关辅助和附属服务，以及邮政和邮递服务。贷方记录居民向非居民提供的国际运输、邮政快递等服务。借方记录居民接受的非居民国际运输、邮政快递等服务。 2.4旅行：指旅行者在其作为非居民的经济体旅行期间消费的物品和购买的服务。贷方记录我国居民向在我国境内停留不足一年的非居民以及停留期限不限的非居民留学人员和就医人员提供的货物和服务。借方记录我国居民境外旅行、留学或就医期间购买的非居民货物和服务。 2.5建设服务：指建筑形式的固定资产的建立、翻修、维修或扩建，工程性质的土地改良、道路、桥梁和水坝等工程建筑，相关的安装、组装、油漆、管道施工、拆迁和工程管理等，以及场地准备、测量和爆破等专项服务。贷方记录我国居民在经济领土之外提供的建设服务。借方记录我国居民在我国经济领土内接受的非居民建设服务。 2.6保险和养老金服务：指各种保险服务，以及同保险交易有关的代理商的佣金。贷方记录我国居民向非居民提供的人寿保险和年金、非人寿保险、再保险、标准化担保服务以及相关辅助服务。借方记录我国居民接受非居民的人寿保险和年金、非人寿保险、再保险、标准化担保服务以及相关辅助服务。 2.7金融服务：指金融中介和辅助服务，但不包括保险和养老金服务项目所涉及的服务。贷方记录我国居民向非居民提供的金融中介和辅助服务。借方记录我国居民接受非居民的金融中介和辅助服务。 2.8知识产权使用费：指居民和非居民之间经许可使用无形的、非生产/非金融资产和专有权以及经特许安排使用已问世的原作或原型的行为。贷方记录我国居民向非居民提供的知识产权相关服务。借方记录我国居民使用的非居民知识产权服务。 2.9电信、计算机和信息服务：指居民和非居民之间的通信服务以及与计算机数据和新闻有关的服务交易，但不包括以电话、计算机和互联网为媒介交付的商业服务。贷方记录本国居民向非居民提供的电信服务、计算机服务和信息服务。借方记录本国居民接受非居民提供的电信服务、计算机服务和信息服务。 2.10其他商业服务: 指居民和非居民之间其他类型的服务，包括研发服务，专业和管理咨询服务，技术、贸易相关等服务。贷方记录我国居民向非居民提供的其他商业服务。借方记录我国居民接受的非居民其他商业服务。 2.11个人、文化娱乐服务: 指居民和非居民之间与个人、文化和娱乐有关的服务交易，包括视听和相关服务（电影、收音机、电视节目和音乐录制品），其他个人、文化娱乐服务（健康、教育等）。贷方记录我国居民向非居民提供的相关服务。借方记录我国居民接受的非居民相关服务。 2.12别处未提及的政府服务：指在其他货物和服务类别中未包括的政府和国际组织提供和购买的各项货物和服务。贷方记录我国居民向非居民提供的别处未涵盖的货物和服务。借方记录我国居民向非居民购买的别处未涵盖的货物和服务。 2019-04-02/neimenggu/2019/0402/514.html
-
根据《中华人民共和国反洗钱法》（中华人民共和国主席令第五十六号）和《中华人民共和国外汇管理条例》（中华人民共和国国务院令第532号），国家外汇管理局加强外汇市场监管，严厉打击虚假、欺骗性外汇交易，维护外汇市场健康良性秩序。根据《中华人民共和国政府信息公开条例》（中华人民共和国国务院令第711号）等相关规定，现将部分违规典型案件通报如下： 案例1：南京银行上海浦东支行虚假转口贸易付汇案 2016年2月至3月，南京银行上海浦东支行凭企业虚假提单办理转口贸易付汇业务。 该行上述行为违反《外汇管理条例》第十二条。根据《外汇管理条例》第四十七条，处以罚没款80万元人民币。 案例2: 农业银行宁波市分行虚假转口贸易付汇案 2016年9月至2017年9月，农业银行宁波市分行凭企业无效提单或重复单证办理转口贸易付汇业务，未按规定在同一银行网点办理转口贸易收付汇业务。 该行上述行为违反《外汇管理条例》第十二条、《国家外汇管理局关于进一步促进贸易投资便利化完善真实性审核的通知》第五条。根据《外汇管理条例》第四十七条，责令改正，处以罚没款64.48万元人民币。 案例3：工商银行南昌北京西路支行虚假转口贸易付汇案 2016年9月至2017年10月，工商银行南昌北京西路支行凭企业虚假提单办理转口贸易付汇业务。 该行上述行为违反《外汇管理条例》第十二条。根据《外汇管理条例》第四十七条，责令改正，处以罚没款111.54万元人民币。 案例4：兴业银行台州分行违规办理内保外贷案 2015年4月至2016年5月，兴业银行台州分行在办理内保外贷签约及履约付汇业务时，未尽审核责任，未按规定对贷款资金用途、预计还款资金来源、担保履约可能性及相关交易背景进行尽职审核和调查。 该行上述行为违反《跨境担保外汇管理规定》第十二条及第二十八条。根据《外汇管理条例》第四十七条，责令改正，处以罚没款95.31万元人民币。 案例5：招商银行杭州分行个人分拆售付汇案 2016年1月至11月，招商银行杭州分行违规为客户利用303名境内个人年度购汇额度办理分拆售付汇业务。 该行上述行为违反《个人外汇管理办法》第七条。根据《外汇管理条例》第四十七条，责令改正，处以罚没款100万元人民币。 案例6：山东清源集团有限公司逃汇案 2016年5月，山东清源集团有限公司使用虚假合同、发票、提单，虚构贸易背景对外付汇955.5万美元。 该行为违反《外汇管理条例》第十二条，构成逃汇行为。根据《外汇管理条例》第三十九条，处以罚款309.74万元人民币。处罚信息纳入中国人民银行征信系统。 案例7：广州飏帆贸易有限公司逃汇案 2016年5月至2017年6月，广州飏帆贸易有限公司使用虚假提单，虚构贸易背景对外付汇9285.8万美元。 该行为违反《外汇管理条例》第十二条，构成逃汇行为。根据《外汇管理条例》第三十九条，处以罚款3734万元人民币。处罚信息纳入中国人民银行征信系统。 案例8：乡村基（重庆）投资有限公司逃汇案 2016年11月至2017年3月，乡村基（重庆）投资有限公司实际控制人未按规定办理境外投资外汇登记及变更登记，违规向境外母公司汇出利润，金额合计885.99万美元。 该行为违反《外汇管理条例》第十六条，构成逃汇行为。根据《外汇管理条例》第三十九条，处以罚款302万元人民币。处罚信息纳入中国人民银行征信系统。 案例9：宁波慧力国际贸易有限公司逃汇案 2017年2月至2018年3月，宁波慧力国际贸易有限公司使用虚假提单，虚构贸易背景对外付汇1565.62万美元。 该行为违反《外汇管理条例》第十二条，构成逃汇行为。根据《外汇管理条例》第三十九条，处以罚款509.84万元人民币。处罚信息纳入中国人民银行征信系统。 案例10：北京欣华阳商贸有限公司逃汇案 2017年5月，北京欣华阳商贸有限公司使用无效提单，虚构贸易背景对外付汇619万美元。 该行为违反《外汇管理条例》第十二条，构成逃汇行为。根据《外汇管理条例》第三十九条，处以罚款213.65万元人民币。处罚信息纳入中国人民银行征信系统。 案例11：泰豪电源技术有限公司逃汇案 2017年5月，泰豪电源技术有限公司使用虚假提单，虚构贸易背景对外付汇200万欧元。 该行为违反《外汇管理条例》第十二条，构成逃汇行为。根据《外汇管理条例》第三十九条，处以罚款80万元人民币。处罚信息纳入中国人民银行征信系统。 案例12：四川籍刘某非法买卖外汇案 2014年6月至2015年8月，刘某通过地下钱庄分12笔汇入767.17万港元。 该行为违反《个人外汇管理办法》第三十条，构成非法买卖外汇行为。根据《外汇管理条例》第四十五条，处以罚款49.14万元人民币。对其实施“关注名单”管理，并纳入中国人民银行征信系统。 案例13：湖北籍曹某非法买卖外汇案 2015年7月至2016年3月，曹某通过地下钱庄非法买卖港元34笔，金额合计899.32万元人民币。 该行为违反《个人外汇管理办法》第三十条，构成非法买卖外汇行为。根据《外汇管理条例》第四十五条，处以罚款71.95万元人民币。对其实施“关注名单”管理，并纳入中国人民银行征信系统。 案例14：重庆籍彭某非法买卖外汇案 2015年9月至12月，彭某通过地下钱庄购买美元16笔汇往境外，金额合计1383.58万元人民币。 该行为违反《个人外汇管理办法》第三十条，构成非法买卖外汇行为。根据《外汇管理条例》第四十五条，处以罚款96.85万元人民币。对其实施“关注名单”管理，并纳入中国人民银行征信系统。 案例15：安徽籍张某非法买卖外汇案 2017年1月至2018年4月，张某通过地下钱庄多次非法买卖港元，金额合计376.24万元人民币。 该行为违反《个人外汇管理办法》第三十条，构成非法买卖外汇行为。根据《外汇管理条例》第四十五条，处以罚款45.2万元人民币。对其实施“关注名单”管理，并纳入中国人民银行征信系统。 案例16：浙江籍洪某私自买卖外汇案 2011年2月至2015年10月，洪某向他人账户支付3.12亿元人民币，私自购买外汇，用于在境外购买房产等。 该行为违反《个人外汇管理办法》第三十条，构成私自买卖外汇行为。根据《外汇管理条例》第四十五条，处以罚款2497万元人民币。对其实施“关注名单”管理，并纳入中国人民银行征信系统。 案例17：广东籍孙某分拆逃汇案 2016年1月至2017年7月，孙某利用34名境内个人的个人年度购汇额度，将个人资金分拆购汇后汇往境外账户，非法转移资金合计244.62万美元，用于境外投资等。 该行为违反《个人外汇管理办法》第七条，构成逃汇行为。根据《外汇管理条例》第三十九条，处以罚款83万元人民币。对其实施“关注名单”管理，并纳入中国人民银行征信系统。 2019-05-29/neimenggu/2019/0529/539.html
-
国家外汇管理局统计数据显示，2019年3月，银行结汇10153亿元人民币（等值1513亿美元），售汇10565亿元人民币（等值1575亿美元），结售汇逆差412亿元人民币（等值61亿美元）。其中，银行代客结汇9474亿元人民币，售汇9640亿元人民币，结售汇逆差166亿元人民币；银行自身结汇679亿元人民币，售汇925亿元人民币，结售汇逆差246亿元人民币。同期，银行代客远期结汇签约1526亿元人民币，远期售汇签约301亿元人民币，远期净结汇1225亿元人民币。截至本月末，远期累计未到期结汇3737亿元人民币，未到期售汇6794亿元人民币，未到期净售汇3057亿元人民币；未到期期权Delta净敞口-2021亿元人民币。 2019年1-3月，银行累计结汇29443亿元人民币（等值4362亿美元），累计售汇30050亿元人民币（等值4454亿美元），累计结售汇逆差607亿元人民币（等值91亿美元）。其中，银行代客累计结汇27345亿元人民币，累计售汇27502亿元人民币，累计结售汇逆差157亿元人民币；银行自身累计结汇2098亿元人民币，累计售汇2548亿元人民币，累计结售汇逆差450亿元人民币。同期，银行代客累计远期结汇签约3572亿元人民币，累计远期售汇签约1252亿元人民币，累计远期净结汇2320亿元人民币。 2019年3月，银行代客涉外收入20095亿元人民币（等值2995亿美元），对外付款20248亿元人民币（等值3018亿美元），涉外收付款逆差153亿元人民币（等值23亿美元）。 2019年1-3月，银行代客涉外收入59387亿元人民币（等值8800亿美元），对外付款55711亿元人民币（等值8258亿美元），涉外收付款顺差3676亿元人民币（等值542亿美元）。 附：名词解释和相关说明 国际收支是指我国居民与 非居民间发生的一切经济交易，包括引起居民和非居民间资产和负债变化的所有金融交易和实物交易。 银行结售汇是指银行为客户及其自身办理的结汇和售汇业务，包括远期结售汇履约和期权行权数据，不包括银行间外汇市场交易数据。银行结售汇统计时点为人民币与外汇兑换行为发生时。其中，结汇是指外汇所有者将外汇卖给外汇指定银行，售汇是指外汇指定银行将外汇卖给外汇使用者。结售汇差额是结汇与售汇的轧差数。银行结售汇形成的差额将通过银行在银行间外汇市场买卖平盘，是引起我国外汇储备变化的主要来源之一，但其不等于同期外汇储备的增减额。 银行结售汇不按居民与非居民交易的原则进行统计，且其仅包括银行与客户及其自身之间发生的本外币买卖，即人民币和外汇的兑换交易，不同于国际收支交易的统计范围。 远期结售汇签约是指银行与客户协商签订远期结汇（售汇）合同，约定将来办理结汇（售汇）的外汇币种、金额、汇率和期限；到期外汇收入（支出）发生时，即按照远期结汇（售汇）合同订明的币种、金额、汇率办理结汇（售汇）。远期结售汇业务使得企业可提前锁定未来结汇或售汇的汇率，从而有效规避人民币汇率变动的风险。银行一般会通过银行间外汇市场来对冲远期结售汇业务形成的风险敞口。比如，当银行签订的远期结汇大于远期售汇时，银行一般会将同等金额的外汇提前在银行间外汇市场卖出，反之亦然。因而远期结售汇也是影响我国外汇储备变化的一个因素。 远期结售汇平仓是指客户因真实需求背景发生变更、无法履行资金交割义务，对原交易反向平盘，了结部分或全部远期头寸的行为。 远期结售汇展期是指客户因真实需求背景发生变更，调整原交易交割时间的行为。 本期末远期结售汇累计未到期额是指银行与客户签订的远期结汇和售汇合同在本期末仍未到期的余额；差额是指未到期远期结汇和售汇余额之差。签约额与累计未到期额之间的关系为：本期末远期结售汇累计未到期额=上期末远期结售汇累计未到期额+本期远期结售汇签约额-本期远期结售汇履约额-本期远期结售汇平仓额。 未到期期权Delta净敞口是指银行对客户办理的期权业务在本期末累计未到期合约所隐含的即期汇率风险敞口。银行为管理这部分风险敞口，在期权合约存续期间通常会在外汇市场进行对冲。 银行代客涉外收付款是指境内非银行居民机构和个人（统称非银行部门）通过境内银行与非居民机构和个人之间发生的收付款，不包括现钞收付和银行自身涉外收付款。具体包括：非银行部门和非居民之间通过境内银行发生的跨境收付款（包括外汇和人民币），以及非银行部门和非居民之间通过境内银行发生的境内收付款（暂不包括境内居民个人与境内非居民个人之间发生的人民币收付款），统计时点为客户在境内银行办理涉外收付款时。其中，银行代客涉外收入是指非银行部门通过境内银行从非居民收入的款项，银行代客对外支出是指非银行部门通过境内银行向非居民支付的款项。 银行代客涉外收付款是国际收支统计的组成部分，但其统计原则与国际收支采用的权责发生制原则不同，采用资金收付制原则，且其仅反映境内非银行部门与非居民之间的资金流动状况，不能反映实物交易和银行自身的涉外交易，统计范围小于国际收支统计。 2019-04-19/neimenggu/2019/0419/522.html
-
日前，国家外汇管理局公布了2018年11月份银行结售汇和银行代客涉外收付款数据。国家外汇管理局新闻发言人、总经济师王春英就11月份外汇收支形势回答了记者提问。 问：请问如何看待11月份我国外汇收支形势？ 答：11月份，境内外汇市场供求呈现基本平衡。我国外汇市场的供求主要有两部分组成：一是银行结售汇差额。二是境内银行、境外清算行等市场主体在银行间外汇市场上的外汇买卖。如11月份客户的远期结售汇变化使得银行向市场增加了112亿美元外汇供给，与银行结售汇逆差实现了供需基本平衡。在境内外汇市场供求基本平衡、汇率折算以及资产价格变动等因素综合作用下，2018年11月末我国外汇储备余额为30617亿美元，较10月末上升86亿美元。 当前外汇市场预期总体稳定。首先，随着市场环境的变化，11月以来人民币对美元汇率总体升值，市场主体的汇率预期合理分化，使得11月银行远期结售汇签约连续第3个月保持顺差，推动银行部门向市场增加外汇供给。其次，企业利用外资、对外投资、跨境融资、内保外贷等保持基本稳定；个人购汇继续呈现稳中有降态势，10月和11月个人购汇规模均处于今年较低水平，11月同比下降9%。 近一段时期，国际环境错综复杂，外部压力持续存在，但我国外汇市场总体呈现双向波动、基本稳定的格局，没有出现趋势性的变化。这一方面体现了我国经济平稳运行的根本性作用，另一方面也说明外汇市场参与主体更趋理性，适应外部环境变化的能力不断提升。未来，我国将坚持深化市场化改革、扩大高水平开放，保持经济持续健康发展，有助于进一步夯实我国外汇市场稳定的基础。 2018-12-20/neimenggu/2018/1220/474.html