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日前，国家外汇管理局公布了2020年11月份银行结售汇和银行代客涉外收付款数据。国家外汇管理局副局长、新闻发言人王春英就2020年11月份外汇收支形势回答了记者提问。 问：2020年11月份我国外汇收支形势有何变化？ 答：11月份我国外汇市场运行稳健，跨境收支交易趋于自主平衡。从主要指标表现看，银行结售汇顺差30亿美元，非银行部门跨境收支顺差4亿美元，显示当前外汇市场交易理性有序，跨境资金流动总体均衡。11月末，外汇储备余额31785亿美元，规模保持基本稳定。 市场主体结售汇意愿总体平稳。11月，衡量企业结汇意愿的结汇率，也就是客户向银行卖出外汇与客户涉外外汇收入之比为63%，与上年同期基本持平；衡量购汇意愿的售汇率，也就是客户从银行买汇与客户涉外外汇支出之比为65%，同比略降1个百分点。 主要渠道跨境资金流动有增有减、合理分化。11月，在海关进出口顺差增长带动下，货物贸易结售汇顺差同比增加55亿美元；服务贸易结售汇逆差同比收窄56亿美元，继续保持低位；跨境双向直接投资保持活跃，资金净流入规模与上年同期基本持平；股票项下双向投资基本稳定，其中“陆股通”渠道外资净买入A股579亿元人民币，“港股通”渠道居民净买入H股601亿元人民币。 当前，外汇市场运行平稳有序，跨境资金流动双向均衡，但新冠肺炎疫情发展和外部环境仍存在诸多不确定性，金融机构和企业要树立“风险中性”意识，管理好经营风险。 2020-12-24/jiangxi/2020/1224/1565.html
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国家外汇管理局统计数据显示，2020年11月，银行结汇11636亿元人民币，售汇11439亿元人民币，结售汇顺差197亿元人民币；按美元计值，银行结汇1761亿美元，售汇1731亿美元，结售汇顺差30亿美元。 2020年1-11月，银行累计结汇124411亿元人民币，累计售汇117985亿元人民币，累计结售汇顺差6425亿元人民币；按美元计值，银行累计结汇17956亿美元，累计售汇17034亿美元，累计结售汇顺差921亿美元。 2020年11月，银行代客涉外收入28009亿元人民币，对外付款27986亿元人民币，涉外收付款顺差23亿元人民币。2020年1-11月，银行代客累计涉外收入269043亿元人民币，累计对外付款264732亿元人民币，累计涉外收付款顺差4311亿元人民币。 按美元计值，2020年11月，银行代客涉外收入4239亿美元，对外付款4236亿美元，涉外收付款顺差4亿美元。2020年1-11月，银行代客累计涉外收入38874亿美元，累计对外付款38245亿美元，累计涉外收付款顺差629亿美元。 2020-12-23/jiangxi/2020/1223/1564.html
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为进一步完善全口径跨境融资宏观审慎管理，引导金融机构市场化调节外汇资产负债结构，中国人民银行、国家外汇管理局决定将金融机构的跨境融资宏观审慎调节参数从1.25下调至1。金融机构应树立“风险中性”理念，更好地服务经济社会发展。（完） 2020-12-25/jiangxi/2020/1225/1566.html
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国家外汇管理局统计数据显示，2020年11月，中国外汇市场（不含外币对市场，下同）总计成交18.99万亿元人民币（等值2.87万亿美元）。其中，银行对客户市场成交2.75万亿元人民币（等值0.42万亿美元），银行间市场成交16.24万亿元人民币（等值2.46万亿美元）；即期市场累计成交8.08万亿元人民币（等值1.22万亿美元），衍生品市场累计成交10.91万亿元人民币（等值1.65万亿美元）。 2020年1-11月，中国外汇市场累计成交183.73万亿元人民币（等值26.53万亿美元）。 2020-12-25/beijing/2020/1225/1448.html
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国家外汇管理局统计数据显示，2020年11月，银行结汇11636亿元人民币，售汇11439亿元人民币，结售汇顺差197亿元人民币；按美元计值，银行结汇1761亿美元，售汇1731亿美元，结售汇顺差30亿美元。 2020年1-11月，银行累计结汇124411亿元人民币，累计售汇117985亿元人民币，累计结售汇顺差6425亿元人民币；按美元计值，银行累计结汇17956亿美元，累计售汇17034亿美元，累计结售汇顺差921亿美元。 2020年11月，银行代客涉外收入28009亿元人民币，对外付款27986亿元人民币，涉外收付款顺差23亿元人民币。2020年1-11月，银行代客累计涉外收入269043亿元人民币，累计对外付款264732亿元人民币，累计涉外收付款顺差4311亿元人民币。 按美元计值，2020年11月，银行代客涉外收入4239亿美元，对外付款4236亿美元，涉外收付款顺差4亿美元。2020年1-11月，银行代客累计涉外收入38874亿美元，累计对外付款38245亿美元，累计涉外收付款顺差629亿美元。 附：名词解释和相关说明 国际收支是指我国居民与非居民间发生的一切经济交易。 银行结售汇是指银行为客户及其自身办理的结汇和售汇业务，包括远期结售汇履约和期权行权数据，不包括银行间外汇市场交易数据。银行结售汇统计时点为人民币与外汇兑换行 为发生时。其中，结汇是指外汇所有者将外汇卖给外汇指定银行，售汇是指外汇指定银行将外汇卖给外汇使用者。结售汇差额是结汇与售汇的轧差数。银行结售汇形 成的差额将通过银行在银行间外汇市场买卖平盘，是引起我国外汇储备变化的主要来源之一，但其不等于同期外汇储备的增减额。 银行结售汇不按居民与非居民交易的原则进行统计，且其仅包括银行与客户及其自身之间发生的本外币买卖，即人民币和外汇的兑换交易，不同于国际收支交易的统计范围。 远期结售汇签约是指银行与客户协商签订远期结汇（售汇）合同，约定将来办理结汇（售汇）的外汇币种、金额、汇率和期限；到期外汇收入（支出）发生时，即按照远期结汇（售 汇）合同订明的币种、金额、汇率办理结汇（售汇）。远期结售汇业务使得企业可提前锁定未来结汇或售汇的汇率，从而有效规避人民币汇率变动的风险。银行一般 会通过银行间外汇市场来对冲远期结售汇业务形成的风险敞口。比如，当银行签订的远期结汇大于远期售汇时，银行一般会将同等金额的外汇提前在银行间外汇市场 卖出，反之亦然。因而远期结售汇也是影响我国外汇储备变化的一个因素。 远期结售汇平仓是指客户因真实需求背景发生变更、无法履行资金交割义务，对原交易反向平盘，了结部分或全部远期头寸的行为。 远期结售汇展期是指客户因真实需求背景发生变更，调整原交易交割时间的行为。 本期末远期结售汇累计未到期额是指银行与客户签订的远期结汇和售汇合同在本期末仍未到期的余额；差额是指未到期远期结汇和售汇余额之差。签约额与累计未到期额之间的关系为：本期末远期结 售汇累计未到期额=上期末远期结售汇累计未到期额+本期远期结售汇签约额-本期远期结售汇履约额-本期远期结售汇平仓额。 未到期期权Delta净敞口是指银行对客户办理的期权业务在本期末累计未到期合约所隐含的即期汇率风险敞口。银行为管理这部分风险敞口，在期权合约存续期间通常会在外汇市场进行对冲。 银行代客涉外收付款是指境内非银行居民机构和个人（统称非银行部门）通过境内银行与非居民机构和个人之间发生的收付款，不包括现钞收付和银行自身涉外收付款。具体包括：非银行 部门和非居民之间通过境内银行发生的跨境收付款（包括外汇和人民币），以及非银行部门和非居民之间通过境内银行发生的境内收付款（暂不包括境内居民个人与 境内非居民个人之间发生的人民币收付款），统计时点为客户在境内银行办理涉外收付款时。其中，银行代客涉外收入是指非银行部门通过境内银行从非居民收入的 款项，银行代客对外支出是指非银行部门通过境内银行向非居民支付的款项。 银行代客涉外收付款是国际收支统计的组成部分，但其统计原则与国际收支采用的权责发生制原则不同，采用资金收付制原则，且其仅反映境内非银行部门与非居民之间的资金流动状况，不能反映实物交易和银行自身的涉外交易，统计范围小于国际收支统计。 2020-12-25/hainan/2020/1225/1341.html
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日前，国家外汇管理局公布了2020年11月份银行结售汇和银行代客涉外收付款数据。国家外汇管理局副局长、新闻发言人王春英就2020年11月份外汇收支形势回答了记者提问。 问：2020年11月份我国外汇收支形势有何变化？ 答：11月份我国外汇市场运行稳健，跨境收支交易趋于自主平衡。从主要指标表现看，银行结售汇顺差30亿美元，非银行部门跨境收支顺差4亿美元，显示当前外汇市场交易理性有序，跨境资金流动总体均衡。11月末，外汇储备余额31785亿美元，规模保持基本稳定。 市场主体结售汇意愿总体平稳。11月，衡量企业结汇意愿的结汇率，也就是客户向银行卖出外汇与客户涉外外汇收入之比为63%，与上年同期基本持平；衡量购汇意愿的售汇率，也就是客户从银行买汇与客户涉外外汇支出之比为65%，同比略降1个百分点。 主要渠道跨境资金流动有增有减、合理分化。11月，在海关进出口顺差增长带动下，货物贸易结售汇顺差同比增加55亿美元；服务贸易结售汇逆差同比收窄56亿美元，继续保持低位；跨境双向直接投资保持活跃，资金净流入规模与上年同期基本持平；股票项下双向投资基本稳定，其中“陆股通”渠道外资净买入A股579亿元人民币，“港股通”渠道居民净买入H股601亿元人民币。 当前，外汇市场运行平稳有序，跨境资金流动双向均衡，但新冠肺炎疫情发展和外部环境仍存在诸多不确定性，金融机构和企业要树立“风险中性”意识，管理好经营风险。 2020-12-25/hainan/2020/1225/1342.html
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2020年中国(海南)国际热带农产品冬季交易会(下称“冬交会”)22日闭幕，期间签订农产品订单总额678.45亿元(人民币，下同)，签订农业投资项目79个，投资额亿元以上项目14个。 本届“冬交会”吸引31个国家和地区110家企业报名参展，中国国内21个省份近2300家企业参展，设有“一带一路”馆、琼台贸易馆、国际馆、全国名优农产品馆等10个展馆(区)。 海南大力推进全球动植物种质资源引进中转基地建设，强化种业创新能力。本届“冬交会”专门设置现代种业展区，集中展示海南热带水果种苗、种鱼、种虾等最新培育成果，为产业交流搭建展示平台。 本届“冬交会”期间举办海南自贸港与热带农业峰会、美丽乡村博鳌国际峰会等多场重要活动。在农产品网上交易采购及投资合作项目签约仪式上，当场达成意向订购金额503.68亿元，总订购量629.6万吨，刷新海南农产品网上交易纪录。 2020年“冬交会”首次实现全面市场化运营。由于新冠肺炎疫情防控的需要，组委会对本届“冬交会”进行人数限流，共有近28万人次进馆逛展。 2020-12-25/hainan/2020/1225/1339.html
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今年前11月，我省新增市场主体28万余户，较去年同期增长23.2%，其中企业新增数实现翻一番。 今年前11月，十二个重点产业新增企业5.2万余户，与去年同期新增数相比增长81.57%。其中，互联网产业、现代金融服务业、医药产业表现最为突出，新增数为28184户、808户、52户，与去年同期新增数相比分别增长211.22%、372.51%、205.88%。截至11月底，十二个重点产业共有企业约17.67万户。 截至11月30日，全省市场主体达115.6万户。其中，企业近42.7万户，个体户近73万户。 2020-12-25/hainan/2020/1225/1338.html
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为进一步完善全口径跨境融资宏观审慎管理，引导金融机构市场化调节外汇资产负债结构，中国人民银行、国家外汇管理局决定将金融机构的跨境融资宏观审慎调节参数从1.25下调至1。金融机构应树立“风险中性”理念，更好地服务经济社会发展。（完） 2020-12-25/hainan/2020/1225/1340.html
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As shown in the statistics of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange (SAFE), in October 2020, the amount of foreign exchange settlement and sales by banks was RMB 1027.9 billion and RMB 940.8 billion, respectively, with a surplus of RMB 87.1 billion. In the US dollar terms, the amount of foreign exchange settlement and sales by banks was USD 153.2 billion and USD 140.2 billion, respectively, with a surplus of USD 13.0 billion. During January to October 2020, the accumulative amount of foreign exchange settlement and sales by banks was RMB 11277.5 billion and RMB 10654.7 billion, respectively, with an accumulative surplus of RMB 622.8 billion. In the US dollar terms, the accumulative amount of foreign exchange settlement and sales by banks was USD 1619.4 billion and USD 1530.3 billion, respectively, with an accumulative surplus of USD 89.1 billion. In October 2020, the amount of cross-border receipts and payments by non-banking sectors was RMB 2402.3 billion and RMB 2233.6 billion, respectively, with a surplus of RMB 168.8 billion. During January to October 2020, the accumulative amount of cross-border receipts and payments by non-banking sectors was RMB 24103.4 billion and RMB 23674.6 billion, respectively, with an accumulative surplus of RMB 428.7 billion. In the US dollar terms, in October 2020, the amount of cross-border receipts and payments by non-banking sectors was USD 358.0 billion and USD 332.8 billion, respectively, with a surplus of USD 25.1 billion. During January to October 2020, the accumulative amount of cross-border receipts and payments by non-banking sectors was USD 3463.4 billion and USD 3400.9 billion, respectively, with an accumulative surplus of USD 62.5 billion. Addendum: Glossary and relevant definitions Balance of payments (BOP) refers to all economic transactions between residents and non-residents. Foreign exchange settlement and sales by banks refers to settlement and sale transaction that bank executes for customers and for the banks themselves, including statistic data on settlements of forward contracts for foreign exchange settlement and sales and the exercises of option, and excluding the transactions in the interbank foreign exchange market. The statistic reporting date of Foreign exchange settlement and sales by banks should be the trade day of the Foreign exchange settlement and sales transaction. By definition, foreign exchange settlement means foreign exchange holders sell foreign exchange to designated foreign exchange bank, and foreign exchange sales means designated bank sells foreign exchange to foreign exchange buyers. The net position of foreign exchange settlement and foreign exchange sales could be position squared through transactions on the inter-bank foreign exchange market, and it is one of the major contributors to the country’s foreign exchange reserve fluctuation, though it is not equal to net change in foreign exchange reserves during the same period Unlike the principle of balance-of-payments statistics, which cover the transactions between residents and non-residents, foreign exchange settlement and sales by banks only cover transactions of RMB and foreign currencies between banks and customers or on banks for themselves. The newly signed contract amount of forward foreign exchange settlement and sales refers to the binding forward contract between designated foreign exchange bank and client that predetermines foreign exchange currency, amount, exchange rate and tenor which to be executed upon maturity. The newly signed forward contract enables corporate to lock in advance the exchange rate for the purchase or sale of a currency on a future date to manage relevant foreign exchange risk arising from RMB volatility. In general, bank will hedge its foreign exchange risk exposures arise from the newly signed forward contract in the Interbank foreign exchange market. For example, when bank has net foreign exchange long position, bank will short the equivalent amount of foreign exchange in the Interbank foreign exchange market in advance, or vice versa. Therefore, the newly signed contract amount of forward foreign exchange settlement and sales is also one of contributors to China’s foreign exchange reserve fluctuation. The unwind amount of forward foreign exchange settlement and sales refers to, where client is unable to perform the original forward contract due to change in its real demand, client to fully or partially close its forward position by executing another deal with opposite direction to the original contract. The rolling amount of forward foreign exchange settlement and sales refers to client to adjust the settlement date of original contract due to change in its real demand. The outstanding amount of forward foreign exchange settlement and sales by the end of the current period refers to the total amount of forward contracts accumulated from all non-matured forward contracts with client. The newly signed contract amount and the outstanding amount should satisfy the equation that: the outstanding amount of forward foreign exchange settlement and sales by the end of the current period = the outstanding amount of forward foreign exchange settlement and sales at the end of the previous period + the newly signed contract amount of forward foreign exchange settlement and sales for the period - settlements of forward contracts for foreign exchange settlement and sales for the period - the unwind amount of forward foreign exchange settlement and sales for the period. The net Delta exposure of outstanding options refers to the implied foreign exchange spot risk exposure from outstanding option contracts that bank executed with client. Bank shall hedge such risk in the foreign exchange market for risk management during deal life cycle. The cross-border receipts and payments by non-banking sectors refers to the receipts and payments between domestic non-banking sectors (including institutional and individual residents) and non-residents through domestic banks, excluding receipts and payments in cash. In particular, the statistics includes cross-border receipts and payments between non-banking sectors and non-residents through domestic banks (including RMB and foreign currency), and domestic receipts and payments between non-banking sectors and non-residents through domestic banks (temporarily excluding domestic receipts and payments in RMB between individual residents and non-resident individuals). Data are collected when customers conduct receipts and payments with non-resident counterparties at domestic banks. Specifically, the receipts refer to the capital of non-banking sectors received from non-residents via domestic banks; the payments refer to the capital of non-banking sectors paid to non-residents via domestic banks. The cross-border receipts and payments by non-banking sectors is based on cash basis, different from the accrual basis required by the Balance of Payments Statistics. The statistics merely reflects the cash flows between non-banking sectors and non-residents and does not include barter transactions or transactions with non-residents conducted by the banks themselves. Therefore, the scope of the statistics is narrower than that of the Balance of Payments Statistics. 2020-11-20/en/2020/1120/1772.html