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According to the statistics of the State Administrationof Foreign Exchange (SAFE), the Chinese foreign exchange market (excludingforeign currency pairs, the same below) recorded total transactions of RMB 17.31 trillion (equivalent to USD 2.7 trillion) in October 2021. In terms of markets, the transactions volume of clientmarket was RMB 2.54 trillion(equivalent to USD 0.4 trillion), and the transactions volume of interbankmarket was RMB 14.76 trillion(equivalent to USD 2.3 trillion). Interms of products, the cumulative transactions volume of the spot market wasRMB 7.11 trillion (equivalent to USD 1.11 trillion), and that of the derivatives market was RMB 10.2 trillion (equivalent to USD 1.59 trillion). From January to October 2021, a total of RMB 191.49 trillion (equivalent to USD 29.61 trillion) was traded in the Chinese foreign exchangemarket. 2021-11-26/en/2021/1126/1894.html
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FILE： Annual Report of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange (2019) 2020-12-21/en/2020/1221/1895.html
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In April 2022, the export and import of China’s international trade in goods and services totalled RMB 3442.7 billion, basically equal to the same time last year. Of this, the export of goods recorded RMB 1666.6 billion and the import recorded RMB 1356.8 billion, resulting in a surplus of RMB 309.9 billion.The export of services recorded RMB 188.2 billion and the import recorded RMB 231.1 billion, resulting in a deficit of RMB 42.9 billion. In terms of the major items, the export and import of transport, other business services, travel and telecommunications, computer and information services registered RMB 165.1 billion, RMB 68.3 billion, RMB 56.1 billion and RMB 48.3 billion respectively. In the US dollar terms, in April 2022, the export and import of China’s international trade in goods and services were USD 288.6 billion and USD 247.0 billion respectively, with a surplus of USD 41.5 billion.(End) International Trade in Goods and Services of China April 2022 Item In 100 million of RMB In 100 million of USD Goods and services 2670 415 Credit 18549 2886 Debit -15878 -2470 1. Goods 3099 482 Credit 16666 2593 Debit -13568 -2111 2. Services -429 -67 Credit 1882 293 Debit -2311 -359 2.1 Manufacturing services on physical inputs owned by others 71 11 Credit 75 12 Debit -4 -1 2.2 Maintenance and repair services n.i.e 19 3 Credit 39 6 Debit -20 -3 2.3 Transport -147 -23 Credit 752 117 Debit -899 -140 2.4 Travel -476 -74 Credit 42 7 Debit -519 -81 2.5 Construction 43 7 Credit 90 14 Debit -47 -7 2.6 Insurance and pension services -92 -14 Credit 8 1 Debit -100 -15 2.7 Financial services 3 1 Credit 21 3 Debit -17 -3 2.8 Charges for the use of intellectual property -127 -20 Credit 106 16 Debit -232 -36 2.9 Telecommunications, computerand information services 84 13 Credit 283 44 Debit -200 -31 2.10 Other business services 220 34 Credit 452 70 Debit -231 -36 2.11 Personal, cultural, and recreational services -2 0 Credit 7 1 Debit -9 -1 2.12 Government goods and services n.i.e -24 -4 Credit 8 1 Debit -33 -5 Notes: 1. The trade in goods and services in this table refers to the transactions between residents and non-residents, based on the same standard as that for BOP statement. The monthly data are preliminary and may be inconsistent with the quarterly data in the BOP statement. 2. The data on international trade in goods and services are prepared in USD, and the RMB data for the current month is derived by converting the USD data at the monthly average central parity rate of the RMB against the USD. 3. This table employs rounded-off numbers. Definition of Indicators: Goods and Services: refers to the trade in goods and services between residents and non-residents, which is based on the same standard as that for the BOP statement. 1. Goods: refers to transactions in goods whereby the economic ownership is transferred between the Chinese residents and non-residents. The credit side records export of goods, while the debit side records import of goods. The data of goods account are mainly from the customs statistics of imports and exports, but differ from the statistics of the customs mainly in the following aspects:first, the goods in the BOP statement only reflect the goods whose ownership has been transferred (e.g. goods under the trade modes such as general trade and processing trade with imported materials), while the goods whose ownershipis not transferred (e.g. manufacturing services with supplied materials or with exported materials) are included in the statistics of trade in services instead of the statistics of trade in goods; second, as required by the BOP statistics, the goods imported and exported are valued on the FOB basis, but as required by the customs, the goods exported are valued on the FOB basis, whereas goods imported are on the CIF basis. Therefore, for the purpose of the BOP statistics, the international transport and insurance premiums are taken out from the value of imported goods and included in the trade in services; and third, the data on net export of goods in merchanting which are not included in the customs statistics are supplemented. 2. Services: includes manufacturing services on physical inputs owned by others, maintenance and repair services n.i.e, transport, travel,construction, insurance and pension services, financial services, charges for the use of intellectual property, telecommunications, computer and information services, other business services, personal, cultural and recreational services, and government goods and services n.i.e. The credit side records services supplied, while the debit side records services received. 2.1 Manufacturing services on physical owned by others: processor only provides processing, assembly, packaging and other services and charges service fee from the owner, while the ownership of the goods isnot transferred between the owner and the processor. The credit side records the manufacturing services supplied by the Chinese residents on physical inputs owned by non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.2 Maintenance and repair services: refer to the maintenance and repair services supplied by residents to non-residents or vice versa on goods and equipment (such as vessel, aircraft, and other transportation facility) owned by the receiving party. The credit side records the maintenance and repair services supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.3 Transport: refers to the process of transporting people and goods from one place to another, and the relevant supporting and auxiliary services, as well as postaland delivery services. The credit side records the international transport, postal and delivery services supplied by residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.4 Travel: refers to goods consumed and services purchased by travelers in various economies as non-residents. The credit side records the goods and services provided by the Chinese residents to non-residents who have stayed in China for less than one year, as well as non-residents studying abroad and seeking medical treatment for indefinite period of stay. The debit side records the goods and services purchased by the Chinese residents when traveling, studying or seeking medical services abroad from non-residents. 2.5 Construction services: refer to the establishment, renovation, maintenance or expansion of fixed assets in the form of buildings, land improvement, roads, bridges and dams and other engineering buildings of engineering nature, relevant installation,assembly, painting, pipeline construction, demolition and project management,as well as site preparation, measurement and blasting and other special services. The credit side records the construction services provided by the Chinese residents outside the economic territory. The debit side records the construction services received by the Chinese residents in the Chinese economic territory from non-residents. 2.6 Insurance and pension services: refers to various insurance services and commission to agents related with insurance transaction. The credit side records the life insurance and annuity, non-lifeinsurance, reinsurance, standardized guarantee services and relevant supporting services supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.7 Financial services: refer to financial intermediation and supporting services, excluding those covered by insurance and pension services. The credit side records the financial intermediation and supporting services supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.8 Charges for the use of intellectual property: refer to licensed use of intangible, non-productive/non-financial assets and exclusive rights between residents and non-residents and the licensed use of existing original works or prototypes. The credit side records the intellectual property-related services supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.9 Telecommunications, computer and information services: refer tocommunications services between residents and non-residents and transactions of services related to computer data and news, excluding commercial services delivered via telephone, computer and Internet. The credit side records the telecommunications, computer and information services supplied by residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.10 Other business services: refer to other types of services between residents and non-residents, including research and development services, professional and management consulting services, technical and trade-related services. The credit side records the other business services supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.11 Personal, cultural and recreational services: refer to transactions of personal, cultural and recreational services between residents and non-residents, including audiovisual and related services (films,radio, television programs and music recordings) and other personal, cultural and recreational services (health, education, etc.). The credit side records the related services supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2.12 Government goods and services n.i.e: refer to various goods and services provided and purchased by governments and international organizations not included in other categories of goods and services. The credit side records the goods and services not included elsewhere and supplied by the Chinese residents to non-residents, and vice versa for debit side. 2022-05-27/en/2022/0527/1957.html
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China's External Portfolio Investment Assets at the End of 2021 2022-05-27/en/2022/0527/1956.html
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As shown in the statistics of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange (SAFE), in April 2022, the amount of foreign exchange settlement and sales by banks was RMB 1476.4 billion and RMB 1354.0 billion, respectively, with a surplus of RMB 122.4 billion. During January to April 2022, the accumulative amount of foreign exchange settlement and sales by banks was RMB 5669.7 billion and RMB 5174.2 billion, respectively, with an accumulative surplus of RMB 495.5 billion. In the US dollar terms, in April 2022, the amount of foreign exchange settlement and sales by banks was USD 229.7 billion and USD 210.6 billion, respectively, with a surplus of USD 19.0 billion. During January to April 2022, the accumulative amount of foreign exchange settlement and sales by banks was USD 890.0 billion and USD 812.2 billion, respectively, with an accumulative surplus of USD 77.8 billion. In April 2022, the amount of cross-border receipts and payments by non-banking sectors was RMB 3248.9 billion and RMB 3144.6 billion, respectively, with a surplus of RMB 104.3 billion. During January to April 2022, the accumulative amount of cross-border receipts and payments by non-banking sectors was RMB 13262.7 billion and RMB 12762.7 billion, respectively, with an accumulative surplus of RMB 500.0 billion. In the US dollar terms, in April 2022, the amount of cross-border receipts and payments by non-banking sectors was USD 505.4 billion and USD 489.2 billion, respectively, with a surplus of USD 16.2 billion. During January to April 2022, the accumulative amount of cross-border receipts and payments by non-banking sectors was USD 2082.2 billion and USD 2003.7 billion, respectively, with an accumulative surplus of USD 78.5 billion. Addendum: Glossary and relevant definitions Balance of payments (BOP) refers to all economic transactions between residents and non-residents. Foreign exchange settlement and sales by banks refers to settlement and sale transaction that bank executes for customers and for the banks themselves, including statistic data on settlements of forward contracts for foreign exchange settlement and sales and the exercises of option, and excluding the transactions in the interbank foreign exchange market. The statistic reporting date of Foreign exchange settlement and sales by banks should be the trade day of the Foreign exchange settlement and sales transaction. By definition, foreign exchange settlement means that foreign exchange holders sell foreign exchange to banks, and foreign exchange sales means that banks sell foreign exchange to foreign exchange buyers. The newly signed contract amount of forward foreign exchange settlement and sales refers to the binding forward contract between a bank and its client that predetermines foreign exchange currency, amount, exchange rate and tenor which to be executed upon maturity. The unwind amount of forward foreign exchange settlement and sales refers to, where client is unable to perform the original forward contract due to change in its real demand, client to fully or partially close its forward position by executing another deal with opposite direction to the original contract. The rolling amount of forward foreign exchange settlement and sales refers to client to adjust the settlement date of original contract due to change in its real demand. The outstanding amount of forward foreign exchange settlement and sales by the end of the current period refers to the total amount of forward contracts accumulated from all non-matured forward contracts with client. The net Delta exposure of outstanding options refers to the implied foreign exchange spot risk exposure from outstanding option contracts that bank executed with client. The cross-border receipts and payments by non-banking sectors refers to the receipts and payments between domestic non-banking sectors (including institutional and individual residents) and non-residents through domestic banks, excluding receipts and payments in cash. In particular, the statistics includes cross-border receipts and payments between non-banking sectors and non-residents through domestic banks (including RMB and foreign currency), and domestic receipts and payments between non-banking sectors and non-residents through domestic banks (temporarily excluding domestic receipts and payments in RMB between individual residents and non-resident individuals). Data are collected when customers conduct receipts and payments with non-resident counterparties at domestic banks. Specifically, the receipts refer to the capital of non-banking sectors received from non-residents via domestic banks; the payments refer to the capital of non-banking sectors paid to non-residents via domestic banks. 2022-05-17/en/2022/0517/1954.html
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As shown in the statistics of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange (SAFE), in May 2022, the amount of foreign exchange settlement and sales by banks was RMB 1374.8 billion and RMB 1365.1 billion, respectively, with a surplus of RMB 9.7 billion. During January to May 2022, the accumulative amount of foreign exchange settlement and sales by banks was RMB 7045.0 billion and RMB 6539.3 billion, respectively, with an accumulative surplus of RMB 505.7 billion. In the US dollar terms, in May 2022, the amount of foreign exchange settlement and sales by banks was USD 205.0 billion and USD 203.5 billion, respectively, with a surplus of USD 1.5 billion. During January to May 2022, the accumulative amount of foreign exchange settlement and sales by banks was USD 1095.0 billion and USD 1015.7 billion, respectively, with an accumulative surplus of USD 79.3 billion. In May 2022, the amount of cross-border receipts and payments by non-banking sectors was RMB 3348.2 billion and RMB 3296.4 billion, respectively, with a surplus of RMB 51.8 billion. During January to May 2022, the accumulative amount of cross-border receipts and payments by non-banking sectors was RMB 16610.9 billion and RMB 16059.1 billion, respectively, with an accumulative surplus of RMB 551.8 billion. In the US dollar terms, in May 2022, the amount of cross-border receipts and payments by non-banking sectors was USD 499.2 billion and USD 491.5 billion, respectively, with a surplus of USD 7.7 billion. During January to May 2022, the accumulative amount of cross-border receipts and payments by non-banking sectors was USD 2581.4 billion and USD 2495.2 billion, respectively, with an accumulative surplus of USD 86.2 billion. Addendum: Glossary and relevant definitions Balance of payments (BOP) refers to all economic transactions between residents and non-residents. Foreign exchange settlement and sales by banks refers to settlement and sale transaction that bank executes for customers and for the banks themselves,including statistic data on settlements of forward contracts for foreign exchange settlement and sales and the exercises of option, and excluding the transactions in the interbank foreign exchange market. The statistic reporting date of Foreign exchange settlement and sales by banks should be the trade day of the Foreign exchange settlement and sales transaction. By definition, foreign exchange settlement means that foreign exchange holders sell foreign exchange to banks, and foreign exchange sales means that banks sell foreign exchange to foreign exchange buyers. The newly signed contract amount of forward foreign exchange settlement and sales refers to the binding forward contract between a bank and its client that predetermines foreign exchange currency, amount, exchange rate and tenor which to be executed upon maturity. The unwind amount of forward foreign exchange settlement and sales refers to, where client is unable to perform the original forward contract due to change in its real demand, client to fully or partially close its forward position by executing another deal with opposite direction to the original contract. The rolling amount of forward foreign exchange settlement and sales refers to client to adjust the settlement date of original contract due to change in its real demand. The outstanding amount of forward foreign exchange settlement and sales by the end of the current period refers to the total amount of forward contracts accumulated from all non-matured forward contracts with client. The net Delta exposure of outstanding options refers to the implied foreign exchange spot risk exposure from outstanding option contracts that bank executed with client. The cross-border receipts and payments by non-banking sectors refers to the receipts and payments between domestic non-banking sectors (including institutional and individual residents) and non-residents through domestic banks, excluding receipts and payments in cash. In particular, the statistics includes cross-border receipts and payments between non-banking sectors and non-residents through domestic banks (including RMB and foreign currency), and domestic receipts and payments between non-banking sectors and non-residents through domestic banks (temporarily excluding domestic receipts and payments in RMB between individual residents and non-resident individuals). Data are collected when customers conduct receipts and payments with non-resident counterparties at domestic banks. Specifically, the receipts refer to the capital of non-banking sectors received from non-residents via domestic banks; the payments refer to the capital of non-banking sectors paid to non-residents via domestic banks. 2022-06-15/en/2022/0615/1963.html
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As at the end of March 2022, China's banking sector recorded external financial assets of USD 1568.7 billion, external liabilities of USD 1570.6 billion, and net external liabilities of USD 2.0 billion, including net RMB liabilities of USD 439.6 billion and net foreign currency assets of USD 437.6 billion. Among the external financial assets of the banking sector, by instrument, deposits and loans were USD 1125.6 billion, bonds investment, USD 241.1 billion, and other assets including equity, USD 202.0 billion, accounting for 72 percent, 15 percent and 13 percent of the sector's total external financial assets respectively. By currency, RMB assets were USD 230.5 billion, USD assets were USD 1049.2 billion, and other currency assets were USD 289.0 billion, accounting for 15 percent, 67 percent and 18 percent respectively. By counterpart sector, the amount invested in the overseas banking sector was USD 875.0 billion, accounting for 56 percent; the amount invested in the overseas non-banking sector was USD 693.7 billion, accounting for 44 percent. Among the external liabilities of the banking sector, by instrument, deposits and loans were USD 848.6 billion, bonds investment, USD 299.5 billion, and other liabilities including equity, USD 422.6 billion, accounting for 54 percent, 19 percent and 27 percent of the sector's total external liabilities respectively. By currency, RMB liabilities were USD 670.1 billion, USD liabilities, USD 570.3 billion, and other currency liabilities, USD 330.3 billion, accounting for 43 percent, 36 percent and 21 percent respectively. By counterpart sector, USD 600.0 billion was from overseas banking sector, accounting for 38 percent; while USD 970.7 billion was from overseas non-banking sector, accounting for 62 percent. (End) 2022-06-23/en/2022/0623/1964.html
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Q: The State Administration of Foreign Exchange (SAFE) has just released the latest data regarding China’s foreign exchange reserves. Could you explain the causes for the changes in foreign exchange reserves of May 2022? What will be the future trends? A: By the end of May 2022, China’s foreign exchange reserves stood at US$3.1278 trillion, up by US$8.1 billion, or 0.26%, from the end of April. In May 2022, China’s foreign exchange market was generally stable, and the domestic supply and demand of foreign exchange maintained a basic balance. In the international financial market, influenced by the monetary policies and expectations of major countries, global economic growth prospects, geopolitical situation and other factors, the US dollar index fell slightly, and the financial asset prices of major countries were mixed. Denominated in the US dollar, China’s foreign exchange reserves rose this month due to the combined effects of currency translation and asset price changes. At present, the external situation is complex and severe, the global economy is facing increasing risks and challenges, and the international financial market is still subject to great uncertainty. However, China has effectively coordinated epidemic prevention and control with economic and social development. China’s long-term economic fundamentals have not changed, which will support the overall stability of the foreign exchange reserves. 2022-06-07/en/2022/0607/1962.html
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Recently, the State Administration of Foreign Exchange (SAFE) releases data on China's external portfolio investment assets by country/region and by sector of resident holder at the end of 2021. The statistics show that China's external portfolio investment assets (excluding reserve assets) amounted to USD 979.7 billion by the end of 2021, including USD 648.4 billion in equity investments and USD 331.3 billion in bond investments.The top 5 recipients of Chinese investments were Hong Kong SAR, the United States, Cayman Islands, the British Virgin Islands and the United Kingdom, with the amounts being USD 434.2 billion, USD 204.5 billion, USD 83.0 billion, USD 70.0 billion and USD 24.6 billion respectively. By the end of 2021, other financial corporations (non-bank financial institutions), non-financial sector and banks were the main sectors holding external portfolio investment assets, with the amounts being USD 390.4 billion, USD 351.2 billion and USD 238.1 billion respectively, accounting for 40 percent, 36 percent and 24 percent of China’s total external portfolio investment assets. (End) 2022-05-27/en/2022/0527/1955.html
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According to the statistics of the State Administrationof Foreign Exchange (SAFE), the Chinese foreign exchange market (excludingforeign currency pairs, the same below) recorded total transactions of RMB 17.14 trillion (equivalent to USD 2.67 trillion) in April 2022. In terms of markets, the transactions volume of clientmarket was RMB 3.56 trillion(equivalent to USD 0.55 trillion), and the transactions volume of interbankmarket was RMB 13.58 trillion(equivalent to USD 2.11 trillion). Interms of products, the cumulative transactions volume of the spot market wasRMB 5.88 trillion (equivalent to USD 0.91 trillion), and that of the derivatives market was RMB 11.26 trillion (equivalent to USD 1.75 trillion). From January to April 2022, atotal of RMB 74.81 trillion (equivalent to USD11.75 trillion) was traded in the Chinese foreign exchange market. 2022-05-27/en/2022/0527/1958.html