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2016年，中国人民银行、国家外汇管理局建立全口径跨境融资宏观审慎管理政策框架，取消外债事前审批，极大地便利了境内机构跨境融资。近年来，随着新发展理念深入贯彻落实，各地涌现出一大批具有自主知识产权、技术，工艺先进、市场前景良好的创新型企业。部分创新型企业特别是中小微创新型企业在成长初期净资产规模较小，跨境融资额度的上限较低，部分融资需求难以得到充分满足。为鼓励创新，支持中小微高新技术企业健康发展，2018年国家外汇管理局在北京市中关村国家自主创新示范区开展外债便利化试点，允许符合一定条件的中小微高新技术企业在一定额度内自主借用外债。此项试点政策较好地满足了中关村部分中小微高新技术企业的境外融资需求，降低了企业财务成本。 为深入落实党的十九大关于加快构建更高水平开放型经济新体制，推动经济高质量发展的要求，进一步便利中小微高新技术企业充分利用境内境外两个市场、两种资源，国家外汇管理局决定，将上述外债便利化试点范围扩大至上海（自由贸易试验区）、湖北（自由贸易试验区及武汉东湖新技术开发区）、广东及深圳（粤港澳大湾区）等省、市。同时，进一步提高北京市中关村科学城海淀园区的外债便利化水平。 下一步，国家外汇管理局将继续按照党中央、国务院决策部署，稳住外贸外资基本盘，推出更多外汇便利化业务，持续优化外汇营商环境，促进经济社会平稳健康发展。同时，进一步完善外汇市场“宏观审慎+微观监管”两位一体管理框架，积极防范跨境资金流动风险，守住不发生系统性金融风险的底线。（完） 2020-03-19/safe/2020/0319/15746.html
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近期，为全面落实广西关于支持打赢疫情防控狙击战促进经济平稳运行的部署要求，国家外汇管理局防城港市中心支局精准实施差异化管理策略，通过开展“实打实”调研、“肩并肩”监测、“点对点”支持和“一对一”指导等措施，持续优化外汇服务，引领辖区金融机构全力支持企业复工复产，用实际行动践行习近平总书记关于坚决打赢新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情防控狙击战的重要指示精神，为促进经济平稳运行积极献策献力。 “实打实”开展特殊时期“微调研”。及时摸清辖区企业情况，精准把握服务企业需求，从复工复产情况、受影响程度、存在的困难等方面对涉外企业进行全面调查，积极谋划助力企业复工复产的策略，为上级领导决策提供依据。 “肩并肩”做好特定国别疫情监测。加强对越南等国家的经济运行和疫情影响监测，收集整理境外舆情综述，分析和掌握毗邻国家应对措施及对辖区跨国贸易、跨境劳务、边境旅游等产生的影响，积极研究应对措施并提出建议。 “点对点”开辟外汇业务“绿色通道”。2月7日以来，中心支局指导辖区金融机构减免手续费为辖区企业办理多笔进口防疫物资付汇业务和贸易融资进口押汇业务，减轻辖区疫情防控物资紧缺的压力。 “一对一”引导企业银行“特事特办”。指导中国农业银行防城港分行通过代开信用证的方式为防城港某企业办理了2笔进口信用证开证业务；同时指导中国银行防城港分行通过海外行关系助力企业融资成本下降20.8%，并为辖区企业资本金使用提供便利化服务，降低了企业运营成本。 2020-02-28/guangxi/2020/0228/1603.html
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2020年1月银行结售汇数据（分地区） 2020-03-19/zhejiang/2020/0319/1130.html
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根据国家外汇管理局相关批复，北京外汇管理部近期正式发布《中国（河北）自由贸易试验区大兴机场片区（北京区域）外汇管理改革试点实施细则》，全面推出9项创新政策举措，标志着全国唯一一个跨省协同建设的自由贸易试验区——中国（河北）自由贸易试验区大兴机场片区外汇管理改革进入“快车道”。 一是优化经常项目外汇收支审核，银行按照展业三原则自主办理经常项目购付汇、收结汇及划转等手续。 二是放宽货物贸易电子单证审核条件。 三是允许在区内实施资本项目外汇收入支付便利化业务。 四是允许区内企业可在所属分局辖内任一银行办理境内直接投资基本信息登记、变更与注销手续。 五是允许区内已确定选择“投注差”模式借用外债的企业，可调整为以跨境融资宏观审慎管理模式借用外债，一经调整不得变更。 六是放宽企业跨境融资签约币种、提款币种、偿还币种必须一致的要求，允许区内企业提款币种和偿还币种与签约币种不一致，但提款币种和偿还币种应保持一致。 七是区内企业开展跨国公司资金集中运营管理业务，其中关于上年度本外币国际收支规模“超过1亿美元”的要求调整为“超过5000万美元”。 八是对于境外机构按照规定能够开展即期结售汇交易的，允许区内银行为其办理人民币与外汇衍生产品交易。 九是允许注册且营业场所均在区内的银行为境外机构办理其境内外汇账户结汇业务。 多项创新政策举措的推出，仅仅是自由贸易试验区外汇管理改革迈出的第一步。接下来，北京外汇管理部将继续发力，统筹推进更多举措有效落地。一方面，争取推出更多有针对性的自由贸易试验区外汇创新政策“升级包”，通过多项政策叠加为市场主体带来更多红利；另一方面，力争推出系列服务优化举措，切实提高市场主体在外汇管理服务实体经济发展方面的获得感和满足感。通过在流程上做“减法”，在服务上做“加法”，全面“耕好”自由贸易试验区外汇管理改革“试验田”，优化自由贸易试验区营商环境，提升贸易投资自由化便利化水平。 2020-03-20/beijing/2020/0320/1200.html
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2016年， 中国人民银行、国家外汇管理局建立全口径跨境融资宏观审慎管理政策框架，取消外债事前审批，极大地便利了境内机构跨境融资。近年来，随着新发展理念深入贯 彻落实，各地涌现出一大批具有自主知识产权、技术，工艺先进、市场前景良好的创新型企业。部分创新型企业特别是中小微创新型企业在成长初期净资产规模较 小，跨境融资额度的上限较低，部分融资需求难以得到充分满足。为鼓励创新，支持中小微高新技术企业健康发展，2018年国家外汇管理局在北京市中关村国家自主创新示范区开展外债便利化试点，允许符合一定条件的中小微高新技术企业在一定额度内自主借用外债。此项试点政策较好地满足了中关村部分中小微高新技术企业的境外融资需求，降低了企业财务成本。 为 深入落实党的十九大关于加快构建更高水平开放型经济新体制，推动经济高质量发展的要求，进一步便利中小微高新技术企业充分利用境内境外两个市场、两种资 源，国家外汇管理局决定，将上述外债便利化试点范围扩大至上海（自由贸易试验区）、湖北（自由贸易试验区及武汉东湖新技术开发区）、广东及深圳（粤港澳大 湾区）等省、市。同时，进一步提高北京市中关村科学城海淀园区的外债便利化水平。 下一步，国家外汇管理局将继续按照党中央、国务院决策部署，稳住外贸外资基本盘，推出更多外汇便利化业务，持续优化外汇营商环境，促进经济社会平稳健康发展。同时，进一步完善外汇市场“宏观审慎+微观监管”两位一体管理框架，积极防范跨境资金流动风险，守住不发生系统性金融风险的底线。（完） 2020-03-20/qingdao/2020/0320/1690.html
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2月末，深圳市本外币各项存款余额86995.55亿元，同比增长12.8%。月末人民币存款余额82632.46亿元，同比增长13.6%，增速比上月末低2.5个百分点，比上年同期高4.1个百分点。当月人民币存款减少1886.17亿元，同比多减1803.99亿元。其中，住户存款减少553.62亿元，非金融企业存款减少3119.90亿元，财政性存款减少180.06亿元，非银行业金融机构存款增加2056.53亿元。月末外币存款余额622.71亿美元，同比下降5.2%，当月外币存款减少0.53亿美元，同比多减51.47亿美元。 2月末，深圳市本外币各项贷款余额61046.50亿元，同比增长12.1%。月末人民币贷款余额57664.64亿元，同比增长14.3%，增速与上月末基本持平，比上年同期低3.7个百分点。当月人民币贷款增加317.48亿元，同比多增50.49亿元。分部门看，住户部门贷款增加54.55亿元，其中，短期贷款减少22.27亿元，中长期贷款增加76.82亿元；非金融企业及机关团体贷款增加258.87亿元，其中，中长期贷款增加353.67亿元，票据融资减少83.47亿元；非银行业金融机构贷款增加6.09亿元。月末外币贷款余额482.67亿美元，同比下降18.6%，当月外币贷款减少8.00亿美元，同比少减9.60亿美元。 注：自2015年起，人民币、外币和本外币存款含非银行业金融机构存放款项，人民币、外币和本外币贷款含拆放给非银行业金融机构的款项。 2020-03-20/shenzhen/2020/0320/671.html
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2020-03-20http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2020-03/19/content_5493355.htm
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Asshown in the statistics of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange (SAFE),in February 2020, the amount of foreign exchange settlement and sales by bankswas RMB 1020.0 billion and RMB 920.8 billion, respectively, with a settlementof RMB 99.1 billion. In the US dollar terms，the amount of foreign exchange settlement and sales bybanks was USD 145.9 billion and USD 131.7 billion, respectively, with a settlementof USD 14.2 billion. In particular, the amount of foreign exchange settlementand sales by banks for customers was RMB 754.6 billion and RMB 749.5 billion,respectively, with a settlement of RMB 5.1 billion; the amount of foreignexchange settlement and sales for banks themselves was RMB 265.4 billion andRMB 171.3 billion, respectively, with a settlement of RMB 94.1 billion. Duringthe period, newly signed contract amount of forward foreign exchange settlementand sales was RMB 158.6 billion and RMB 48.5 billion, respectively, with a net newlysigned contract amount of forward foreign exchange settlement of RMB 110.1billion. At the end of February, outstanding amount of forward foreign exchangesettlement and sales by the end of the current period was RMB 549.3 billion andRMB 421.3 billion, respectively, with a net outstanding amount of forward foreignexchange settlement of RMB 127.9 billion; the net Delta exposure of outstandingoptions was RMB -259.9 billion. DuringJanuary to February 2020, the accumulative amount of foreign exchangesettlement and sales by banks was RMB 2026.6 billion and RMB 1883.3 billion,with an accumulative settlement of RMB 143.3 billion. In the US dollar terms, theaccumulative amount of foreign exchange settlement and sales by banks was USD 291.4billion and USD 270.8 billion, with an accumulative settlement of USD 20.6billion. In particular, the accumulative amount of foreign exchange settlementand sales by banks for customers was RMB 1668.5 billion and RMB 1606.2 billion,respectively, with an accumulative settlement of RMB 62.4 billion; theaccumulative amount of foreign exchange settlement and sales for banksthemselves was RMB 358.1 billion and RMB 277.2 billion, respectively, with anaccumulative settlement of RMB 80.9 billion. During the period, newly signed contractamount of forward foreign exchange settlement and sales was RMB 257.8 billionand RMB 85.5 billion, respectively, with a net newly signed contract amount offorward foreign exchange settlement of RMB172.3 billion. InFebruary 2020, the amount of cross-border receipts and payments by non-banking sectorswas RMB 1921.2 billion and RMB 1854.1 billion, respectively, with a surplus ofRMB 67.1 billion.During January to February 2020, the accumulative amount of cross-borderreceipts and payments by non-banking sectors was RMB 3923.1 billion and RMB 3792.9billion, respectively, with an accumulative surplus of RMB 130.2 billion. Inthe US dollar terms, in February 2020, the amount of cross-border receipts and paymentsby non-banking sectors was USD 274.8 billion and USD 265.2 billion,respectively, with a surplus of USD 9.6 billion.During January to February 2020,the accumulative amount of cross-border receipts and payments by non-banking sectorswas USD 564.2 billion and USD 545.4 billion, respectively, with an accumulativesurplus of USD 18.7 billion. Please note that: a.Foreign exchange settlement and sales data forfew banks is incomplete due to the disease caused byCOVID-19. b.The StateAdministration of Foreign Exchange has revised the data on cross-borderreceipts and payments by non-banking sectors in January 2020 based on thelatest data, and released it through the “Data and Statistics” section of the official website ofthe State Administration of Foreign Exchange. Addendum: Glossaryand relevant definitions Balance of payments(BOP) refers to all economic transactionsbetween residents and non-residents. Foreignexchange settlement and sales by banks refers to settlement and sale transaction that bank executes for customersand for the banks themselves, including statistic data onsettlements of forward contracts for foreign exchange settlementand sales and the exercises of option, and excludingthe transactions in the interbank foreign exchange market. The statistic reporting date of Foreign exchangesettlement and sales by banks should be the trade day of theForeignexchange settlement and sales transaction. By definition, foreignexchange settlement means foreign exchange holders sell foreignexchange to designated foreign exchange bank, and foreignexchange sales means designated bank sells foreign exchange to foreign exchange buyers. The net position of foreign exchange settlement andforeign exchange sales could be position squared throughtransactions on the inter-bank foreign exchange market, and it is one ofthe major contributors to the country’sforeign exchange reserve fluctuation, though it is not equal to netchange in foreign exchange reserves during the same period Unlikethe principle of balance-of-payments statistics, which cover the transactionsbetween residents and non-residents, foreign exchange settlement and sales bybanks only cover transactions of RMB and foreign currencies between banks and customers or on banks for themselves. Thenewly signed contract amount of forward foreign exchange settlement and sales refers to the binding forward contract between designated foreignexchange bank and client that predetermines foreign exchange currency, amount,exchange rate and tenor which to be executed upon maturity. Thenewly signed forward contract enables corporate to lock inadvance the exchange rate for the purchase or sale of a currency on a futuredate to manage relevant foreign exchange risk arising fromRMB volatility. In general, bank will hedge its foreign exchange risk exposures arise from the newly signed forward contract in the Interbank foreign exchange market. For example,when bank has net foreign exchange long position, bankwill short the equivalent amount of foreign exchange in the Interbank foreignexchange market in advance, or vice versa. Therefore, the newly signedcontract amount of forward foreign exchange settlement and sales is also one of contributors to China’s foreign exchange reserve fluctuation. Theunwind amount of forward foreign exchange settlement and sales refers to, where client is unable to perform the original forwardcontract due to change in its real demand, client to fully or partially closeits forward position by executing another deal with opposite direction to theoriginal contract. Therolling amount of forward foreign exchange settlement and sales refers to client to adjust the settlement date of original contract dueto change in its real demand. Theoutstanding amount of forward foreign exchange settlement and sales by the endof the current period refers to the total amount of forwardcontracts accumulated from all non-matured forward contracts with client. Thenewly signed contractamount and the outstanding amount should satisfy the equationthat: theoutstanding amount of forward foreign exchange settlement and sales by the endof the current period = theoutstanding amount of forward foreign exchange settlement and sales at the endof the previous period + the newly signed contract amount of forward foreignexchange settlement and sales for the period - settlements of forwardcontracts for foreign exchange settlement and sales for the period - the unwindamount of forward foreign exchange settlement and sales for the period. The net Deltaexposure of outstanding options refers to the implied foreignexchange spot risk exposure from outstanding option contracts that bank executedwith client. Bank shall hedge such risk in the foreign exchange market for risk management during deal life cycle. The cross-borderreceipts and payments bynon-banking sectors refers to the receipts andpayments between domestic non-banking sectors (including institutional and individual residents)and non-residentsthrough domestic banks, excluding receipts and payments in cash. In particular,the statisticsincludescross-border receipts and payments between non-banking sectors andnon-residents through domestic banks (including RMB and foreign currency), and domesticreceipts and payments between non-banking sectors and non-residents throughdomestic banks (temporarily excluding domestic receipts and payments in RMBbetween individual residents and non-resident individuals). Data are collected whencustomers conduct receipts and payments with non-resident counterparties atdomestic banks. Specifically, the receipts refer to the capitalof non-bankingsectors received fromnon-residents via domestic banks; the payments refer to the capitalof non-bankingsectors paid to non-residents via domestic banks. The cross-border receiptsand payments by non-banking sectors is based on cash basis, different from the accrual basis required by the Balance of Payments Statistics. The statistics merely reflects the cash flows between non-bankingsectors and non-residents and does not include bartertransactions or transactions with non-residents conducted by the banks themselves. Therefore, the scope of the statistics is narrowerthan that of the Balance of Payments Statistics. 2020-03-20/en/2020/0320/1648.html
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日前，国家外汇管理局公布了2020年2月份银行结售汇和银行代客涉外收付款数据。国家外汇管理局新闻发言人、总经济师王春英就2020年2月份外汇收支形势回答了记者提问。 问：请问2020年2月我国外汇收支形势有何特点？ 答：尽管受到新冠肺炎疫情影响，2月份我国外汇市场运行总体平稳。主要表现：一是外汇市场供求保持基本平衡。2月份，银行结售汇顺差142亿美元，综合考虑远期、期权等其他供求因素后，外汇市场总体供求状况基本平衡。二是非银行部门涉外收支延续净流入态势。2月份，我国企业、个人等非银行部门涉外收支顺差96亿美元，较1月份增长5%。三是外汇储备基本稳定，规模变动主要受汇率折算、资产价格变化等估值因素影响。四是人民币汇率在合理区间内双向波动，汇率预期平稳。 我国外汇市场表现出更加理性、有序、成熟的发展态势，主要渠道跨境资金流动保持基本稳定。一方面，市场主体结售汇意愿总体平稳。2月份，衡量结汇意愿的结汇率，也就是客户向银行卖出外汇与客户涉外外汇收入之比为59%，较2019年同期上升5个百分点；衡量购汇意愿的售汇率，也就是客户从银行买汇与客户涉外外汇支出之比为62%，较2019年同期下降3个百分点。另一方面，从主要渠道看，2月份货物贸易、直接投资结售汇和涉外收支延续顺差格局；境外投资者净增持境内债券140亿美元，1月份为净增持14亿美元。 目前，我国疫情防控形势积极向好，企业复工复产有序推进，稳外贸稳外资政策措施陆续出台，国内经济长期向好的基本面和内在向上的趋势没有改变。同时，我国对外开放持续深化和推进，国内营商环境逐步提升，资本市场国际化程度不断提高，人民币资产在全球范围内仍具有较强的吸引力，为我国外汇市场稳定运行奠定了基础。 2020-03-20/safe/2020/0320/15755.html
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国家外汇管理局统计数据显示，2020年2月，银行结汇10200亿元人民币，售汇9208亿元人民币，结售汇顺差991亿元人民币；按美元计值，银行结汇1459亿美元，售汇1317亿美元，结售汇顺差142亿美元。其中，银行代客结汇7546亿元人民币，售汇7495亿元人民币，结售汇顺差51亿元人民币；银行自身结汇2654亿元人民币，售汇1713亿元人民币，结售汇顺差941亿元人民币。同期，银行代客远期结汇签约1586亿元人民币，远期售汇签约485亿元人民币，远期净结汇1101亿元人民币。截至2月末，远期累计未到期结汇5493亿元人民币，未到期售汇4213亿元人民币，未到期净结汇1279亿元人民币；未到期期权Delta净敞口-2599亿元人民币。 2020年1-2月，银行累计结汇20266亿元人民币，累计售汇18833亿元人民币，累计结售汇顺差1433亿元人民币；按美元计值，银行累计结汇2914亿美元，累计售汇2708亿美元，累计结售汇顺差206亿美元。其中，银行代客累计结汇16685亿元人民币，累计售汇16062亿元人民币，累计结售汇顺差624亿元人民币；银行自身累计结汇3581亿元人民币，累计售汇2772亿元人民币，累计结售汇顺差809亿元人民币。同期，银行代客累计远期结汇签约2578亿元人民币，累计远期售汇签约855亿元人民币，累计远期净结汇1723亿元人民币。 2020年2月，银行代客涉外收入19212亿元人民币，对外付款18541亿元人民币，涉外收付款顺差671亿元人民币。2020年1-2月，银行代客累计涉外收入39231亿元人民币，累计对外付款37929亿元人民币，累计涉外收付款顺差1302亿元人民币。 按美元计值，2020年2月，银行代客涉外收入2748亿美元，对外付款2652亿美元，涉外收付款顺差96亿美元。2020年1-2月，银行代客累计涉外收入5642亿美元，累计对外付款5454亿美元，累计涉外收付款顺差187亿美元。 注:1.受疫情影响，湖北等地区银行结售汇数据为部分金融机构上报的数据。 2.国家外汇管理局根据最新获得的数据，修订了2020年1月涉外收付款数据，并通过国家外汇管理局官方网站“统计数据”栏目公布。 附：名词解释和相关说明 国际收支是指我国居民与非居民间发生的一切经济交易。 银行结售汇是指银行为客户及其自身办理的结汇和售汇业务，包括远期结售汇履约和期权行权数据，不包括银行间外汇市场交易数据。银行结售汇统计时点为人民币与外汇兑换行为发生时。其中，结汇是指外汇所有者将外汇卖给外汇指定银行，售汇是指外汇指定银行将外汇卖给外汇使用者。结售汇差额是结汇与售汇的轧差数。银行结售汇形成的差额将通过银行在银行间外汇市场买卖平盘，是引起我国外汇储备变化的主要来源之一，但其不等于同期外汇储备的增减额。 银行结售汇不按居民与非居民交易的原则进行统计，且其仅包括银行与客户及其自身之间发生的本外币买卖，即人民币和外汇的兑换交易，不同于国际收支交易的统计范围。 远期结售汇签约是指银行与客户协商签订远期结汇（售汇）合同，约定将来办理结汇（售汇）的外汇币种、金额、汇率和期限；到期外汇收入（支出）发生时，即按照远期结汇（售汇）合同订明的币种、金额、汇率办理结汇（售汇）。远期结售汇业务使得企业可提前锁定未来结汇或售汇的汇率，从而有效规避人民币汇率变动的风险。银行一般会通过银行间外汇市场来对冲远期结售汇业务形成的风险敞口。比如，当银行签订的远期结汇大于远期售汇时，银行一般会将同等金额的外汇提前在银行间外汇市场卖出，反之亦然。因而远期结售汇也是影响我国外汇储备变化的一个因素。 远期结售汇平仓是指客户因真实需求背景发生变更、无法履行资金交割义务，对原交易反向平盘，了结部分或全部远期头寸的行为。 远期结售汇展期是指客户因真实需求背景发生变更，调整原交易交割时间的行为。 本期末远期结售汇累计未到期额是指银行与客户签订的远期结汇和售汇合同在本期末仍未到期的余额；差额是指未到期远期结汇和售汇余额之差。签约额与累计未到期额之间的关系为：本期末远期结售汇累计未到期额=上期末远期结售汇累计未到期额+本期远期结售汇签约额-本期远期结售汇履约额-本期远期结售汇平仓额。 未到期期权Delta净敞口是指银行对客户办理的期权业务在本期末累计未到期合约所隐含的即期汇率风险敞口。银行为管理这部分风险敞口，在期权合约存续期间通常会在外汇市场进行对冲。 银行代客涉外收付款是指境内非银行居民机构和个人（统称非银行部门）通过境内银行与非居民机构和个人之间发生的收付款，不包括现钞收付和银行自身涉外收付款。具体包括：非银行部门和非居民之间通过境内银行发生的跨境收付款（包括外汇和人民币），以及非银行部门和非居民之间通过境内银行发生的境内收付款（暂不包括境内居民个人与境内非居民个人之间发生的人民币收付款），统计时点为客户在境内银行办理涉外收付款时。其中，银行代客涉外收入是指非银行部门通过境内银行从非居民收入的款项，银行代客对外支出是指非银行部门通过境内银行向非居民支付的款项。 银行代客涉外收付款是国际收支统计的组成部分，但其统计原则与国际收支采用的权责发生制原则不同，采用资金收付制原则，且其仅反映境内非银行部门与非居民之间的资金流动状况，不能反映实物交易和银行自身的涉外交易，统计范围小于国际收支统计。 2020-03-20/safe/2020/0320/15756.html